Cancer Drugs
The National Cancer Institute says that one in two will get cancer during their lifetime. The cancer drug is a key part in the treatment for these people. As of now, there are more than 100 cancer drugs in use. These drugs can kill cancer cells or at least slow down the growth. The difference between regular cells and cancer cells is that cancer cells divide rapidly, while healthy cells don’t. These drugs aren’t perfect and may also hit the normal cells, which can cause many side effects. Many of the cancer cells can resist the cancer drugs. These drugs are usually given in a tablet form, injection, or infusion by a device called a port. The port inserts it into the blood vessel or body cavity. The problem of
The cancer stem cell theory hypothesizes that tumors or cancers arise from mutations or epigenetic changes in normal stem cells. These mutated or genetically altered stem cells possess the properties of the normal stem cells such as the ability to self-renew, differentiate into any type of body cell, and resist apoptosis. Hence, the cancer stem cells (CSC) are named so. It is also suggested that because of the above-mentioned properties of the cancer stem cells, the current anti-cancer therapies are not entirely successful (Gil et al, 2008). Despite surgery and other therapies, even if very few of these cancer stem cells survive, they can continue to act as a source for more tumors, even though the therapies eliminate all visible signs of cancer.
Cancer is a disease in which cells multiply out of control and gradually build a mass of tissue called a tumor. There has been a large amount of research dedicated to the treatment and cure of cancer. Several types of treatments have been developed. The following are just some of the major examples of cancer therapy: surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, biologic therapy, biorhythms, unconventional treatments, and hyperthermia. Each type of treatment is discussed in detail below.
I have elected to transcribe my proposal argument on issues regarding cancer chemoprevention. I selected this topic because reasonably minute devotion has been given to cancer chemoprevention research in ethical writings, particularly in relation to the huge quantity of moral studies in cancer treatment exploration. Cancer chemoprevention trials test the ability and care of medicinal agents in averting cancer before its manifestation. I believe that phase III chemoprevention issues can be less prevalent by simply ensuring enhanced communication and etiquette between researchers and investigators.
My sister, Kathy, was diagnosed with cancer in 2013. I was shocked because my sister was always the healthy one among all us girls, the type of cancer, Kathy called colon cancer, Cancer that forms in the tissues of the colon. Most oncogene mutations of indisputable normal genes designate proto-oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes determine the “excellent” genes that usually rule what cell do and the way typically it distribute. Once a factor mutates (changes) into cell, it come back a "hurtful" factor that may become usefulness on or activated once it's not believe to be. Once this occurs, the cell becomes out of management, which might pass to cancer. As scientists learn additional throughout oncogenes, they will be powerful to develop a medication that inhibits or restrain them.
Chemotherapy is used for many different things. Chemo can be used to keep cancer from spreading, slow the cancers growth, kill cancer cells that have already spread to other parts of the body, relieve symptoms such as pain that is caused by cancer, shrink tumors, and of course to cure cancer. Chemo can be given in many different ways. It can be given as an injection, through an IV, topically, directly into the body cavity, and orally. Oral chemotherapy is given in the form of a liquid, tablet, or capsule that you swallow. Oral chemo is not as strong as other forms but can work just as well. Chemo given through an IV is the most common.
...y is the most common form of drug treatment. “Chemotherapy uses different kinds of drugs that can kill cancer cells” (NW Hospital). Chemotherapy can also kill cancer that has spread throughout the body as well. Again there are some advantages and disadvantages. When the surgery is over the person will be as a smaller risk of the cancer returning. Disadvantages include disruption of the menstrual cycle in women.
An ordinary human body contains approximately one trillion cells and precisely 46 chromosomes in each cell. However, the human body can be altered by a genetic mutation. Over the course of history, genetic mutations have had a large impact on the human race. They have brought harm to numerous amounts of people. Cancer, in particular, is one of the most lethal diseases. Cancer begins when a portion of DNA inside a chromosome is damaged, causing a cell to mutate. Then, the mutated cell reproduces multiple times and creates a tumor. Afterwards, cancer cells break off of the tumor, enter the bloodstream, and disperse throughout the body. If the cells break off, the tumor is considered malignant - this type of cancer is very difficult to cure. Many patients today stay optimistic for a medication to heal cancer. It is imperative to address a few of the causes and effects of cancer in order to gain a general knowledge of genetic mutations.
When we hear, cancer treatment, our minds naturally shoot straight to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is the most commonly used way to treat cancer. There is a saying that goes “Chemotherapy is an opponent itself simultaneously caring you and hurting you”. (Morasca, 2015). Cancer refers to the abnormal growth of cells which tend to proliferate in an uncontrolled way and in some cases, it spreads to other parts of the body. The main types of cancer treatment include: surgery, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, hormone therapy, stem cell transplant, precision medicine, and chemotherapy.
“Since 1990, over 6 million Americans have died of cancer, more than the combined casualties from the Civil war, WWII, and the Vietnam and Korean conflicts combined” (Faguet, p. 5). According to American Cancer Society projections, there were 1,529,560 new cases of cancer in 2010. Cancer is becoming more and more common around the world. New cancers are constantly being discovered. Researchers are finding new ways to detect cancer and treat it so that the fatality rate does not rise. However, there are some cancers that researchers have not yet discovered a cure for. It is very important for Cancer Research to continue so that one day these cancers will no longer be a treat.
Cancer can affect anywhere from the brain, lungs, and liver, to the breasts and heart. One of the most common types of cancer is “Carcinoma” “Cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs -- "skin, lung, colon, pancreatic, ovarian cancers," (Medicine net)”. This shows that dozens of different types of cancer only fall into a small category and can all only be treated by certain means. Some types of cancers are even incurable making them particularly dangerous because once you get one of those types of cancers there is nothing that you can do except wait for the inevitable death that awaits you. Meanwhile other forms of cancers are minor, meaning that there is therapy and cures for them, however just because they are minor compared to the more deadly types of cancer, all forms of cancer are extremely potent and dangerous. Sarcoma is another form of cancer “that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue -- bone, soft tissue cancers, (Medicine Net)”. This form of cancer affects the body by taking out the supportive tissues and functions, causing extreme pain and discomfort for whom ever is unlucky enough to get it. One of the most common types of cancer is leukemia which “Cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and
The cell cycle of a normal cell and a cancer cell are different in some ways. Normal cells and cancer cells go through all phases of the cell cycle. The function of the G1 and G2 phase are mainly for cell growth, The S phase, or synthesis phase, is when the cell’s DNA is replicated, and in the M phase, or Mitosis, is when cell division finally occurs. During the G1 phase, normal cells go through cell growth and they prepare to synthesize DNA. S phase follows and normal cells get their DNA synthesized. The G2 phase prepares the cell for cell division. Lastly, in the mitosis phase, the cell divides. Cancer cells go through the same phases as a normal cell with no differences
Cancer is the name given to a collection of related diseases. In all forms of cancer: the cells in the body begin to divide uncontrollably and then spread into the surrounding tissues.
Cancer cells differ from normal cells in size, structure, function, and growth rate. These malignant cells lack the normal controls of growth seen in healthy cells, and grow uncontrollably. This uncontrolled growth allows the cancer cells to invade adjacent structures and then destroy surrounding tissues and organs. Malignant cells may also metastasize to other areas of the body through the cardiovascular or lymphatic systems. This uncontrolled growth and spread of cancer cells can eventually interfere with one or more of a person's vital organs or functions and possibly lead to death. The primary sites of cancer metastasis are the bone, the lymph nodes, the liver, the lungs, and the brain (McCance & Roberts, 1998).
Cancer develops when cells in a part of the body begin to grow out of
What exactly is Chemotherapy and why would it also kill “good” cells? Cancer could be described as the disease that sends cells out of control, rapidly multiplying the cells, until it harms the body. Chemotherapy is an effective drug treatment intended to treat individuals with various forms of cancer. Generally, this type of treatment is nonspecific, and non-molecular that uses chemical agents to break down all dividing cells. Chemotherapy, or chemo for short, destroys cancer cells, and can also cease the reproduction or spreading of these cells. Despite having apparent benefits, this type of treatment comes at a cost, presenting several disadvantages and side effects. Chemotherapy comes with a heavy burden, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, anemia, infections, and fatigue is a few of the short-term side effects. This analysis examines chemotherapy as a type of cancer treatment, as well as evaluating complimentary and alternative medicines.