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Aetiology of eating disorders
Anorexia nervosa evidence based research
Psychological, environmental and biological causes of eating disorders
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Assessment Before treatment can begin, anorexic clients must undergo assessments that ensure they are physically capable of outpatient treatment. If these individuals are not ready for outpatient treatment, they must undergo hospitalization to stabilize their condition. For those clients who pass medical examinations, and are good candidates for outpatient care, it remains necessary for a physician and dietitian to be involved with treatment (Bowers, 2002). This ensures the client is cared for in a holistic manner by addressing “nutritional rehabilitation, possibly medical stabilization, and psychological interventions” (Bowers, 2002, p. 249). This multidimensional approach ensures the client’s physical wellbeing is addressed, in addition to the psychological aspects of the disorder. Treatment Goals The treatment of anorexia begins with creating a sense of rapport and collaboration between the client and therapist. The relationship between client and therapist is especially important with anorexic patients because changing their eating behavior produces great levels of anxiety. In order to facilitate the relationship the therapist expresses respect for the client’s fears, reminds the client about the cost of their behavior, and encourages the client to look forward to acquiring new coping skills (Kleinfield et al., 1996). By addressing the fear involved with change, the therapist helps to normalize these feelings and encourages them to look forward to learning how to cope more effectively. When the client’s fears are decreased, it strengthens the therapeutic relationship and helps the client learn to collaborate with the therapist. Once a strong alliance has been established, the client begins to trust the therapist. ... ... middle of paper ... ...SOW.0000024327.55424.a9 Wade, T. D., Tiggemann, M., Bulik, C. M., Fairburn, C. G., FMedSci, Wray, N. R., Martin, N. M. (2008). Shared temperament risk factors for anorexia nervosa: A twin study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 70, 239-244. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815c40fl Werth, J., Wright, K. S., & Archambault, R. J. (2003). When does the “duty to protect” apply with a client who has anorexia nervosa?. Counseling Psychologist, 31(4), 427-450. doi:10.1177/0011000003031004006 Weltzin, T. E., Weisensel, N., & Cornella-Carlson, T. (2007). Improvements in the severity of eating disorder symptoms and weight changes in a large population of males undergoing treatment for eating disorders. Best Practice In Mental Health, 3(1), 52-65. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.memphis.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ofm&AN=510735329&site=ehost-live
An average client that attends this facility is someone suffering with an eating disorder. An average client might be someone who is having trouble having a healthy relationship with food and needs others to intervene. An average client that is attending the Laureate Eating Disorders Program, may have one or more of these common eating disorders: anorexia, bulimia, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, and binge eating disorder. The Laureate Eating Disorders Program offers inpatient, outpatient, intensive outpatient, partial hospitalization, and residential treatment to adolescents and adults. The facility not only addresses the fact that the client has an eating disorder, but goes deeper to try to help the client understand why.
Forsyth, K., Taylor, R., Kramer, J., Prior, S., Richie, L., Whitehead, J., Owen, C., & Melton, M.
Cox-Foster, D. L., Conlan, S., Holmes, E. C., Palacios, G., Evans, J. D., Moran, N. A.,…
“Fighting Anorexia” and “cookie monster” are two different articles based on research by some group of psychiatrists that focuses on eating disorder, which in psychology is referred to as a mental illness. Anorexia nervosa is a mental condition that describes a person’s obsession with food and the acute anxiety over weight gain (Newsweek cover, 2005). This disorder is categorized by an individual’s phobia on what to eat and what not to eat; as a result, the person begins to starve his or her self just to avoid adding more weight. The article published on the “Cookie Monster” expatiate on a research that describes how food is being used by some individuals to change their mood (McCarthy, 2001). This research shows that individuals especially college students try to subdue their emotions through the use of sweets and cookies. To further understand of these two experimental research in both articles, some important questions will be answered below.
Shapiro, C. M. (2012). Eating disorders: Causes, diagnosis, and treatments [Ebrary version]. Retrieved from http://libproxy.utdallas.edu/login?url=http://site.ebrary.com/lib/utdallas/Doc?id=10683384&ppg=3
McDonald, W. I., Compston, A., Edan, G., Goodkin, D., Hartung, H. P., Lublin, F. D., I
Anorexia is a mental illness that can be identified by its victims starving themselves in order to drop weight to dangerous levels. Most often, anorexics will restrict their food or exercise excessively in order to decrease their body weight. Anorexia has the highest mortality rate of any mental illness. This is mainly due to suicide and the complications that occur consequently from starvation. These complications include heart and kidney failure as well as osteoporosis and muscle atrophy. Females may also stop menstruating. The gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems may also be affected. Thus, Anorexia has detrimental effects on a person’s physical and mental health.
Anorexia nervosa is a life threatening eating disorder defined by a refusal to maintain fifteen percent of a normal body weight through self-starvation (NAMI 1). Ninety-five percent of anorexics are women between the ages of twelve and eighteen, however, “…in the past twenty years, this disorder has become a growing threat to high school and college students”(Maloney and Kranz 60). Anorexia produces a multitude of symptoms, and if not treated, anorexia can lead to permanent physical damage or death.
Ornstein, R., Rosen, D., Mammel, K., Callahan, S., Forman, S., Jay, M., Fisher, M., Rome, E., &
Psychotherapy or psychological counseling is an integral part of comprehensive eating disorder treatments. With a trained counselor, the patient can develop ways to cope with the issues that led to the disorder. This is especially important in anorexia nervosa treatments because of the overwhelming fear of becoming overweight. Hopefully a psychotherapist can get to the root of these fears and develop effective measures to take for recovery. Anorexia is considered to be a lifelong illness, and counseling may continue indefinitely. There are no medicines for anorexia, but antidepressants are often prescribed in conjunction with other treatments.
Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa are described as psychological eating disorders (Keel and Levitt, 1). They are both characterized by an over evaluation of weight. Despite being primarily eating disorders, the manifestations of bulimia and anorexia are different. They both present a very conspicuous example of dangerous psychological disorders, as according to the South Carolina Department of Health, “Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness” (Eating Order Statistics, 1). While Bulimia and anorexia both psychological disorders primarily prevalent in women, anorexia tend to have different diagnostic complexities, symptoms and physiological effects as compared to bulimia.
Ellis, B.J., Bates, J.E., Dodge, K.A., Fergusson, D.M, Horwood, L.J., Pettit, G.S., & Woodard, L.
Anorexia represents one percent of most prevalent eating disorder diseases. The word anorexia itself means, “ lack of appetite”. Anorexia is an all-encompassing pursuit of thinness. The person effected by Anorexia has an absolute fear of becoming obese (Matthew 4).
Univeristy of Maryland. "Anorexia nervosa." University of Maryland Medical Center. N.p., 14 Feb. 2013. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. .
Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that affects over 10 million women in the United States alone. Women are most commonly linked to anorexia (95% of people with anorexia are women) with mostly a heavy impact on teenagers. The disorder is a mixture of distorted body perception, an obsession with body weight, and fear of weight gain. A person suffering from anorexia nervosa may exercise excessively and/or eat very small portions. They may experience symptoms such as extreme weight loss, insomnia, dizziness or fainting, constipation, intolerance to cold, low blood pressure, hair thinning, and dry skin. Because of their strong fear of weight gain, a person suffering may refuse to eat, deny or lie about thei...