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The society we live in today experiences severe global inequality and a huge disparity between the rights accorded to all human beings. An increasing polarization between the rich and the poor and the commercialization of health has resulted in a diverse exploitation of individuals. Social structures inflict harm on the lower vulnerable sections of society in the form of physical, psychological, social, and economic damage. The pivotal cause factor for these avoidable structural inequalities is the unequal distribution of power. This phenomenon of structural violence inhabits our society in various forms. Living in today’s world where individuals are increasingly affected by infectious diseases, infertility, organ loss and nerve damage, it …show more content…
Organ transplantation is one form that fits the definition of structural violence best as it is both exploitative and unethical. Organ commodification is seriously exploitative as organs are removed from the bodies of the poor by inflicting a novel form of bioviolence against them. In his article, Moniruzamman demonstrates how selling kidneys causes serious physical, psychological and social harm to the kidney sellers (Moniruzamman, 2012). Bioviolence is evident as it is not only the act of extracting organs from the physical body, but the whole process involved including deception and manipulation that play a role in exploitation of bodies. The narratives of the kidney sellers revealed how the wealthy buyers tricked the poor into selling their kidneys and how the poor were brutally deceived. The kidney sellers’ health deteriorated, their economic conditions worsened, and their social standing declined in a serious manner after they sold their kidneys. The author shows hat as the transplant industry flourishes, the structural violence against the poor becomes widely institutionalized. Kalindi Vora states that the invention of new transplant technologies and the constraints on South Asian workers creates a system where the lower economic classes live to support other people’s lives in the West (Vora, 2008). Nancy Scheper-Hughes also portrays how the lower sections of the society articulate their own ethical and political categories in the face of the consuming demands which value their bodies most when they can be claimed by the state as repositories of spare parts (Scheper-Hughes, 2000). For the transplant specialists, the organs of the poor is a commodity better used than wasted, while the organ can mean so much more to other people. Therefore we see that this bioviolence, particularly for the
Imagine being told that your kidney does not function anymore, and having to wait an average of ten years of waiting for a transplant, and yet being afraid of dealing with the black market for a new organ. Joanna Mackay believes that these lives lost every day can be saved, as said in her essay “Organs Sales Will Save Lives”. MacKay’s purpose is to decriminalize organs sales. The rhetorical strategies used by MacKay are ethos, logos and pathos. These 3 strategies are used to persuade the audience of the benefits that may come to both the donor and the patient if decriminalized.
Satel starts her essay with an appeal to emotion, detailing the shortage of organ transplants and the deaths that result. She emphasizes her personal struggle and desperation over the need of a kidney transplant. Unable to discover a match and dialysis soon approaching, she “wondered about going overseas to become a “transplant tourist”, but getting a black market organ seemed too risky.”(Satel, 128) She argues for a change in the United States donor system policy to mimic the European system of implied consent. Satel also argues for the implementation of an incentive system to compensate donors for their organs, in order to increase the amount of available donors in the system. Her argument has insignificant weaknesses in comparison to her strongly supported and validated points.
Philosophers since the beginning of time have debated over the source and cause of violent tendencies in humans that in turn produce global conflicts, to solve the age old question, man or beast? Global conflict can with out a doubt be completely accredited to the human race, but what are the particular reasons for humans to cause such conflicts? There are many topics that have been argued by philosophers and historians over the connection between the reasons the human race and global conflict. One such topic is the gender based theories and sexual differences of men and women. Others believe that religion, with particular emphasis on monotheistic beliefs, is the major basis of conflict among the human race up to this day. Another important fact to take into consideration when attempting to understand why there is global conflict in the human race; is the significance of individual cultures amongst opposing or simply separated tribes, groups, states, and nations. Lastly, one must consider the physical evidence, for example, figuring out what can be learned about previous prehistoric societies from anthropology and paleontology. The basis of the debate is the nature of mankind; is it in our nature to be like wild animals with a lust to kill with the only difference between us and animals being intelligence, or is it that mankind over the time of existence have developed such things as material goods, religious belief systems, and all different ways of life that are responsible for violence and conflict throughout the history of the world. There is no clear cut answer to why mankind acts in such a way, but one can develop a very strong argument or theory which includes and relat...
Society tends to turn a blind eye towards majorly inhumane activities. One such activity that is overlooked is organ trafficking. The fictional novel Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro covers the lives of children who were cloned specifically to give their organs for non-clones to live. The article “Not properly human”: literary and cinematic narratives about human harvesting” by Henriette Roos explores the reality of human organ trafficking and how people who want the organs believe the act is normal and acceptable. As inhumane as each circumstance is, the people of the outside world who utilize the organs try to validate the victimization through word choice, daily lifestyle behavior, and stereotypical acceptances.
Since the first day they met, everyone knew that Katie and Ted would stay together forever. He was always telling everyone how he loved her and that she was the perfect wife and mother. However, behind closed doors was another story. Ted was not a kind man in “his” house, he was verbally abusive and constantly accusing Katie of cheating on him. These fits of rage were promptly followed by flowers and apologies. Katie was abused by Ted, however, she did love him and he did promise never to hurt her again.
This was a case study regarding Afghani refugees, who moved to the United States. The Afghani refugees were unprepared when they decided to come to this country. They have different customary practices of living, which is different from the United States. Some of the refugees had lived nomadic lives prior to coming to this country, so the use of things like bathroom facilities were unfamiliar to them. Not only were they having difficulties with the new amenities, they were having a difficult time understanding the laws in this country.
Everyone experiences anger at some point in their life. We all have those topics that if it gets brought up we automatically go into our defense mood, whether it be sex, religion or politics . We all have had those skeletons in our closets that we don’t like to bring out. Commonly anger and aggression are used together but they aren’t the same thing according to the Interpersonal Conflict textbook, “Anger differs from aggression is an attack whereas anger is the feeling connected to a perceived unfairness or injustice. Anger can help people set boundaries when they need to be set and to right wrongs.”
Is there a biological basis for violent behavior in the brain? Recent research links "neurological impairments and psychoses" to violent behavior (1).
The uncontainable despair of the weeping and screaming parents entering a room full of body bags containing the altered remains of their children. In a room drained with blood and surrounding fridges for the maintenance of the ejected organs, everything seems miserably surreal(“Children Kidnapped for Their Organs”). This is only one of the discovered cases of the daily dozens of people killed for organ harvestation. Adding up to ten thousand illegal operations in 2012 which translates to hourly sales (Samadi). These abhorrent acts add up as crimes against humanity which are triggered by a numerous amount of reasons; in order to stop these constant atrocities we must uncover the root of the causes.
Who are the victims of structural violence? Often these victims are considered to be members of a low economic class. This does not necessarily mean they live in poverty. It is a miscomprehension that only people in third world countries or that the developing world is the only place we find structural violence. This violence happens in almost every country, the only reason we do not see it is (a) tha...
United Nation (1993) Declaration on the elimination of violence against women: proceedings from the United Nation world conference on Human Rights G.A. res. 48/104, 48 GAOR Supp.(No. 49) at 217, Doc. A/48/49.https://www.unfpa.org/swp/2005/english/notes/page3.htm Accessed on April 2014
Violence against women: a ‘global health problem of epidemic proportions’ 20 JUNE 2013 | GENEVA
Violence. Just mentioning the word conjures up many images of assault, abuse, and even murder. Violence is a broad subject with many categories. Some types of violence are terrorist violence and domestic violence. Violence can arise from many different sources; these sources whether biological, cultural, and social all can evoke violent behavior. All cultures experience some sort of violence, and this paper considers violence as a cultural phenomenon across a range of various settings. Violence plays a part in both Islamic and Indian cultures according to the articles “Understanding Islam” and “Rising Dowry Deaths” by Kenneth Jost and Amanda Hitchcock, respectively. From an anthropological perspective, violence emphasizes concerns of meaning, representation and symbolism.
Violence against women appeared from a long time ago and happened in every country. It caused pain in both mental and physical for women. There were so many people trying to stop this problem but it was still not completely fixed. There are many reasons that lead to this issue all over the world. After many surveys and investigations, we realized that the main reason is Discrimination and Unequal power. Some legends and stories in the past made people think men’s role is more important than women’s role in society. And because men are stronger, more active than women so they can do more work. This also makes people think men deserve more rights than women. They soon forced on human’s mind that men are also...
Violence and abuse affect women from all kinds of backgrounds every day. It is a burden on numerous sectors of the social system. It costs nations fortunes in terms of law enforcement, healthcare, lost labor and general progress in development. Violence against women includes intimate partner violence and sexual violence which are the major violations against women’s rights. There is an unequal position of women relative to men in our society. Use of violence is considered normative to resolve conflicts. The UN Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women states that: “violence against women is a manifestation of historically unequal powers between men and women”.