Chirality in Chemistry

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Chirality in Chemistry

Chirality is a term which may be applied to any asymmetric object or

molecule. It is the property of non-identity of an object with its

mirror image. A chiral compound is one which is not superimposable on

its mirror image. This property of molecules has a great importance in

the chemistry feild as it provides us with an understanding of the

shapes of molecules which then in turn, gives us an insight on the way

they react in a particular reaction. Chirality in chemistry is

described in many ways but the universal defination of chirality was

given by Lord Kelvin in 1904 who defined chirality in his 'Baltimore

Lectures' on 'Molecular Dynamics and the Wave Theory of Light' as "I

call any geometrical figure, or group of points, chiral, and say it

has chirality, if its image in a plane mirror, ideally realized,

cannot be brought to coincide with itself."

Say if a left hand was transplanted in the place of the right hand.

Now if we try and shake hands with someone else, it would not be

possible. Whichever way the left hand was transplanted, the fingers

would seem to be inverted. The moral is that the left hand and the

right hand are different. On the other hand, the left hand and the

right foot are also different. However, we may feel there exists a

relationship between the left hand and the right hand that doesn't

exist between the left hand and the rig

ht foot. If we put the left hand up to a mirror. The reflection in the

mirror is of a right hand. So this proves that the left and right

hands are mirror images.

Not all objects behave like a pair of hands. If we take a water glass,

for example, it is i...

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... would howver be chiral as there would be no

plane of symmetery present in the molecule. Pt(NH3)2(NO2)2(Cl)2 is

also a chiral complex but with an octahedral structure.

For a square planar structure we need to use two different specially

chosen bidentate ligands or a chiral ligand. These are the only way by

which square planar complexes may become chiral.

Chirality is an important aspect of chemistry for inorganic chemists

as well as organic chemists. It is a concept which enables us to

understand the different behaviour of the same molecules. Chirality in

chemistry is of many forms and is posessed by molecules and complexes

of different structures.

Bibliography:

Inorganic chemistry A.G Sharpe

Inorganic nomenclature Principles and practise B. Peter Block

http://www.chiral.com/description/research.htm

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