Human anatomy is the scientific study of the structure of the human body. Physiology is the scientific study of the function of the human body. Anatomy and physiology are both derived from Greek words. The term anatomy means “to cut up” and the term physiology means “the study of nature”. Anatomy and physiology are both subdivisions of biology, which is the study of living organisms. In ancient times the word anatomize was used more commonly than the word dissect. Most terms used in the language of anatomy are of Greek or Latin nature. Many individuals from different cultures have contributed to the science of anatomy, but it was the Greeks and Romans that made the most significant contributions.
In Ancient Greece several Greek philosophers made a monumental impact on the future of scientific thinking. It was then that anatomy was first recognized as a science. One of the most famous and well-known Greek physicians of this time was Hippocrates (460-377 B.C.). Hippocrates, also known as the father of medicine, was well versed in the theory of anatomical organization. He believed that four main body fluids were recognized, and a specific body organ was associated with each fluid. Blood was associated with the liver, phlegm with the lungs, yellow bile (choler) with the gallbladder, and black bile (melancholy) with the spleen. This concept of fluids or body humors was discarded long ago, but it was paramount in the medical field for over 2,000 years. He was also believed to have written the Hippocratic Oath. This is an oath taken by physicians swearing to practice medicine honestly. Reciting the oath has two purposes; it is a public commitment by the doctor stating that he will preserve the values of the medical profe...
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...nes of a doctor’s medical education. Despite being a persistent portion of teaching from at least the renaissance, today’s teachings differ significantly from the past. However, the methods used to teach this have not changed much. The study of physiology dates back to 420 B.C., the time of Hippocrates. Hippocrates was known as the father of medicine while Claudius Galen was known as the founder of experimental physiology. But it was the critical thinking of Aristotle that created a connection between the structure and function of the human body. This marked the beginning of physiology. Due to the closeness in relativity anatomy, the study of form, and physiology, the study of function, are studied together as part of a medical curriculum. The stability of the human bodies’ internal environment in response to changes in external conditions is called homeostasis.
In this paper I will clarify the relation between the integumentary system and the skeletal system. During this paper I will address how the two systems work together to maintain homeostasis and what occurs when balance is not maintained between the integumentary and skeletal system. During this paper I will explain how osteoporosis is directly linked between both the integumentary and skeletal system and ways to prevent or yield this disease.
Hippocrates (c. 460-377 BC) was born on the Aegean island of Cos, Greece. He learned his medical practices from his father, Heracleides, and Ancient Greek physician Herodicos of Selymbria. Like many big Greek names of the time, Hippocrates was thought to have come from the Gods. He was considered a descendent of Asclepios, the God of Medicine. Two major creations of Hippocrates have upheld the biggest influence on medical history. The peak of his career was during the Peloponnesian War (431-404 B.C), where his healing tactics helped Athenian warriors (“Hippocrates”, 1998).
Although he lived four centuries before the birth of Christ, a man named Hippocrates recorded the symptoms of diseases we still see to this day. Known as the “Father of Medicine” (Hippocrates), Hippocrates was an ancient physician who studied and recorded his observances of the body’s infections and physiology. He set forth the foundation for future physicians, and in doing so, is accredited for our knowledge of infectious diseases in earlier centuries. During this time however, many believed the earth and its inhabitants were composed of four general elements: air, water, fire, and dirt. They also believed that any one person who fell ill was being punished by the gods. As a foresighted thinker though, Hippocrates encouraged the idea that humans became ill due to natural causes. In that wisdom, he recorded all his observances of his patients and their illnesses, taking careful note of the bodily symptoms and their progression.
Ross, A. C. (2005). Physiology. In B. Caballero, L. Allen, & A. Prentice (Eds.), Encyclopedia of
Beginning around 460 BC, the concept of humoralism emerged throughout the written works of Hippocrates. These early works, some of the only medical works of this detailed nature to survive this period, delineated one of the first ways scholars and physicians viewed the body and more importantly illness. Shaped by the Hippocratics’ version of humoralism and his own interpretations of their written works, Galen resolutely supported the fundamental four-element theory, the notion of the four humors, and the essential practice of healing by applying opposites by physicians. However, Galen’s education in anatomy proved an effective advance in his medical reasoning away from a non-ontological view of illness into a considerably more ontological and
Early Greek medicine was more of a divine matter. It was believed that the God Asclepius was the god of medicine. Priests would live at his temples and claimed they knew the ways of healing people. It was not until around 500 B.C., a Greek physician named Alcmaeon began to dissect animals to observe their skeleton, muscles, and brain. This was most probably the first ever to describe a phenomenon through objective observations. Through his observations, he believed that illness was due to an imbalance in the body. This idea prevailed for many centuries in the history of medicine.
Weston, M. D. Know Your Body: The Atlas of Anatomy. Berkeley, CA: Marshall Cavendish Books Limited, 2005
In modern medicine when an ailment arises it can be quickly diagnosed, attributed to a precise bacteria, virus, or body system, and treated with medication, surgery or therapy. During the time before rational medical thought, this streamlined system of treatment was unheard of, and all complaints were attributed to the will of the multitude of commonly worshiped Greek gods (Greek Medicine 1). It was during the period of Greek rationalism that a perceptible change in thought was manifested in the attitudes towards treating disease. Ancient Greece is often associated with its many brilliant philosophers, and these great thinkers were some of the first innovators to make major developments in astrology, physics, math and even medicine. Among these academics was Hippocrates, one of the first e...
Wrong theories of the anatomy have been assumed to be correct for thousands of years. Theories of using a scientific base were not used by the Europeans until the Renaissance period (“Medicine”). These theories, made by a Greek Physician named Galen, were supported by the Catholic Church. The Middle Ages were a difficult time to achieve medical advances because Galen’s theories were not to be questioned or tested(“The Impact of the Renaissance on Medicine”).Even after these theories appeared to be inaccurate, the support from such a high authority made it extremely difficult to change the medical practices and training(“Rennaissance medicine”).
"Hippocrates (c. 460-c. 377 BC)." The Hutchinson Dictionary of Ideas. 2004: n.pag. SIRS Renaissance. Web. 30 Apr. 2014.
Anatomy is a study of the structure or internal workings of something and physiology is the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts. A cosmetologist practice beautifying the face, hair and skin of their clients and a nail tech purpose is to take care of both finger and toenails.
Now I am going to explain the physiology of the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system in relation to energy metabolism in the body.
Whenever asked what my favourite subject is, Biology has been, and will always be, my only answer. It was bewildering to compare my body to a machine working harmoniously. The digestive system, the respiratory system and the circulatory system are coordinating with each other right underneath my skin. Realising that the 'blue lines' visible beneath the flesh of my hands are actually veins carrying deoxygenated blood fueled my desire to know more about how my body functions. To me, it has always been about getting to know my self better.
Hippocrates was a Greek physician that left a legacy that existed during his lifetime in Classical Greece and continues today. His moral and ethical standards were the foundation of his teachings, along with his meticulous writings concerning the study of the human body. He firmly believed that poor health and disease were the result of a natural process that could be discovered and cured through careful clinical reasoning and observations. Hippocrates travelled throughout Greece teaching and describing disease symptoms, and taught doctors how to analyze and treat specific illnesses or diseases. Hippocrates’s accomplishments give him the respect from doctors and medical professionals around the world that continues even today.