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Conformity in our society
Conformity in our society
Conformity in our society
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The Beat poets are known for their rejection of traditional ideals of societal behaviour, making the Beat platform ideal for artists who wish not to conform to common principles in North American culture. Artists such as Leonard Cohen, whose art was deeply influenced by the freedom that the Beat generation offered. Leonard Cohen translates Beat influences in his poetry through the criticism of the conformist ideology that dictated North American society in the mid to late twentieth century. Beat poetry is non-conformist both in the content it offers and the way in which the content is organized in stylistic manner. Free verse, which Cohen is fond of in his poetry, is quite common amongst Beat poets because this device allows for a more open …show more content…
Beat poets actively rejected conformity both in the style of poetry that they used and the content they presented to the reader. Focusing on topics not much discussed before, such as sex, drugs and spirituality, the Beat movement became a platform for non conformist ideology, and for breaking the boundaries of what was considered to be abnormal or deviant. One of the essential topics of discussion in the Beat poetry aesthetic is the exploration of religious cultural understandings in the postmodernist North American society. Although much of the poets who came before the Beat movement distanced themselves from exploration of religious philosophy as much as possible, in an attempt to modernize their art, postmodernist artists such as Ginsberg reverted back to the examination of this topic. This being more of a spiritual return more than conservatism. Beat poetry marked a new wave in spirituality and examination of religious and cultural heritage. This allowed for a new understanding of the way in which society functioned in relation to religious cultural identity. Cohen has focused much of his poetry on the cultural and religious influences of his ancestors. He does this in his poem titled “The Genius”, where he explores stereotypical
For many, poems are thought of as words on a page that rhyme or have different poetic elements. Most do not think of a song when they hear “poem.” Although many think this way, I’ve decided to show that songs are poems and one song in particular. Hallelujah by Leonard Cohen. I'll be explaining that because it has historical allusions, biblical allusions, figurative language, and imagery, it is a great example of a poem. The only difference here is that it has music.
The bebop revolution coincided with the birth of the Beat Generation. In a slightly unbalanced relationship, Beat writers often molded their poetics and style after the playing of such jazz music. "Jazz writers," such as Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg, upheld their poetic ideals to the techniques of jazz musicians, such as rhythm, improvisation, and call and response. The structure of creative writing underwent a change, as the importance of form equaled that of theme.
Throughout the words and the lives of the Beat Generation, one theme is apparent: America, everywhere from Allen Ginsberg’s “America,” to Jack Kerouac’s love for Thomas Wolfe. Although the views of America differ, they all find some reason to focus in on this land. Ginsberg, in his poem “America,” makes a point that not many of us can see as obvious: “It occurs to me that I am America. I am talking to myself again.” Each and every one of us make up America, and when we complain about something that is wrong, we are complaining about ourselves. Being raised by his mother as a Communist, and being homosexual, Ginsberg found many things wrong with America, and he does his fare share of complaining, but at the end he decides, “America I’m putting my queer shoulder to the wheel.” Ginsberg didn’t want to sit and watch everything go wrong. He was going to do something, despite the fact that he was not the ideal American.
... Without the authors William Burroughs, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Allen Ginsberg, and Jack Kerouac, the Beats would not have been nearly as memorable. Their views on homosexuality, drugs, religion, and politics were considered radical and even revolutionary for the time period. It gave them a longevity that would only be matched by the restless individuals of the 1960s individuals influenced directly by the Beat philosophy. The Beat Generation single-handedly paved the path to future waves of counter-culture.
Therefore, when Michaels considers poetry, he states that it necessarily must “occupy. the place not only of a modern but also of a distinctively American aesthetic” (76), and thus “insofar as the point of the poem is to be itself. and insofar as the self [that] the poem must be is American. the material poetic of embodiment [becomes] matched by the desire to embody America” (76). Consequently, Michaels insists that the “conditions of identity in poetry are the same as the conditions of identity in nationality” (165), and therefore poetry, and American modernist literature in general, effectively and uniquely conveys the identitarianism “that constitutes in nativism the very meaning of nationality” (83).
Allen Ginsberg confessed the intention to “defy the system of academic poetry, official reviews, New York publishing machinery, national sobriety and generally accepted standards to good taste” (qtd. in Tyler Hoffman 128). These were the poet’s answers to decay and disillusion. The technique used to deny the tradition was similar to the Dadaist approach by using spontaneity as a method of composition. Ginsberg, being part of the Beat movement, tried to establish a new tradition, and a new perspective regarding the world, all carefully wrapped in a less academic view. They had “A profound love of poetry, a belief in the vitality and integrity of
Poetry is one of the deepest emotional expressions in the written world. Vilém Flusser writes in his article, “poetry is usually understood as a language game whose strategy is to creatively enlarge the universe of languages. This universe becomes poetically broader and deeper through the manipulation of words and sentences, the modulation of linguistic functions, a game with the meanings of words and sentences, rhythmic and melodic modulation of phonemes” (71). Not only does poetry express emotion and feeling in a unique manner, but it in many cases also delves deeply into the author’s cultural background. Yusef Komunyakaa makes this clear in his poem “Untitled Blues.” Composed in 1984, this poem exemplifies the unique conditions of an African American male living in the city of New Orleans. “Untitled Blues” epitomizes the themes of injustice and music within
Born June 3, 1926, Allen Ginsberg is known as one of the most influential poets of the Beats Generation. With his forward political views and content that pushed limits, he was always working toward equality for the all. Ginsberg is considered to have “[grown] up in a conventional and uneventful fashion,” with politically active parents as an influence (Lewis, Critical Survey of Poetry). It is no mere coincidence that as he continued to grow, he also became involved with politics. Many of his poems tend to address issues that Ginsberg did not agree with. It is said that many of Ginsberg’s poems have something to do with what has influenced his life. They are considered to have some autobiographical elements.
Leonard Cohen’s life has been a bohemian enigma of a ravenous lover, the “poet laureate of pessimism” who is not afraid to color the world with reality and present his painting as it is: naked and true (Nadel 1). The depth of his voice accompanying his “music to slit your wrists by” makes his unbearable charm of a Byronic hero all the more appealing (Nadel 1). And what is it that heroes always lament about? A fair lady.
The Beat Generation was not only a literary movement, but a cultural movement. It promoted expression, experimentation and finding yourself as an individual. In an era that exemplified compliance and placed a copious amount of pressure to obey social norms, the Beat Generation was a beacon of light for
During the 1950’s, a group of young American writers began to openly oppose societal norms in favor of other radical beliefs. These writers believed in ideas such as spiritual and sexual liberation, decriminalization of drugs, and opposition to industrialism as well as consumerism (Parkins). Over time, these writers became known as the Beat Generation and created the Beat Movement. Among the members of this rebellious group was the infamous Allen Ginsberg, who is considerably one of the most influential poets of his time. By utilizing tools like imagery, allusions, and symbols, Allen Ginsberg’s “A Supermarket in California” discusses themes such as consumerism, sexuality, and alienation, which reflect Ginsberg’s personal beliefs and desire for change.
To answer the question from the beginning, we don’t know who Leonard Cohen really was and this is why Cohen is such a talented and amazing songwriter because he was able to keep his true self a secret from the media for over 50 years. Cohen’s personas and the mystery surrounding him made him into someone that people wanted to know and understand, which is why he continued to write songs from the perspectives of different personas rather than base his songs off of his own personal
The Beat generation was a subculture of upheaval and a unique literary rebellion against the society at large. The members of this movement presented their ideals through new approaches to classic literature. Those who participated in the Beat Generation shared many of the same ideals often overlapping in thought and progressive activity. Howl acts as an encyclopedia for beat ideals. The poem set the standard for many, revealing subconscious ideas that most hadn’t confronted.
The Beat Generation: A Cultural Revolution In the 1950's, society's prudish view on art was drastically altered. If not for this era, art (literature, music, and fashion) would not be as exceptional as it is today. Prior to the beat generation, the conformists of America censored everything; freedom of expression was unheard of. The Beat Generation, blooming in the 1950's, inspired a group of people whose unparalleled creativity shaped the worlds definition of art today.
Sociological criticism emphasizes the political, economic, and cultural aspects of literature, and one of its main focuses is evaluating writing from a Marxist perspective, which examines the writing in mostly political and economic fashion, including ideas such as communism and social inequality. The idea of class oppression is clearly represented in many of William Blake’s writings. Blake’s opposition to the exploitation of the proletariat by the capitalists is obvious in many of his poems. Blake’s ideology of an equalitarian society could be described in the sayings of Karl Marx. Marxist criticism explains the reasons behind Blake’s anger towards social inequality. Poems like “The Chimney Sweeper” and “London” illustrate Blake’s despairing sadness towards the phenomena produced by the unjust inequality in 18th century England. In “The Chimney Sweeper,” Blake expresses his anger at the late 18th and 19th century's use of child labor in urban England. In “London,” Blake illustrates the depressing class oppression that could be easily seen through the streets of London.