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The protcetion of down syndrome
The protcetion of down syndrome
Introduction to down syndrome
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Babies with Down syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21, which changes how the brain and body develops. The additional genetic material alter the course of the child’s life. What I mean by that is it totally changes the way that they function. Some of the disabilities of Down syndrome include: physical learning problems, speech is harder to understand, or speech delay. Development for a child with Down syndrome involves delayed development, learning disability, or a short stature. People with Down syndrome have different characteristics than others, some of them include: flattened face, almond shaped eyes that slant up, small mouth, misplaced tongue (may stick out of mouth), tiny white spots on the Iris, short neck, small hands and feet, small ears that may fold over at the top, low …show more content…
Roughly about 1 in 700 babies are born with Down syndrome. As you get older the risk of having a baby with Down syndrome increases. If you already had a baby with Down syndrome, your chance of having another increases with each pregnancy. A person with Down syndrome may live 60 years or more. People with Down syndrome have a single deep crease across the middle of their palm. This is formed by the fusion of the two palmar creases. The two palmar creases are known as the “heart line” and the “head line”. To figure out if your baby has Down syndrome they are a variety of tests you can do which take place about 9-13 weeks into your pregnancy. The first test you can do is called screening tests which figures out the likelihood of the mother carrying a baby with Down syndrome. The next test is diagnostic tests which identity if your baby has Down syndrome or not. Mayoclinic.org states that, “This blood test measures the levels of pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPPA-A) and the pregnancy hormone known as human chronic gonadotropin (HCG)”. Unusual levels of PAPP-A and HCG may show a problem with the
“About 13 of every 10,000 babies born in the United States each year is born with Down syndrome. It affects an equal number of male and female babies” (Johnson P. A. 2014). Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that found across the world, however it is more prevalent in the United States. The cause of the disorder roots to the paring of the human chromosomes. A normal human receives 23 pairs of chromosomes, each pair coming from mother and father. In Down syndrome most people affected have an abnormal cell division of the chromosome. Both parents are carriers of the There are three types of variations that includes trisomy 21, mosaic, and translocation.
Any child can be born with Down syndrome, which could include your child. Many people don’t really down what Down syndrome is. Around the entire world not many really know what Down syndrome really is and the importance of it. Down syndrome has different causes that one should know about. There are many different types of health issues with Down syndrome. Down syndrome defines all the causes and the different health issues that Down syndrome holds.
An individual who has Down syndrome can be recognized as different from others since he or she have different physical features, but the question is, what causes individuals to have deformed face, little different features than someone who does not have Down syndrome? The reason some individuals are born with Down syndrome is because of an extra chromosome, this chromosome, which carries number 21. It is also known as Trisomy 21. Having this sort of disability, does not truly affect their life in a way they are not able to live, but it affects their cognitive levels, their physical growth of the child with Down syndrome. As the mother goes for an ultra sound, doctors can detect that the child within the mother’s womb has Down syndrome. (1) Mothers over age 35 have higher risk of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome, and 1 in every 1,000 women at the age of 30. In addition, in every 100 women, who age 40 there is a mother has a child with this case. As woman ages there is a higher chance of conceiving a child with Down syndrome than a woman who is in her mid-20s or younger. (2) This essay will highlight the effects and supports of Down syndrome in children.
A child who has Down Syndrome will have exclusive individual characteristics which they have inherited from their parents. The child may resemble their father, mother, grandmother, or aunt. This is true not only for their outward appearance but also for their temperament and physical and intellectual abilities. Children with Down Syndrome have different traits, for instance some can be easy-going while other are stubborn, some may like music while others show no interest. matter what, each of these children are unique and special in their own way.
Children born to older parents are at greater risk for genetic abnormalities, such as Down syndrome. No one knows what causes the chromosomal abnormality that results in Down syndrome, a condition according to the National Association for Down syndrome, affects one in 800 to 1,000 babies in the United States. Any woman regardless of her culture, race and socio-economic status can have a baby with Down syndrome. However, a mother’ age seems to be a unifying factor among children with Down syndrome. Older women have a greater chance of giving birth to a baby with Down syndrome, and the risks increases with every passing year. The National Association for Down syndrome estimates the chance of having a baby with Down syndrome to be as follows:
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder, associated with the presence of an extra chromosome. Downs is characterized by mild to severe mental impairment, weak muscle tone, shorter stature, and a flattened face. Down syndrome is not a very common disease, one in every 691 children are born with Down syndrome. The disability is an illness that people are born with and is not contagious. Most people with Downs have a life expectancy of about 40 or 50 years of age. They only live for that short amount of time because they begin to develop a similar disease to Alzheimer’s. “100% of people with Down syndrome will develop some physiologic signs of Alzheimer’s when they are over 35 years old in the U.S” (Statistics about Down Syndrome). They also die earlier because having Down syndrome increases the risk of leukemia 15-20 times in the US. Therefore most people with Downs will die because of leukemia or heart problems before the age of 50.
Down syndrome, a genetic disorder, is the most common cause for intellectual disabilities, occurring at an average of one out of every 700 births (CDS, 2006). This disorder is caused by the extra chromosome 21 (also known as Trisomy 21). According to Hassold and Sherman (2002), the probability of giving birth to a child with DS is not linked to any race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status or geographic location. Maternal age seems to be the only etiological factor that may cause DS.
crease, slightly flattened facial profile, an upward slant to the eyes, small mouth, and protruding
There appears to be a gene-dose effect where having an extra chromosome 21 gives an individual a higher chance of developing Alzheimer's disease. (Newton, 1992). A significant amount of research has been conducted on Down syndrome, in particular many methods to detect Down syndrome in fetuses have been developed. This is a controversial issue for researchers and for families who have Down syndrome children and adults. The following is a discussion of some of the detection methods for Down syndrome, and the facilities in which they were developed.
Prenatal tests show the possibility of a child having a genetic disorder, such as Down Syndrome which leads many parents to choose abortion. When it comes to prenatal testing there are many different testing options. Screening tests for example, which are the first tests that are done on the fetus. During the first ten to thirteen weeks of a pregnancy, a woman can get a first trimester screening done. This is an ultrasound and maternal blood test that tests for the genes of Down Syndrome and Trisomy 18. In a first trimester screening, a result of 1/50 means a woman has a 2% chance of having a baby with a chromosome disorder (The Facts on Prenatal Testing). The next testing window is the fifteenth – twentieth week of pregnancy. This is a Quad screening and consists of a maternal blood test the looks for Down Syndrome, Trisomy 1, and neural tube defects in the fetus. In this test there is a 5% false positive rate (The Facts on Prenatal Testing). Lastly, in the screening test options is the anatomy ultrasound, which is done eighteenth-twenty-second weeks into pregnancy. This screening is an ultrasound that assesses for birth defects. Screening tests are non-invasive and therefore leave very few negative impacts on the fetus. The majority of this paper will focus on the more invasive tests, such as diagnostic tests.
For testing for prenatal genetics, the doctor or mother wants to "determine if a fetus has genetic abnormalities likely to cause physical or mental impairments" (520 Vaughn ). If a mother is over the age of 35, the odds of her having a child with Down syndrome is greater than a mother who is in her 20s. Genetic testing is also performed when there are inherited genetic disorders in the family history or "when ancestry or ethnicity suggests a greater chance of particular genetic disorders like tay-sachs. 520 .... ... middle of paper ...
To all parents, a newborn child is a small miracle, perfect and beautiful in every way. However, in many situations the parents of these miracles learn that their children are “not normal.” Every year 6,000 parents across the country are informed that their child has a genetic disorder called Down Syndrome (“National Down Syndrome Society,” n.d.). Within a matter of minutes parents learn that children with Down Syndrome can also have a variety of other conditions and disorders, will not develop in the same way that other children do, and may even have a shorter life span. However, children with Down Syndrome are happy-go-lucky children with a kind disposition and a wonderful personality. Also known as Trisomy 21, Down Syndrome does not mean the end of a child’s life; it simply means that a child with Down Syndrome will lead a life that is different than that of his or her peers. With love and support from parents, educators, and medical professions these children can become some of the most wonderful people that one will ever meet. Down Syndrome is a genetic disorder that has its own symptoms, occurs during the process of mitosis, and is often connected with other medical conditions; however, with the help of new technology and medical professionals Down syndrome is recognized earlier and those with the condition can lead longer, healthier lives.
You will be told to have an 11-13 weeks scan .In this scan ,markers for chromosomal abnormalities like Nasal bone, Nuchal; translucency(fluid behind the neck) ,blood flow through the liver(Ductus venosus) , Tricuspid regurgitation alongwith Length of the baby and heart rate will be studied .In the expert hands you will be shown the structure of the baby from head to toe. At the end you will be counselled whether you are a low risk or high risk for getting a baby with chromosomal abnormalities(especially Down
Intellectual and developmental problems range from mild to moderate and some are healthy. Also problems with thinking and learning are common. Poor judgment, short attention span, impulsive behavior, and delayed language and speech development are all behavioral problem. Others have severe health problems like serious heart defects. Not all children with Down syndrome have the same features. Some common features are: flattened facial features, small head, short neck, poor muscle tone, short height, etc. Breastfeeding from tongue and mouth abnormalities can be difficult. Conductive hearing loss due to ear abnormalities; 66-89% of Down syndrome people have some level of hearing loss in at least one ear. About 3-13% of them have seizures. Also 40 to 50% of children with Down syndrome have congenital heart defects in the United States (“association for children”). Infants with Down syndrome maybe average size but grow slowly and remain shorter than other children the same
Another technology that has been around for a while is the general ultrasound. In the article by Jennifer Wang she states, “The risk of a patient having a fetus with Down syndrome can be assessed non-invasively using fetal markers seen on ultrasound.