Antonie Phillips Van Leeuwenhoek, the father of microbiology is one of the most influential people of science; But how and why? Philips Teunisz a and Margriete Jacobsdr Van De Berch married on January 30, 1622, In Delft Netherlands. They had their first child Antonie Philips Van Leeuwenhoek on October 24, 1632. Philips and Margriete had six more children , but before Antonie turned six years old two of his sisters and his father Philip died, leaving his mother to raise five children by her self. Margriete remarried to a man named Jacob Molijn on December 18, 1640; When they married Jacob sent Antonie to boarding school in Warmound, Leiden. This is the only know education to Leeuwenhoek. When Antonie was six-teen his step-father Philip died and Antonie was sent to live with his Uncle in Amsterdam. In 1653 Leeuwenhoek got an apprenticeship for a Scottish linen draper, Antonie was hired as a bookkeeper and casher, he held this position for five years. On July 11, 1654 Antonie returned to Delft and married Berber De Mey, they had five children together but four died in infancy. Also in 1654 Leeuwenhoek purchased a woolen shop in Delft. Antonie and Berber were married for twelve short years before Berber died in 1666, although Antonie was heart broken he decided to remarry a woman named Cornelia Swalmius in 1671, they had no know children together. In 1653 Leeuwenhoek made his first microscope, a simple microscope like a magnifying glass used by textile merchants to count threads. The day he made his first Leeuwenhoek soon discovered it wouldn't be his last and just like that he opened a door to the small yet magnificent wonders of the world. As Antonie discovered his new hobby he also discovered that it wasn't a cheap hobby, s...
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...d that it was infact made up of sells and came from spawn. Leeuwenhoek was also the first scientist of his time to discover what was said to be ant poop was in fact ant pupae. Before Leeuwenhoek past away on August 26 1723, he was visited by many great people in that time including Peter I of Russia, James II of England, and Fredrick II of Prussia. After Antonie Philips Van Leeuwenhoek died his daughter was entitled to everything that Antonie owned, she donated all of his microscoped and specimens; The list consisted of 250 finished microscopes, 200 mounted species, and a 26 piece box set made of pure silver. Antonie's daughter donated everything to the the Royal Society of England. Leeuwenhoek was advanced for his time and helped mold what science is today, and because of all he has discovered in his life it has made him deserve the name the father of microbiology.
The definition of the greatest scientist could be interpreted many ways. One of the many ways it could be seen as is someone with assiduous work habits who has made not just ephemeral contributions to the scientific community, but discoveries that have lasted through time and are still remembered to date. Dedication to one’s work and being diligent is a key part of anyone with such great success, especially scientists who must test and retest their theories. A scientist whose findings are significant enough to be remembered years later should be considered great, and in 1822, an intelligent boy under the name of Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, France. As he aged, he developed into one of the most brilliant scientists in all of history. He died at the age of 72, but not before making several astounding contributions to the scientific world (“Louis Pasteur”). Although some of his research could be considered controversial, Louis Pasteur was the greatest scientist in European history because of his advanced discoveries, the recognition he received for his work, and the way he and his work have affected modern science.
Apfeldorf’s article “Uncovering a Tiny World” discusses Hooke’s book which is known for its microscopic illustrations of insects and microbes that Hooke had drawn as he viewed them under the microscope. His elaborate drawings of tiny objects and insects were the scientific evidence that supported his claims of the significant value of the microscope to science and the many ways it could be used. The book also contained a description of how to make a powerful microscope with a spherical lens, much like Leeuwenhoek’s glass pearls. Leeuwenhoek traveled to England that same year and is believed to have obtained a copy of Hooke’s book and
...nto the new world of medicine. The basic function of a cell has gained a new function which can provide a pathway of exploring ideas and concepts relating to the mutation of cells. If we are able to determine the specific time and place a cell is transported then, we can surely mutate the cell to prevent the spread of terminal diseases. The Nobel Prize winners truly deserve this prestigious award. After decades of intensive, tedious and tiresome studying they were able to uncover a mystery of the human body which now opens many doors to new studies that would be beneficial to society.
In 1907, Oswald took a job at Hoagland Laboratory. Hoagland was the first bacterial laboratory that was private owned by the United States. While working there most of his research was centered around different strands of bacterial and their immunological reactions. Avery`s clinical study on tuberculosis bacterium drew the attention of the director of the Rockefeller Institute Hospital which later resulted in a job offer for Oswald. After joining Rockefeller Institute, he began a study on Streptococcus Pneumococci. Through this study Avery was able to classify different types of Pneumococci and found that he could stimulate the production of anti-bodies. Avery began to believe that the Pneumonia
...ing sealed his place in history with the discovery of lysozyme, it was his discover of Penicillin in 1928 that started the revolution of antibiotics and sealed his lasting reputation within the medical world. In 1945, Fleming was recognized for his achievements and he reached the Nobel Prize for Physiology. On March 11, 1955, Fleming died in London, England. (Brown, 2013)
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was a scientist and was best known for his contributions to microbiology; he received the title of "the Father of Microbiology” and dedicated many years of his life to improve the microscope in order to attain incredible heights of precision of the microscopic lenses. He produced magnifications from up to 275X, with a resolving power of up to 1.4 µm. Moreover, he presented his findings from the material of animals and vegetables in extraordinary detail as well as being the first to observe a glimpse of bacteria that he found in water; the first illustration of the bacteria is demonstrated in a representation by Leeuwenhoek in the 1683 “Philosophical Transactions” publication. In this publication, Leeuwenhoek wrote to the Royal Society about his observations of the inside of an old man’s mouth. He found "an unbelievably great company of living animalcules [Latin for ‘little animals’], a-swimming more nimbly than any I had ever seen up to this time. The biggest sort... bent their body into curves in going forwards. . . Moreover, the other animalcules were in such enormous numbers, that all the water... seemed to be alive." These were among the first observations on living bacteria ever recorded.
The German bacteriologist Paul Ehrlich made important advances to the world of medicine. He is best remembered for his development of the arsenic compound number 606, which was used as a treatment of syphilis. As a Nobel Prize Winner and an honored scientist, fellow scientists and doctors praise Paul Ehrlich for his contributions. Ehrlich led a wonderful and intriguing life, which is greatly admired.
...medicine such as stereochemistry, microbiology, bacteriology, virology, immunology, and molecular biology. Moreover, his work has protected millions of people from disease through vaccination and pasteurization.
Hooke was the first to present a depiction or a microorganism, and it is believed to have inspired Leeuwenhoek to be the first to view live microorganisms under a microscope. Their amazing breakthrough in microbiology was hardly accepted, since at the time many still believed in spontaneous generation. It took nearly 150 years for microbiology to really take off. Thanks to people like Pasteur, Jenner, Flemming, and many others who discovered microbes are a vital part of everyday life. Scientists have learned how to manipulate microbes from making beer, curing cancer, and even treating sewage. http://faculty.ivytech.edu/~twmurphy/txt_202/into_his.htm
...his day. These men have made an enormous amount of discovery to get medicine to where it is today.
Frederick douglas, born in Hale, England in 1879, was a bacteriologist who made the first progressive movement in gaining knowledge related to the structure of DNA. In 1928 he reported one of the first experiments suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information via transformation. In his experiment, formally known as Griffith’s experiment, he used two strains of Streptococcus Pneumoniae (pneumococcus) bacteria to infect mice. The two types were type III-S and type II-R. Type III-S had a protective capsule that could shield it from the immune system of the host. In the experiment, bacteria from the type III-S strain were killed with heat and then the remains were added to th II-R strain bacteria. Although neither strain alone was harmful to the mice, the combination was lethal. when looking at the bloodwork of the dead mice. Griffith found live strains of both bacteria. He concluded that type III-S transformed into type II-R. This experiment showed that traits could be transferred from one organism to another. it was one of the first experiments to suggest that DNA was the genetic code because heat denatures protein, thus ruling out the possibility of protein being the genetic code. At this time, DNA was still poorly...
Jean Baptiste Lamarck had eight children and three different wives. His first wife, Marie Rosalie Delaporte gave birth to six of his kids before she died in 1792. They did not get married until she was dying. His second wife, Charlotte Victoire Reverdy gave birth to two children, but died two years after they were married. His third wife, Julie Mallet, died in 1819.
The microscope created new possibilities in the study biology. It allowed scientists to look into a completely new view of cellular biology. Galileo is credited with the invention of the microscope. Two of the main pioneers in microscope usage were Robert Hooke and Antonie von Leeuwenhoek.
Biochemists are scientists who study the chemistry relating to, biological organisms. It forms a bridge between biology and chemistry by studying how complex chemical reactions and chemical structures give rise to life and life's processes. Their work includes studying the complex chemical combinations and reactions involved in metabolism, reproduction, growth, and heredity. Biochemistry is sometimes viewed as a hybrid branch of organic chemistry which specializes in the chemical processes and chemical transformations that take place inside of living organisms, yet the reality of the situation is that the investigation of natural chemistry ought to for the most part be viewed as none, of these completely “biology” nor completely "chemistry" in nature. Organic chemistry fuses everything in size between an atom and a cell and all the connections between them. The point of organic chemists is to portray in sub-atomic terms the structures, instruments and synthetic courses of action imparted by all creatures, giving sorting out standards that underlie life in all its diverse forms. All life forms alive today are generally believed to have descended from a single proto-biotic precursor, which could clarify why all known living things characteristically have comparative biochemistries (InnerBody. N.p., n.d.).
It is not clear who invented the microscope but it is said that in Circa 1000AD, an implement called a reading stone was discovered by an unknown inventor, this sphere shaped glass object magnified reading material when placed over it, this then began the birth of the microscope. In 1284 an Italian inventor named Salvino D’Armate was credited for inventing the first pair of wearable spectacles. It wasn’t then till 1590 that things developed with Dutch glassmakers, Zaccharias Janssen and his son Hans, experimented by placing multiple lenses in tubes, observing objects placed in front of the tubes they realised that the objects appeared massively larger, thus creating both the forerunner of the compound microscope invented about 1595 and the telescope. In 1609 a father of physics and astronomy, Galileo Galilei made a better instrument with a focusing device, by working out the foundations of the lenses after hearing rumours about the Dutch eyeglass makers.