In the passage "Bone Wars", there are three main central ideas. These ideas, which are supported by factual evidence, build the story between two rivals. Edward Cope and Otheniel Marsh created great controversy in the field of paleontology but left a lasting impact during their lifetime and in today's scientific research. One central idea that is prevelant in the passage "Bone Wars" is that Cope and Marsh had a tense rivalry.In the text the author states that "Cope and Marsh were friendly at first, but their relationship quickly soured." This suggests that even though when they first met all was well, as time passed the relations were full of hatred and disrespect for one another.The author develops this central idea by first showing …show more content…
This suggests that their focus on the rivalry took away from their focus on work. The author's method of developing this idea was to state examples of mistakes created by both men.Like I stated before, Cope made a mistake when he wroteand drew his new discovery,the Elasmosaurus, which publically humilated him." Marsh crowed about the blunder to anyone who would listen." The author also talks about Marsh's mistake in his discovery of the Brontosaurus;this mistake wasn't noticed until hundreds of years later. While the men had made mistakes they also made major discoveries. The text states that"Cope and Marsh discovered more than 130 dinosaur species." The text also states that "Their teams dug up so many bones that scientists are still learning new things about them." This shows that many scientists still gain information from the discoveries of Cope and Marsh. The author's use of these details show Cope and Marsh's great effects in the world of science.The way the author developed this part of the third central idea is by stating their positive
The abundant animal imagery in Timothy Findley's book The Wars is used to develop characterization and theme. The protagonist, Robert Ross, has a deep connection with animals that reflects his personality and the situations that he faces. This link between Robert and the animals shows the reader that human nature is not much different than animal nature.
The skeleton had a hideous impact to the community and was predicted by local investigators to be reasonably modern. To get better understanding and avoid confusion, a bone sample was sent to a laboratory in the USA for investigation and analysation using series of scientific
First, the reading states that skin decomposed into fibers and preserved as lines in the fossils. The professor opposes this point by saying that there is no fine lines on the fossils of other animals have buried in the same site. That means that the fine lines didn't come from the volcanic ash, but from the feathers of the aniamls.
...vejoy, the team’s anatomy expert, hypothesized that the bone crushed and fossilized misshapen, causing the position of the bones to seem as if they “flared up like a chimp’s.” This initial conclusion might have been the correct one, but Lovejoy was part of Johanson’s team, and as such, his analysis was done under Johanson’s influence. Johanson concluded that this chimp-like bone was an illusion, and the reconstruction that followed resulted in a bipedal pelvis. It is unclear how certain the researchers can be that the final result was the original shape of the bone, but one thing is clear – the reconstruction was done under the influence of the initial and final conclusion. When the assembly and analysis of the bones are done by a team of researchers already pre-disposed to a specific hypothesis, it is little wonder that the evidence ends up fitting the hypothesis
The authors prove through their writing that war can be unfair. For example, Tim Meeker, the narrator asks,”Jerry? He is dead?” While his mom replies,”Nobody understands it. They put him on a prison ship, and he got sick and he died within three weeks” (Collier and Collier 166). Tim, presumably about twelve, had his best friend Jerry
In chapter 8, this quote is used to foreshadow what might happen in the chapter named, “Microscopy”. The book “The Evolution of Calpurnia Tate”, has every chapter begin with a quote from Charles Darwin’s book, “On the Origin of Species”. These quotes are used to foreshadow or explain what might happen in the upcoming chapter. “The crust of the earth is a vast museum…” is a quote that goes along extremely well with the chapter, “Microscopy” because of the correlation with microscopic creatures living on the top layer of earth’s crust. Millions of miniscule organisms are currently living on earth’s crust, that's worms, bugs, and anything else that so small no one can see. In chapter 8, Calpurnia and her grandfather collect microscopic specimens
Unique in style and content, the novel explores the emotions of a young Civil War recruit named Henry Fleming. What is most remarkable about this classic is that the twenty-four-year-old author had never witnessed war in his life before writing this book. Crane's story developed to some degree out of his reading of war stories by Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy and the popular memoirs of Civil War veterans, yet he also deviated from these influences in his depiction of war's horror. Critics have noted that his portrait of war is an intensely psychological one, blending elements of naturalism, impressionism, and symbolism. Indeed, he broke away from his American realist contemporaries, including his mentor William Dean Howells, in his naturalistic treatment of man as an amoral creature in a deterministic world.
“Every war is everyone’s war”... war will bring out the worst in even the strongest and kindest people. The book tells about how ones greed for something can destroy everything for both people and animals leaving them broken beyond repair, leaving them only with questions… Will they ever see their family again? Will they ever experience what it’s like to
After he goes to ride the soldier, he his flung from his back and actually sees the soldier, “a face that lack a lower jaw – from upper teeth to the throat was a great red gap fringed with hanging shreds of flesh and splinters of bone.” (Bierce 44). This is the first glimpse the boy comprehends of the true devastation of war. And at this point the child has his first rational reaction,“terrified at last, ran to a tree near by, got upon the farther side of it and took a more serious view of the situation.” (Bierce 44). The author is using the childes revelation of the violence in war to introduce to his readers the devastation of
The Exhumation of the Mastodon by Charles Willson Peale juxtaposes nature with scientific innovation as well as with individualism. Peale painted himself and his family into the painting as to emphasize their role in the discovery of the bones of the mammoth and celebrate their status and wealth. This painting intertwines romantic themes of innovation, with transcendentalist themes of individualism, and the relationship of science and nature through the pulley system with the horizon of nature in the
In Birdsong, Faulks considers the idea of the War as an ‘exploration of how far men can be degraded’ in terms of the impact that war had upon the individual characters, resulting in dehumanisation. The main feature of being human is individuality. During his three-day-rest, the character Jack reflects that each soldier had the potential to be an individual, but because of the ‘shadow of what awaited them, [they] were interchangeable’ which is an allusion towards the politics of the War; the men were simply seen as statistics. The men search for a fate within the War, demonstrated when Stephen plays cards with the men and claims that Weir would rather have a ‘malign providence than an indifferent one’ which suggests that the men want to feel that someone is planning their future. During a heavy bombardment, Faulks describes that Tipper’s ‘iris lost all light and sense of life’ during his ‘eruption of natural fear’ when the shells land near him. The eyes here are a metaphor for life; it is a human’s eyes which represent individuality and are often described as the window to the soul. Faulks’ description of the loss of light in the eyes suggests that, as a result of the War, Tipper has lost what makes him human. The natural fear and ‘shrill demented sound’ that arises from Tipper is a ‘primitive fear’ which su...
6. L. Pearce Williams and Henry John Steffens, The Scientific Revolution, vol. 2 of The
The detailed descriptions of the dead man’s body show the terrible costs of the war in a physical aspect. O’Brien’s guilt almost takes on its own rhythm in the repetition of ideas, phrases, and observations about the man’s body. Some of the ideas here, especially the notion of the victim being a “slim, young, dainty man,” help emphasize O’Brien’s fixation on the effects of his action—that he killed someone who was innocent and not meant to be fighting in the war. At the same time, his focus on these physical characteristics, rather than on his own feelings, betrays his attempt to keep some distance in order to dull the pain. The long, unending sentences force the reader to read the deta...
Earnest Hemmingway once said "Never think that war, no matter how necessary, nor how justified, is not a crime." (Ernest Hemingway: A Literary Reference) War is a gruesome and tragic thing and affects people differently. Both Vonnegut and Hemmingway discus this idea in their novels A Farewell to Arms and Slaughterhouse Five. Both of the novels deal not only with war stories but other genres, be it a science fiction story in Vonnegut’s case or a love story in Hemingway’s. Despite all the similarities there are also very big differences in the depiction of war and the way the two characters cope with their shocking and different experiences. It is the way someone deals with these tragedies that is the true story. This essay will evaluate how the main characters in both novels deal with their experiences in different ways.