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Stereotyping in marketing
Stereotypes in advertising
Stereotyping in marketing
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Cecilia Zhu
Ms. Lawrence
ENG 4U1-03
November 14th, 2017
Analysis of Oh, Lola! Print ad -- a Biased Commercial Implies Sexualization of Children
In the advertisement of Oh, Lola! Women’s perfume by Marc Jacobs, many signifiers are used to draw upon biased social narratives, including female stereotyping and objectification. To begin with, the advertisement utilizes a variety of elements to promote its core product-- Oh, Lola! Perfume. The model is wearing a translucent pink dress while sitting on a pink floor, against a pink background. The elements that are presented appear to all be through a pink filter. She is holding a perfume bottle that has a giant rose on the top, intentionally placed between her legs. Besides being the focus of photograph,
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Thus, through denoting the signifiers present in the advertisement, the perfume is clearly indicated as the core product. According to the second order of signification, these signifiers in the advertisement convey implicit messages. One of the most obvious messages is the objectification of females. In the advertisement, the perfume bottle is placed in her private part. The flower at the top is a yonic symbol and is often used to represent the female reproductive organ. In some cases, it is also used to represent virginity as the term “deflowering” has an implicit reference to taking a woman’s virginity. Thus, the advertisement delivers a message that virginity is precious, which objectifies women as it magnifies a specific characteristic of the female anatomy, and adds an abstract value to it. Hence, a female audience will have an emotional connection to the product thinking they should value their virginity more. On the other hand, a male audience will objectify women and associate virginity with a pleasantly scented flower which is problematic in its own right. Furthermore, another connotation present in the advertisement is stereotyping the female gender. The model is a very petite and thin framed girl …show more content…
This standard of beauty is not representative of the female population that this advertisement is aimed at. In addition, every single item of significance is the colour pink. Pink is often associated as being feminine and girly, which is why it seems to be washed over this entire advertisement. Overall, through stereotyping women, the sign system intends to evoke emotion appeal from females. It proposes the belief that following societal expectations of beauty and gender stereotypes will make them more alluring, akin to wearing the perfume. The sign system also evokes the emotional appeal to males and indicates that their ideal partner should be similar to the model, who is a white girl with blonde hair, blue eyes, and a thin body. In conclusion, after analysing the denotative aspects, many components in the advertisement work together to highlight the core product which is the Oh, Lola! Perfume. Looking at the connotative aspects, the sign system within the advertisement intentionally stereotypes and objectifies
Cover Girl cosmetics have been the top-seller since 1961 and are still going strong. It is hard, with all the advanced lines of make-up for one product to go as far as Cover girl has, so how does Cover Girl cosmetics do it? A lot of Cover Girl’s strong, on going successes are due to changing the look of the product, exceptional promotions which the public can’t look over, giving a cosmetic appeal to both older and younger aged women and most importantly by using near perfect women and teens to model their products. Although it’s wonderful that Cover Girl has been and still is so successful, it has put a dentation in today’s society in what women’s appearance should and shouldn’t be. Women and young adolescence are confused of what their appearance should be. Cover Girl has many famous models; one inparticular is the famous country singer Faith Hill. Faith is tall, skinny, and flawless. When women see models like her doing the advertising for Cover Girl, they automatically feel that they should look the same. Later in this paper I will go into semiotics which derives from the Greek word semeion meaning sign, it basically describes how people interpret different signs, such as models, and how these signs might effect one’s life and self-esteem. Proctor & Gamble are the owners and starters of Cover Girl cosmetics. To keep up the success of Cover Girl they must keep on top of the advertising game to stay above the competitors. To do this they do many promotions, some include using famous singers, changing displays, giving away samples and one of the most important advertisement of all is the models Cover Girls incorporates in their ads. Cover Girls did one promotion with Target stores to promote their product. They used the famous group 98 Degrees to make a sweepstakes called, “Fall in Love with 98 Degrees Sweepstakes.” The grand prizewinner of this sweepstakes is an appearance in the new 98 Degrees music video. This advertising doesn’t just take place in the Target stores; it also takes place in Teen magazine, stickers on the new 98 Degrees CDs, a national radio campaign, and the national Teen People magazine. Because it’s teens that mainly listen to the music that 98 Degrees produces, it’s the teens that this particular promotion is focused on. I s...
Through her beauty and our understanding of advertising’s past, the advertisement does an excellent job of appealing to women’s inner conscious thoughts in order to sell the product. Jose Cuervo can provide them with the social security they need to live their lives. It will keep them forever young and beautiful, just like the woman in the ad seems to be. One last point that drives home my critique of the advertisement is the idea that, “The first duty of woman is to attract” (Ewen, 2001, p. 182). Although Ewen’s
Have you ever wondered where the saying, ‘a picture says a thousand words’, come from? Well, I do not know who came up with this fantastic phrase, but nonetheless, I will be describing and analyzing two different magazine advertisements, trying to put in words what I think the advertisers wanted consumers to receive when those potential buyers viewed their ads. The two advertisements that I chose, Caress and Secret, try to encourage female consumers of all ages to purchase their hygiene products. Although both ads, Caress and Secret, appeal to the same gender with hygiene goods, they differ in design, text, and message. They attempt to please the female buyer with color, texture, and sexuality. This makes it prevalent, that the agents must grab the attention of possible buyers in order to sell their product. The advertisers must choose a variety of marketing strategies to the reach their targeted consumers.
Analysis of an Advertisement We live in a fast-paced society that is ruled by mass media. Every day we are bombarded by images of, perfect bodies, beautiful hair, flawless skin, and ageless faces that flash at us like a slide show. These ideas and images are embedded in our minds throughout our lives. Advertisements select audiences openly and subliminally, and target them with their product. They allude to the fact that in order to be like the people in this advertisement, you must use their product.
Being a young adult, it is often hard to find that perfect scent. Why must the young woman find her perfect scent? In order to grow and express herself as she matures. Choosing two memorable advertisements, “Daisy” by Marc Jacobs and “La Vie Est Belle” by Lancôme, as options. Both are likeable perfume commercials; however, the “Daisy” advertisement is better than the “La Vie Est Belle” advertisement because it plays lively music, uses vibrant colors, portrays happy actresses, and includes a clear selling point.
Open up any magazine and you will see the objectification of women. The female body is exploited by advertising, to make money for companies that sell not just a product, but a lifestyle to consumers. Advertisements with scantily clothed women, in sexualized positions, all objectify women in a sexual manner. Headless women, for example, make it easy to see them as only a body by erasing the individuality communicated through faces, eyes, and eye contact. Interchangeability is an advertising theme that reinforces the idea that women, like objects, are replaceable.
I have examined and analyzed the COVERGIRL™ NatureLuxe advertisement that uses common feminine stereotypes. In this advertisement, COVERGIRL™, which runs in Seventeen magazines, targets women through their choices of colors, fonts, and images used. Certain stereotypes are used; such as, those who are more feminine tend to prefer lighter, happier colors, such as pink. Also, the use of a celebrity, who many young women look to as an icon, assists in the advertisement of the COVERGIRL™ product. COVERGIRL™, more than likely, is able to successfully market their lip-gloss product in the United States by using common gender stereotypes to show femininity and how those, mainly women, should be presented in today’s society.
To be efficient, it must correspond to products and be relevant to people, expressing and sustaining competitive advantages. My image appears in Glamour, a specialized publication for women, where the cultural context is gender, thus providing a greater degree of authority and the intention is to promote the reputation and sales of the perfume. The image is a collection of signs, these signs may include paradigmatic and systematic elements such as the name of the perfume, the fonts used, the colors or the woman which appears with a green apple in her hand. ‘The goal of semiotics in the study of advertising is, ultimately, to unmask the arrays of hidden meanings in the underlying level, which form what can be called signification systems’ (Beasley et.all, 2002: 20). It is obvious that in the interpretation of an image controversies can arise and the meaning could be different from person to person due to the cultural level or ways of image analysis, because the reader approaches an image from a personal ideological perspective.
Perfume is important for a woman because its emphasize the style and mood that woman’s wear. A quote by Joybell C, “You are never fully dressed without perfume.” The ideal woman is an assortment of beauty, love, and attraction. Dior and Lanvin produce famous print ads that advertise women’s perfume. In Dior ad, it showed their new perfume called, “‘Miss Dior Blooming Bouquets.” which Natalie Portman partially clad in a wedding dress and she wear a black sexy body suit behind it. The white round shape words are in the middle of the ads, and the pink bottle of perfume is at the bottom. Lanvin’s perfume is called, “Marry Me”. A couple riding a bicycle together having a good time and staring at each other’s eyes which represent love
Advertising in American culture has taken on the very interesting character of representing our culture as a whole. Take this Calvin Klein ad for example. It shows the sexualization of not only the Calvin Klein clothing, but the female gender overall. It displays the socially constructed body, or the ideal body for women and girls in America. Using celebrities in the upper class to sell clothing, this advertisement makes owning a product an indication of your class in the American class system. In addition to this, feminism, and how that impacts potential consumer’s perception of the product, is also implicated. Advertisements are powerful things that can convey specific messages without using words or printed text, and can be conveyed in the split-second that it takes to see the image. In this way, the public underestimates how much they are influenced by what they see on television, in magazines, or online.
Often times, magazines use images of youthful looking models to promote lingerie. In the case of the Victoria’s Secret advertisement the target audience are adolescence to middle aged women since the models in the commercial appear to be young in age. Beauty is seen as youth in this advertisement since all of the women in the photo appear to be young in age, with no signs of aging. Youthful looking women in advertisements are seen as vulnerable and show the weakness of women in a patriarc...
The signs employed within the ad and the connection between signifiers and the signified were subjective and based on cultural representations. The denotative and connotative meanings that a message represents along with ‘doctrine of sign’s’ known as iconic, indexical and symbolic dimensions engaged by the advertiser to send ideology and mythical messages within the Katy Perry ad, such as wealth, authority and beauty are desirable and this can be attained if you buy this perfume. On a border and more thought provoking ideological level, the ad could perhaps interpret the message of freedom, prosperity and justice that women have culturally fought for throughout history. The basis of the selling pitch of the advert is sex, beauty and wealth. A contradiction perhaps, is an alternate meaning with the syntagm “Own the Throne’ intentionally placed underneath her genital area with Katy’s legs crossed. This may signify a deeper meaning that she is truly the one that ‘owns’ her sexuality not the advertiser. It is crucial advertiser’s understand that accomplishment of linguistic and non-linguistic communication is a result of the integrated system of cultural norms that allows potential buyers, to organise their world and give collective representations. In order to permit the reader to receive and successfully decode the
The objectification of women is a huge issue in society and is often led by advertising. However, many men still believe that the adverts depicting women in a sexual and often passive posture are not very offensive, but rather very funny or sexy. However, how would they feel if it were their daughter or sister being advertised throughout the world as a sexual object? The Tiger Beer advertisement shown in the appendix is a clear example of the objectification of women in advertising. The Tiger Beer advert was made to appeal to men from the age of 20 to 60.
Cohan overall leaves a strong impression on the reader that change in women’s advertising is very important and necessary. He effectively shows that women’s advertising is often unethical and ultimately needs to stop degrading women and move to more positive ways of advertising. Although, upon digging deeper in to Cohan’s specific claims on idealized imagery advertising, a gap emerges. Cohan calls the women in the ads who have been idealized “perfect” “ideal”, women that the “average women” will never be able to look like/be (327), but in all actuality, how can advertisements, or anyone for that matter, define what is “perfect”, “average”, “pretty”, “ugly”? Cohan overlooks this phenomenon, of the ever evolving, never definable term: beauty, therefore creating a need for deeper analysis.
In the capitalistic society, sexual objectification of women has become one of the most popular and effective ways of promoting a product. Female bodies are used in a lot of commercials. Not only do females reveal their body parts for the sake of ‘sex appeal’, they are often identified as a product itself, sometimes even regardless of the context.