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Four principles of the 1834 poor law act
Timeline of healthcare history
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19th Century • Poor Law Act (1834) The ‘Poor Law Act’ was an act of Parliament made under Lord Earl Grey who tried to reform the country’s poverty relief system. The Poor Law Act in 1815 was a way to help the poor by giving money to people who did not work so it can help them survive. The Poor Law Act was amendment in 1834. This Act was designed to reducing the finance problems which caused by giving money to the poor. People who wanted help had to go to the workhouses and work there. The Act ensured that people who worked in workhouses were housed, fed and had clothes including uniforms to wear. So the people had to work for several hours every day. (BBC, The Poor Law, 2014) However, the conditions were terrible in workhouses that there …show more content…
His idea was to create a system of poor relief which people were able to help themselves. He had beliefs that the current systems did not help people but instead caused people to become lazy by receiving money every week of the government. He had intended warehouses should have offered education and some type of training for people working there. However majority of people had misunderstood Chadwick's intentions. People believed that main of The New Poor Law to save money. The conditions were terrible at warehouses that it encouraged to Chadwick to investigating public health. This leaded to publish his report in 1842. (National Archives, Victorian Britain, 2014) 20th Century • Beveridge Report (1942) – founding of the NHS (1948) Lord Beveridge wrote the 'Social Insurance and Allied Services' in 1942. This became known as 'The Beveridge Report'. The report proposed that all people of working age should pay a weekly contribution. The benefits would be paid to people who were sick, retired, unemployed or widowed. Beveridge created five evil giants. Which were want, disease, ignorance, squalor and idleness. It also said that the government will take the responsbility for people from the 'cradle to the …show more content…
(1998, November 26th). Retrieved October 18th, 2014, from news.bbc.co.uk: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/222649.stm BBC. (2014). Beveridge. Retrieved October 18th, 2014, from www.bbc.co.uk: http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/labour/five/revision/1/ BBC. (2014). The Poor Law. Retrieved October 18th, 2014 , from www.bbc.co.uk: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/shp/britishsociety/thepoorrev1.shtml BBC, H. (2014). John Snow. Retrieved October 18th, 2014, from www.bbc.co.uk/: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/snow_john.shtml Government. (2013). Health Protection Agency. Retrieved October 18th, 2014, from www.gov.uk/: https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/health-protection-agency Greenpeace UK. (2012, September 6th). What do Greenpeace do. Retrieved October 18th, 2014, from www.greenpeace.org.uk: http://www.greenpeace.org.uk/about John Mack. (n.d.). Cholera. Retrieved from www.udel.edu: http://www.udel.edu/johnmack/frec682/cholera/ Kings Bridge College. (n.d.). Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation. Retrieved October 18th, 2014, from frog.kingsbridgecollege.devon.sch.uk:
The history of welfare systems dates back to ancient China and Rome, some of the first institutions known to have established some form of a welfare system. In both of these nations, their governments created projects to provide food and aid to poor, unemployed, or unable families and individuals, however these were based on “moral responsibility.” Later in history, in 1500’s England, parliament passed laws that held the monarchy responsible for providing assistance to needy families by providing jobs and financial aid. These became known as “poor laws” (Issitt).
Beveridge drew on 19th century antebellum expansion during his speech. In paragraphs 1-3, he explained how America was so many different things that added to the greatness of the colonies. For example, he said America was “a noble land that god has given us” and “a greater England with a nobler destiny.” He also drew on the fact that we had “saved” other nations from being savage. Beveridge spoke of the resources in the countries that America had conquered. “Their [Puerto Rico's] trade will be ours in time,” further explaining that he was pro-expansion for his own benefit.
Every person has a right and responsibility to be a citizen of their own country, living at the best as they can be. People have the responsibilities to become leaders, like Queen Elizabeth I, to rule Great Britain. Some people under the queen are struggling to live; people like the poor or the paupers in the 17th century. Queen Elizabeth attained recognition as an absolute monarch and a responsible Tudor queen at that time. She achieved numerous goals that helped herself and her people prosper. There was one achievement that affected many people, especially the poor, which was the Elizabethan Poor Law. It organized the poor and affected future poor laws after that.
Schmid, T. L., Pratt, M., & Howze, E. (1995). Policy as intervention: environmental and policy approaches to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Public Health, 85(9), 1207-1211.
Cohen, S. (2013, January). Student Health 101 @ Ashford University. Retrieved April 1, 2014, from http://readsh101.com/ashfordu.html?id=ec8bd17d
So in source B which was written after the new poor law, it is saying
The British social policy has its origin from the Poor Laws, dating from 1598 to 1948. The Poor Law amendment act (1834) modified the existing social system today. It provided a compulsory poor rate and helped set the poor to work, and make it illegal for anyone to receive any other help apart from the workhouse. The Beveridge report 1942 saw the establishment of many of the legislations, acts and policies that brought about many changes in social service today.
Therefore, by holding down the poor rate by making harsh and unacceptable workhouses, the poor were forced to work for lower wages. The Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 was the most significant development in the history of poverty and welfare in the nineteenth century, but on the other hand it was hated by the poor who had to live with the threat of the workhouse. From then on workers were forced to take responsibility for their own economic situation and had to take employment at any wage. Therefore workers had to find alternative ways of coping with poverty because the State had withdrawn its traditional support.
The advance of the welfare state reflected period-specific needs and was heavily influenced by changes in the national economy. Social welfare policy of the Colonial Period was replicated from the Elizabethan Poor Law that aimed to assist migrants in their struggle to fulfill the expectations of the early stages of industrialization. Its principles were designed to accommodate the necessities of transforming the economy and to negotiate between industrial interests and the landed gentry. They also intended to differentiate between social insurance and social benefits – the deserving and undeserving poor. The means of relief were different for the deserving and undeserving poor. The deserving poor, like the physically disabled, widows, and elderly would receive outdoor relief through cash payments. Veterans were treated with special care: the requirements of local settlements didn’t apply to them and colonies took the responsibly for the provisions of the relief. The undeserving poor received indoor relief through the poorhouses which provided punishment and hard labor to discourage people from denying work. The weak work ethic, as opposed to the economy, was assumed to be at the root of all the problems of the poor. The organized charities were few and their recourses were small. The relief programs were unavailable to blacks, even when they became free men.
Our English heritage has greatly affected social welfare today. Some of the standards set in England include: indoor relief; a national policy for the poor; the provision of serving the poor by placing them in institutions; and the categorization of the poor into two basic categorizes, the worthy poor and the able-bodied poor (unworthy poor). The Elizabethan Poor Law also set precedents which include: clear government responsibility for those in need; government authority to force people to work; government enforcement of family responsibility; responsibility for carrying out programs at the local level; and strict residence requirements.
Walsh, M., Stephens, P and Moore, S (2005)Social Policy and Welfare, Cheltenham, Stanley Thrones Publishers Ltd
When discussing the issue of poverty and ‘the poor’, it is crucial to identify and explore the forces that lead to the social exclusion of the poor rather than focusing on the characteristics of these individuals. By focusing on these forces, it becomes easier to identify and explore possible ways to lessen poverty, empower the poor and alleviate social exclusion whereas focusing on the individual will not create a solution.
Title II of the initial Social Security Act of 1935 established a national arrangement intended to bestow economic protection for the nation's workforce. The system formed provided reimbursement to individuals who were 65 years old or older and who had "earned" retirement benefits through work in jobs covered by the system. Benefits were to be paid for by a payroll tax paid by employees and their employers on wages up to a certain amount. Monthly benefits we...
Allowing them to have government welfare, which in 1650 was £188,000, which helped some escape from poverty. Public opinion of them was much better once they were given distinct rights. Conversely the lives of the vagrant poor, stayed the same and in many ways worsened. It became illegal to be a vagrant, and under the PRA you risked being sent to a workhouse or going to an English colony for seven years. Empty houses were demolished which simply added to the number of homeless vagrants. However the number of settled poor vastly outstripped the vagrant poor so on the whole the majority of the poor benefitted from the PRA and their lives improved. However even though there lives increased it was not that big a difference to what preceded it so the extent to which the poor’s lives improved was not very
Charles Dickens shows notable amounts of originality and morality in his novels, making him one of the most renowned novelists of the Victorian Era and immortalizing him through his great novels and short stories. One of the reasons his work has been so popular is because his novels reflect the issues of the Victorian era, such as the great indifference of many Victorians to the plight of the poor. The reformation of the Poor Law 1834 brings even more unavoidable problems to the poor. The Poor Law of 1834 allows the poor to receive public assistance only through established workhouses, causing those in debt to be sent to prison. Unable to pay debts, new levels of poverty are created. Because of personal childhood experiences with debt, poverty, and child labor, Dickens recognizes these issues with a sympathetic yet critical eye. Dickens notices that England's politicians and people of the upper class try to solve the growing problem of poverty through the Poor Laws and what they presume to be charitable causes, but Dickens knows that these things will not be successful; in fact they are often inhumane. Dickens' view of poverty and the abuse of the poor