Analysis of the Poem The Wreck of Deutschland by Gerald Manley Hopkins

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The SS Deutschland, an iron passenger steamship of the Norddeutscher Lloyd line, was on a maiden voyage to New York from Bremen. On December 4, 1875, the Deutschland was on its way to New York from Bremerhaven, with 123 emigrants. The weather conditions for the steamship was horrible; a blizzard hit the steamship on the Kentish Knock, an area off the coast of Kent and Essex in England. The crew of the Deutschland tried an attempt to go astern but it failed when the stress fractured the Deutschland’s propeller. The vessel began to sink, and the sea began to break over the steamship and the wind rose to gale force; consequently, an order to abandon ship. On December 7, 1875, 135 out of 213 people were saved from the wreck. Among the victims of the wreck were five Franciscan nuns from Salzkotten, Westphalia. The Franciscan nuns had been emigrating to escape the anti-Catholic Falk Laws, legislative bills enacted in the German Kingdom of Prussia during the Kulturkampf conflict with the Catholic Church. The Franciscan nuns’ death inspired Gerard Manley Hopkins to compose his longest Christian theme poem, “The Wreck of the Deutschland,” dedicated to their memory.

In this lyrical poem, dedicated to the Franciscan nuns’ lives, Hopkins expresses his reactions to the wreck of the Deutschland , which sparked powerful emotions in him. Although Hopkins is a devoted Catholic, he encounters critical difficulties in understanding God’s ways and seeks in his poem to resolve them. “The Wreck of the Deutschland” is, therefore, a theodicy (an attempt to reconcile the existence of tragedy and suffering with belief in a God who is both loving and powerful), set out to justify the ways of God to man. In Part the First, Hopkins confesses his innermost t...

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... bleed at a bitterer vein for the/ Comfortless unconfessed of them-/ No not uncomforted: lovely-felicitous Providence/ Finger of a tender of; O of a feathery delicacy, the breast of the/ Maiden could obey so, be a bell to, ring of it, and/ Startle the poor sheep back! is the shipwrack then a harvest, does tempest carry the grain/ for thee” (241-249). In the last stanza of the poem, the tone is the drama of triumph tone rather than a conflicted one: “Dame, at our door/ Drowned, and among our shoals,/ Remember us in the roads, the heave-haven of the Reward:/ Our King back, oh, upon English souls!/ Let him easter in us, be a dayspring to the dimness of us, be a crimson-cresseted east,/ More brightening her, rare-dear Britain, as his reign rolls,/ Pride, rose, prince, hero of us, high-priest, / Our hearts’ charity’s hearth’s fire, our thoughts’ chivalry’s throng’s Lord.”

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