After the long revolution from 1911-1949, the Chinese Communist Party had finally won control of the country and established the People’s Republic of China, on October 1, 1949. China since 1949 has had a tremendous result that has both modernized and revolutionized the country. After 1949, China quickly gained power and moved to gain the confidence of their population, particularly by solving the economic problems that followed after the civil war. It had generated low levels of domestic output, increased rates of inflation, and high levels of unemployment. A big issue that arose was food shortage and the prices of food increasing. It became a major priority if the new leaders wanted to achieve social stability, or even just to get the popular …show more content…
According to Growing up in the People's Republic, one of Mao’s many goals was land reform. He initiated this plan by giving some land over to the peasants from the landlords. Throughout this time, it was essential for the abundant amount of peasants to be awarded this land or even be recruited as new authorities because it made them give up their independence and they believed they had this power. As a result, the CPC was able to successfully convince the peasants to switch from one policy to another which made it easier for the government to control policy. One of the other goals of Mao was to promote uniformity. From Growing Up in the Republic, according to Ye and Ma in 1950, they finally received equal rights including the right to own property and equal rights in marriage and divorce. This was a major shift in China’s policies and laws aiming towards a new and improved China. The third goal of Mao was aimed at the economy and the practices of institutions. Overall, Mao believed that the Revolution wasn’t over therefore, he continued to call for rapid industrialization plus increased agricultural production thus leading to a Great and Powerful China once …show more content…
This plan was to provide growth upon industrialization through the example of the Soviet Union. It’s goal was to increase agricultural production to compensate for the growth in industrialization. This was achieved through something called “collective farming” and the government taking control and owning all transportation. Eventually, it allowed private industries to be socialized and having 98 percent of the farming populations taking part in communes. One of the other assets of the five year plan, was to include education as well. In connection to the time with Ye and Ma in the book, liberal arts was the major subject for education. But as a result of the five year plan, it changed the education system and focused more on technical skills. Do the great success of the first five-year plan it caused the second five-year plan to initiate. The second plan’s goal was to increase industrial and agricultural production. However, the Soviet Union began to extract advisors and support. Within the first years of the communist government, they attempted to reduce the patterned lives of the people and to apply a marxist state that was first based on agriculture and would later be based on industrialization. Although, the first five-year plan was largely successful and the second failed I still believe from a personal perspective that Mao had a great
Following the Chinese Revolution of 1949, China’s economy was in ruin. The new leader, Mao Zedong, was responsible for pulling the economy out of the economic depression. The problems he faced included the low gross domestic product, high inflation, high unemployment, and high prices on goods. In order to solve these issues, Mao sought to follow a more Marxist model, similar to that of the Soviet Union. This was to use government intervention to develop industry in China. In Jan Wong’s Red China Blues, discusses Maoism and how Mao’s policies changed China’s economy for the worse. While some of Mao’s early domestic policies had some positive effects on China’s economy, many of his later policies caused China’s economy to regress.
The Political Turmoil of China From 1911 to 1927 There were many reasons why China slipped into political instability or turmoil between 1911 and 19287. There reasons include the questionable leadership of Yuan Shih Kai, the presence of the warlords, the One of the reasons was that questionable leadership of Yuan Shih Kai. When Yuan took over control from Sun Yat Sen as the President, he tried to revert to the monarchical system of rule. From 1912 until 1915, he ruled as a military dictator with the support of the army. His rule was already blemished with resistance and that demonstrated that the people did not quite accept him as the leader of China.
William Hinton, a US born member of a Chinese Communist land reform task force in 1948, noted that the peasants were challenging the landlords and money lenders in regards to overcharges and restoration of lands and property seized in default of debts (Doc 4). This was due to the newly found confidence in themselves through the defeat of the Japanese. Although Hinton was born into the communist party, his recount of the actions he saw concerning the peasants was simply from a look from the outside in. He personally did not experience this sudden upsurge of challenges, which gives the public a view of what the communist party thought of what looked like a move towards social equality. Although Hinton’s recount may not have been thoroughly verified, the communist party did indeed aid in fueling what was known as a struggle meeting, where Chinese peasants humiliated and tortured landlords, as seen in the picture, organized by the Communist Party as part of the land reform process, of a group of peasants at a meeting where in the center a woman is with her former landlord (Doc 7). Alongside the destruction of the landowning infrastructure that was previously followed, the Communist party also aided the peasants in a form of social reform. One important law that granted specifically women more freedom in their social life was the creation of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China in 1950, where it states that the “supremacy of man over woman, and in disregard of the interest of the children, is abolished” (Doc 5). The newly introduced concepts of free choice in partners, abortion, and monogamy that derived from this law changed the societal position on women and peasants which greatly expresses the amount of new social mobility
News: Politics. Meng, Xin, and Nancy Qian. The Institutional Causes of China's Great Famine, 1959-61. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research,
Success, as defined by the Oxford English dictionary, is the prosperous achievement of an objective. (Oed.com 1968) Conferring to this definition, the 1949 Chinese revolution was certainly a successful revolution. The communist party of China (CCP) was incredibly successful in its attempt in replacing the bourgeoisie dominated nationalist government – The Kuomintang (KMT) - with a proletariat class lead communist government. However, whether the achievement of such objective proves to be prosperous for China and its peoples requires further analysis. Ever since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, the legitimacy of the revolution of which it was built upon has perennially been in question. For example, in a 1999 issue of the
The liberation areas were made up of poor and mostly small farms. The Communists and their leader, Mao Zedong, began making land reforms. Big estates of land were taken from the rich landlords and shared out. among peasants who did not have land of their own. The communists also introduced many social reforms, particularly for women.
In the late 1920’s, living in Lenin’s shadow, Stalin decided that the New Economic Policy would introduce the Five-Year Plan.
One of Mao Zedong’s motivations for beginning the Cultural Revolution was his view that a cutting-edge bureaucratic ruling class had surfaced because of the centralized authoritarian nature of the political system, which had little hope for popular participation in the process of economic development (The Chinese Cultural Revolution revisited). The motivations of Fidel Castro, on the other hand, were different in that he wanted all people of all classes to be equal. The notion that the poverty-stricken could live a life equal to all other humans was an immense sense of happiness and alteration. In China, Mao Zedong developed many things to entice people.
That his desires to create equality amongst his people were good is not the argument here. Rather, the focus is that by seeking to destroy the bourgeoisie within China and to raise up the proletariat, Mao simply helped these two social classes switch roles.
The Great Leap Forward was a socioeconomic plan held from 1958 to 1961 by Communist party of China. As a result of successful economic reconstruction that had taken place in the early 1950s, the First Five Year Plan, Mao Zedong wanted to launch the second Five Year Plan, which was the Great Leap Forward. It was aimed to change China’s agrarian economy into an industrialized and socialist society. Mao had a vision of surpassing the Soviet Union and the United States in a short period of time. The two primary tasks that Mao thought was the most important were industry and agriculture.
This essay has critically analysed and examined the effect of Communism on the Chinese Society during the period of 1946-1964. The overall conclusion that can be drawn is that the Chinese Communist Party managed to defeat the Kuomintang (Nationalist) Party and achieve victory in the Civil War, in spite of alienation by the Soviet Union and opposition from the U.S. This was primarily because of the superior military strategy employed by the Communists and the economic and political reforms introduced by this party which brought more equality to the peasants in the form of land ownership and better public services. This increased China’s production and manufacturing which not only boosted the country’s economy but also provided a more sustainable supply of food, goods and services for the Chinese people.
China After World War II Civil war is raging in China. Across the plains of Manchuria troops of Chiang Kai-shek’s central government is battling for supremacy. against the military forces of the Chinese Stalinists. With the generous aid of American imperialism, Chiang Kai-shek succeeded, in May, in capturing the strategic town of Szepingkai. Next, the sandbox of the sandbox.
people on to the side of the CCP. The CCP’s victory was also down to
The 1911 Revolution kicked out the Qing Dynasty and broke the barriers to different developments in China. However, the 1911 Revolution has only provided a framework of a republic and made changes in some particular aspects related to immediate problems and difficulties in society. Hence, the relationship between the revolution and the subsequent development of China was very weak. On one hand, I do not agree with the latter part of the statement that the 1911 Revolution brought new problems to China. The conflicts and problems that China suffered in the early/ mid 1910s were mainly due to the weakness of the military force, conflicting political organizations and disorder in society. On the other hand, I agree with the first part of the statement that the 1911 Revolution did not bring peace to China afterwards. In the following paragraphs, I am going to focus on explaining the reasons of emerging new problems in China and also illustrate my points on the factors of the 1911 Revolution which could not bring in peace to China related to the conditions of the country.
When the new Chinese Government was set up in 1949, the new government faced a lot of problems. First on their agenda was how to re-build the country. As Communist Party of China (CPC) is a socialist party, their policies at the time were similar to that of the Soviet Union’s. Consequently, the CPC used a centrally planned strategy as its economic strategy when it first began. For a long time, the Chinese economy was a centrally planned economy in which none other than the state owned all companies. In fact, there were absolutely no entrepreneurs. As time went on, the problems of a centrally planned economy started to appear, such as low productivity, which was the key reason for restricting the development of China. With the population growing, the limitations of the centrally planned economy were clear. In 1978 China started its economic reform whose goal was to generate sufficient surplus value to finance the modernization of the Chinese economy. In the beginning, in the late 1970s and early 19...