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The bestiality debate
Why bestiality
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Unit 1 Assignment- Bestiality in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth Century Sweden The relationship between peasants and bestiality is a complicated history that has many aspects and contradictions to it. In Jonas Liliequist’s article “Peasants against Nature: Crossing the Boundaries between Man and Animal in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth- Century Sweden,” Liliequist endeavors to explain why there were so many males involved with bestiality. Liliequist suggests that the staggering quantity of people caught engaging in this act, though aware of its punishment as a capital crime, was inevitable and somewhat of a logical course of action for males of this time period given their circumstances. Bestiality, the use of an animal for sexual needs and desires has long been seen as unthinkable in modern society, but the act has been controversial for centuries. Bestiality, also known as buggery, was considered unnatural sex, along with homosexual relations, coitus interruptus, many other positions and sexual acts. In western Christian tradition, bestiality was seen as a direct insult to the hierarchy that was set forth by God for his creations and was incorporated into the medieval canon law. The crime of bestiality also made its way into written law through secular legislature in western Europe, and was made a capital crime in Sweden in the provincial laws of the late thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and was added to the national law codex of 1422 (Liliequist 57-58). Folklore and myths had told stories about humans and animals, and their mixed relations for centuries and continued to be told in sixteenth century Sweden. The Christian religions did not believe these stories to be innocent, and as Christianity grew, these stories w... ... middle of paper ... ...servants of the household would stop drinking the milk of the cow thinking it would avert contamination of the devil into the household. Due to the poor digging up animal carcasses and eating them, it later became mandatory to burn the animal carcass at a stake (Liliequist 72). Liliequist’s argument as to why bestiality occurred in seventeenth- and eighteenth century Sweden was exceedingly persuasive due to the amount of primary source documents, trial records, and evaluations from other scholars. Liliequist’s argument that the culture in Sweden at the time was prone to bestiality was solid, with environmental, biological, physiological, and historical reasons as to why it occurred in such a manner. Males were not directly trying sin against God or break the law; they were merely curious and had needs that they felt were satisfied through the act of bestiality.
In Anne Orthwood’s Bastard: Sex and Law in Early Virginia, John Pagan sets out to examine the complexities of the legal system on the Eastern Shore in the seventeenth- century. He brings to light the growing differences between the English and Virginia legal systems. Pagan, an early American legal historian at the University of Richmond School of Law, spins a tragic story on the legalities surrounding an instance of out-of-wedlock pregnancy. Indentured servant Anne Orthwood’s brief encounter with a man of higher social standing produced a series of four court cases. Pagan examines each case and persons involved, vividly connecting each case to larger themes of social class, gender, labor, and economic power.
In Malory’s famous account of the King Arthur legend, the most notable example of woman as destructive sexual temptation is, of course, Queen Guinevere. Sir Lancelot’s affair wi...
Vanger is not an isolated example; numerous times in this Swedish novel do misogynistic and sadist examples appear. Nor does the book portray an isolated culture of sadists in Sweden, as is evidenced by Lisbeth Salander who says that, “by the time she was 18…did not know a single girl who at some point had not been forced to perform some sort of sexual act against her will” (Larsson 228).
No doubt deviant sex is almost as old as the race. There are few innovations in moral weakness. What is new is the homosexual ideology which has made devastating inroads into the Church from the ambient culture. One is made to believe that recalling the Church's teaching is an uncharitable act and that the Christian thing to do is to act as if sodomy were as normal as marital sex. Of course it is scarcely a defense of homosexuality to point out that many people commit sexual sins. The tu quoque here is singularly inappropriate. We began with the observation that we are all sinners. The question is, what next?
Sexuality is a subject that has changed over times, the idea of sexuality and sex shifted from one view to another as people began to enforce different views in society. At the beginning of the 17th century there was little need for secrecy about sexuality and sexual practices as the idea was an open topic that could be discussed freely in society. Adult humour was not kept from children and ideas were open to all (Foucault and Hurley, 2008). However this times in society changed due to the power of the Victorian bourgeoisie. Sex and sexuality became confined and moved into the privacy of the home. People no longer spoke freely about it and secrecy became key (Foucault and Hurley, 2008).
R. 1966, p 5). Even though in the early time of the history, the Roman church has greatly influenced the society and the western view the tradition sexual morality. But as the rise of social scientist, more scientific researches and questions are raised and our society today seek for more freedom. Many of us start to have a different view and standard on sexual morality.
Lea, John. "Sexual Violence in Nineteenth Century England." Sexual Violence in the Georgian Era. John Lea, 2004. Web. 18 Feb. 2014.
The article “Spousal Abuse” discusses that Victorian perception of religion, domestic principles, and laws allows men to justify “wife-beating.” Domestic violence during Victorian times is mainly attributed to the idea that the man is the ruler in all worlds. The man’s responsibility of being a protector is the main idea in contributing to domestic violence.
Homosexual relationships can be traced back throughout history and in every civilization. The ancient Greeks in particular were well noted for homosexuality being an integral part of everyday life. “The secret of Greek homosexuality has only ever been a secret to those who neglected to inquire. The Greeks themselves were hardly coy about it”(Davidson, J. 2007). Famous authors such as Plato, Xenophon, Herodotus and Athenaeums all explored this subject in their writing. A modern day writer Thomas K Hubbard, has translated the most important primary texts on homosexuality in ancient Greece and Rome into modern, English and collected together a comprehensive sourcebook. Here we get a true glimpse into the past of the daily lives of the ancient Greeks and homosexuality was not only perfectly normal, it was a huge part of society.
Medieval Christianity , which forms the substance of Puritanism, has its basis in the dogma of ‘ Original Sin’. Eve, as a result of the act of her disobedience, was the first sinner and all the human beings who follow, inherit the guilt of that sin. This is how the human life assumes the dimension of tragedy. Commenting on the result of the sinful ingratitude of God’s creatures, Mr Batro...
To conclude, homosexuality is a vastly complex and intricate topic with thousands of components. Many scientists suspect that the root causes of homosexuality are more varied and complex than just one simple explanation. However, it is irrefutable that the facts and the science will not change to support opinions.
In today’s society marital rape, acquaintance rape, and stranger rape, is a huge crime all around the world. There is a difference between marital rape, acquaintance rape, and stranger rape. Martial rape is when a spouse forces you to have sexual intercourse without ones consent, and it is expected that the wife does her “duty” as a wife to have sex with her husband. An acquaintance rape is with someone that you just met, or dated in the past, or even a fiancé. Stranger rape occurs when someone that you’ve never met forces sexual intercourse upon someone without consent. Because of our patriarchal society, marital rape has become an accepted and overlooked part of society. Whether rape is a crime of sex, sexism or dominance, it is a serious crime and must not be taken lightly. The effects that it has on the individual getting assaulted are not only physical, but mentally damaging.
Choosing a sexual preference is considered one of the biggest decisions of one’s life. Among the human race, heterosexuality (the attraction to persons of the opposite sex) is considered normal. However, over the years, homosexuality (the attraction to persons of the same sex) has become more common. The origin of homosexuality dates back as far as the 5th century B.C. Homosexuality became very popular in ancient Greece. The Greeks approved of same-sex relationships. When homosexuality first became popular though, the relationships were rarely sexual. Most relationships were usually between older men and younger boys. These relationships were more of courtship rituals than anything. In other parts of the world though, homosexuality was kept a secret among couples for many years. Unbelievably, it is still hidden today. It is kept a secret because in society, homosexuality is not considered normal. Therefore, to avoid being judged, ridiculed and belittled, homosexuality is conducted in secrecy. Over the years however, homosexuals have grown tired of not being able to do what they believe in, when and where they pleased. Many homosexuals began to fight for their rights to do as they pleased. What non-supporters of homosexuality thought or said about homosexuals no longer affected the homosexual community. Although many people still disagree with homosexuality, our society today has begun to accept homosexuals as a norm.
Homosexuality has been the topic of constant conflict today. Homosexuality is defined as, a romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender. In addition, homosexuality has been accepted more today, however, it is still frowned upon by many. Consequently, there are many challenges on the views of homosexuality. Some may think that this is an abnormal behavior, to have an attraction to the same sex. On the contrary, there are many who defend that the feelings that homosexual has, are feelings that are normal, not to mention, homosexuals believe that they were in fact born this way. Furthermore, in this essay, it will look at the challenges that are presented on this topic, and look at the conflict that is between society, homosexuals, and the church.
Sexual orientation is the preferred term used when referring to an individual's physical and or emotional attraction to the same and or opposite sex. Heterosexual, bisexual, homosexual and pansexual are all sexual orientations. An individual's gender identity and expression is distinct from their sexual orientation. Throughout life as the individual explores the world around them, they are shaped by the unique experiences and influences that are imparted upon them. All people experience life subjectively therefore there is no monolithic way of viewing or defining one’s sexual identity, however, there are particular experiences that may shape and develop specific characteristics or tendencies that a group of people may share. Andrew Sullivan addresses this very issue in his 1995 book, Virtually Normal: An Argument about Homosexuality. In the prologue, titled “What is a Homosexual?” Sullivan ponders what exactly composes a homosexual life and why certain environmental factors are fundamental and exclusive to the homosexual experience. He sees self-control/subjugation as a crucial part of all human experience, however, he considers the homosexual (more broadly, the LGBTQ) experience to be unique in that early on they learn to make sexual/emotional distinctions out of a need for survival. They learn to function within the parameter of certain social rules in order to blend and eventually this becomes a sort of second nature that is hard to break.