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Globalizations effect on the population
Globalizations effect on the population
Globalizations effect on the population
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Topic: Definition of terms
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1. Birth rate, death rate and fertility rate
Birth rate is the overall number of births occurring per every 1,000 people in a year. It is often a times referred to as crude birth rate and is gives an impression of the ratio of total births to the total population in a certain region over a one year period. It is calculated by through ways such as; getting live births statistics from a universal system of births registration, statistics of deaths, and population size from census, marriages and also estimation by means of specialized techniques- estimation techniques. Death rate on the other hand is the number of deaths per a 1,000 subset of a population- also called fatality rate or mortality rate or crude mortality rate; when it gives a general overview of the deaths across the whole population without narrowing down to causes the same or the age brackets or life stages of the victims. Crude death and birth rates are used to calculate the size of populations. Lastly, fertility rate is the total number of children that a woman may give birth to over her lifetime. This however is premised upon the assumption that the woman survives through to end of her reproductive life and that she bears the children in tandem with the schedule of age-specific rates of fertility.
2. Growth rate, infant mortality rate
Growth rate is the rate at which the population changes over a period of time- either increasing or decreasing. It is normally the net difference between crude birth rates, crude death rates and rate of immigration. In essence, it gives the ratio by which the number of persons in a population rises or drops over a certain duration of time against the total number p...
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...lity to produce without surpassing the growth potential or the growth level of the resources. There is usually no definite approach to calculating this as different resources will have unique abilities to produce or abilities replace the worth of their depleted value. For instance, in the context of wildlife, sustainable yield would be calculated at the level where the wildlife would be able to reproduce amongst themselves such that their consumption by human beings does not render them extinct. Sustainability on the other hand is the hand is taking measures that are aimed at protecting the natural environment. This notion emphasizes more on preserving the capability of the environment to support human life indefinitely. It is advocates for restrained exploitation of the natural resources so as not to deplete- use them sparingly for the sake of future generations.
Oded Galor and David N. Weil’s work, From Malthusian Stagnation to Modern Growth describes three different regimes on society including population, GDP per capita, family, and lifespan. They are the Malthusian model, the Post Malthusian model, and the Modern Growth Era model. The first of these three was the Malthusian model, developed by Malthus in the late 18th century, the Modern Growth is what we have today, and the post Malthusian model is the transition between the two ends of the spectrum.
such as the quality of life of a country. And in turn how does the
If the conception rate is high then there will be a higher demand for certain goods. For example, many families in Honduras are having shortages on most of their crops as a result of a drought. For those families, the only food that did not get completely wiped out was the sweet potato, but there are more mouths to feed than there are potatoes. This will cause many of the people to die of
The infant mortality rate of a country is said to be a “reflection of a society’s commitment to ensuring access to health care, adequate nutrition… and sufficient income to prevent the adverse consequences of poverty”(1). As defined by the World Data Bank, a country’s infant mortality rate is measured by the number if infants, per every 1000 live births, do not survive to be older than one year of age (3). The female unemployment rate refers to the percentage of the female labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment (2). Previous research conducted by the Canadian Public Health Association has shown that unemployment can result in “direct material deprivation”, that could lead to an infant’s survival being compromised (4). A greater understanding of this relationship could give rise to national and international efforts to support unemployed mothers. It is reasonable to consider that there is a relationship between a country’s level of female unemployment and it’s infant mortality rate.
2. Infant mortality rate: the number of death of an infant in a year per 1,000 live birth in the same year.
dictates " if a family has a falling income there is a need for more
Sustainability is when something can be used and not be depleted, destroyed, or damaged past recovery. As we work to live sustainably, we are in effect making use of our resources in a fashion that doesn't eliminate them, and doesn't harm their source. Our resources come from the environment around us and we need to make sure that it is not harmed as we use it. According to the EPA, sustainability stems from a single principle that "Everything that we need for our survival and well-being depends, either directly or indirectly, on our natural environment” (Sustainability Information). Considering this, it's obvious why we need to make sure we live sustainably and do not damage the source of our resources, our environment.
Due to the fact that birth rates are declining and assuming the aging of the baby-boom generation still the same, there will be some implications on the demographic trend of a pharmaceutical company as well for the home construction industry.
changes over time, it increases with births and immigrants. decreases with deaths and emigration. Below is a diagram that shows a population growth curve. A population growth curve is a graph that shows the growth of a population of organisms over a period of time. [ IMAGE] The lag phase of the graph is a time of slow growth.
The first factor that affects the human population is Fertility, i.e., number of children born. (Brain, 2013, page100).In 1951, the sex ratio of India (number of males per 100 females) was estimated to be 105 to 108 due to the male favoured society at birth and high female feticide. The sex ratio increases to a faster rate for urban areas than rural areas. (Sanyal S.K., 1985, page1130). Fertility varies from socioeconomic groups, more educated are supposed to have less children, thus, less urban population of rural areas than urban areas and it also varies by religion, in India there is an evidence that there is high fertility rate among Muslims than any other major religion. However, fertility differentials occur to the account of differences
Population growth is the change in population over a period of time. It happens due to a number of factors such as standard of living, cultural factors, and government policies. When the standard of living become better such as the improvement of social conditions ( shelter, sanitation, clean water , health care and etc) death rate and birth rate reduce as more people become inclined to have fewer children. As standard of living increases, there will be more immigrants thus an increase in population. Government policies which encourage people to have lesser or more children also has a significant effect on birth rate too.
Rosenberg, M. (2009, October 16). Population growth rates and doubling time. Retrieved April 10, 2012, from About.Com Geography: http://geography.about.com/od/populationgeography/a/populationgrow.htm
Singapore currently has a very low birth rate. Fertility began falling from the 1960s and 70s (Saw, 1980 and Chen, 1977) from a high Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 5.76 in 1960 to a low 1.29 in 2012 and the lowest recorded in 2010 at only 1.15 (Department of Statistics, 2013). This is much lower than the replacement rate of 2.1, which is a worrying concern for the nation. It is a pressing issue which has led to many changes in policies with respect to other issues related to it, such as immigration and ageing population.
An increase in human population can influence our economy. Some of the factors that are affected are unemployment, poverty and the restriction of economic expansion. When the population increases, the cost of health, education, and other areas of urban growth are affected. Unempl...