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Academic success of black males in higher education
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Statement of Problem
This paper explores the effectiveness of African Americans students G.P.A. while in attendance at HBCUs. Despite widely ranging methods, data sources, and professional disciplines, theories and analyses scholars have stated that HBCUs make a distinctive contribution in improving African Americans G.P.A (RHE96). HBCU is an acronym for Historically Black Colleges and Universities that existed before 1964 with historic missions with an emphasis on educating African Americans (ed.gov07). Experts found that African American students who attended HBCUs regularly before the 70’s G.P.A might have been better and they were more likely to graduate when compared to white institutions (RHE96).
There are many factors that play a role
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But for a student that is already facing adversities such as an African American student it is a must for them to have family support in order to maintain their sanity while facing the pressure of improving and maintaining their G.P. A. in school. Harper and Gasman in (2008) said that parietal restraints might contribute to the student’s frustration and possibly their departure from school.
Also Commissioner Kiirsanow stated that there is a greater need for financial aid among African American students at HBCUs .In comparison to white students at predominantly white schools 84% of African American students at HBCUs compared to the 55% of white students requires financial aid to attend college (Kirsanow06). "HBCUs have always been in a situation where a lot of them have had to struggle. A lot of that had to do was inequitable findings," Gasman (13).
Summary
HBCUs appear to be more cost –effective in improving the G.P.A of African American students in spite of the lack of poorer academic and financial resources (Kim02). Although the percentage of African Americans that are educated at HBCUs has decreased by 20%, students have better relationships with faculty and staff that makes them aspires to improve their G.P.A in order to advance (UDE05). Also HBCUs have played and still plays a viable role in educating and producing scholarly African
The historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are fledgling to compete with Predominately White Institutions (PWIs). HBCU were established to serve the educational needs of black Americans. Before HBCU college was create blacks were generally was denied admission to traditionally all white institutions. Since black Americans was prohibited from whites schools HBCUs became the principle means for providing postsecondary education. There are several reasons why all blacks’ schools does not compete with predominately white schools. HBCU’s most of the time do not keep their accreditation, their tests scores are very low, and do not get as much funding
In this brief report, I will be examining common practices, policies and resources that support Black women attending Princeton University. Included is a brief review of national averages in regards to higher education attainment and a rationale for continued rhetoric on this topic. My interest in this topic stem from my experience at State University’s Women Studies Program. While the conversation around gender is necessary and crucial, little attention was given to discussions of how race and gender affect an individual’s lived experience. I was constantly aware of my lack of representation among students who were in those classes and the faculty who taught.
Over the years there has been a significant decrease in the percentage of African American male success in higher education. Not only does this effect society as a whole, but more importantly this effects the African- American community as well. The high percentage of uneducated African- American males will result in increased crime rate, shortened life span and overall hard life. However this epidemic can be stopped by looking at the contributing factors of why there is a decrease in African-American male success in higher education and how to change it. Throughout the paper I will be addressing the issues as to why there are not more black men in higher education, by looking at the contributing factors such as environmental stressors, student’s perceptions, racial identity issues, academic and social integration, family upbringing and the media. The attrition rate of African- American male students could be changed and decreased drastically. Increasing our understanding of these differences would enable us to better meet the needs of young black men.
In 2001 statistics reported by the United States Department of Education indicated that during 1997-1998 African American students received 8.3% of bachelor’s degrees awarded. Concurrently, Hispanic students as well as Asian or Pacific Islander students received 6.0%, while American Indian/Alaskan Native students only accounted for .7%. Although statistics from agencies who report differ, clearly on a national level, minority students
As cliché as it sounds, it is true that many African American students come from very harsh and poverty stricken environments. They tend to go to under resourced schools as well that do not provide the proper knowledge for them to further their education. And even worse, these schools tend to be segregated since they are usually in the harsher parts of a neighborhood. Sadly, it’s the segregated schools are one of the main reasons why black students decide not to go on to pursue a higher education. According to "The Way Out of the Black Poverty Cycle", a black student that attends an integrated suburban school is six times more likely to graduate compared to a segregated under resourced school. An African Americans family structure and the opinions of family members affects if their decision to further their education as well. Many African American children grow up un...
Next is John Henrik Clark, who refers to African America Studies as Africana Studies because he believes that Black tells you how you look, not who you are. He goes on to state that he calls African American Studies “a dilemma at the crossroads of history” (Clark 32). This is because European people knew history well enough to distort it and use it, as well as political weapons such as the gun and bible, to control the world. This is the reason why a look at African culture will show what Africana Studies are about or should be about. Africana Studies should embrace the Africans all around the world, in places like Africa, North and South America, the Caribbean Islands even those in Asia and the Pacific Islands. Clarke states that Africa is
Throughout the years the dropout rate of African Americans has increased and decreased. Many people look at black students as if they sit there and do not learn anything at all but we do try. Some may think that the only reason the black students drop out is because their grades, but that’s not true. Some dropout because of financial pressure, health problems, mental, emotional, and social issues, and may not have family support.
The issue of whether HBCU’s are still needed have been occurring constantly in today’s nation. HBCU’s have been in existence for almost two centuries now. Their principal mission is to educate African Americans, and they have. HBCU’s graduate more than 50% of “African American” professionals and public school teachers. But, HBCU’s have been facing challenges such as their decrease in diversity, financing, and graduate rates which has caused a speculation of their importance in today’s communities. I believe that HBCU’s are still needed.
Many of the unresolved issues of substandard education, segregated neighborhoods, broken families, economic disadvantages and social inequalities continue to contribute to the poor performance rate of young African-Americans on the SAT’s and other required college entry exams. Regrettable, SAT’s and other standardize test have become ritualistic and institutionalize; cemented in the impenetrable walls of higher education. Universities and colleges depend on these “gatekeepers” to maintain the privileged class and to cherry pick the “crème of the crop”. This covert system of selection was never intended for all, but designed to maintain social stratification, create caste systems and marginalize certain groups of people from fair competition.
In From Slavery to Freedom (2007), it was said that “the transition from slavery to freedom represents one of the major themes in the history of African Diaspora in the Americas” (para. 1). African American history plays an important role in American history not only because the Civil Rights Movement, but because of the strength and courage of Afro-Americans struggling to live a good life in America. Afro-Americans have been present in this country since the early 1600’s, and have been making history since. We as Americans have studied American history all throughout school, and took one Month out of the year to studied African American history. Of course we learn some things about the important people and events in African American history, but some of the most important things remain untold which will take more than a month to learn about.
The aspect of African-American Studies is key to the lives of African-Americans and those involved with the welfare of the race. African-American Studies is the systematic and critical study of the multidimensional aspects of Black thought and practice in their current and historical unfolding (Karenga, 21). African-American Studies exposes students to the experiences of African-American people and others of African descent. It allows the promotion and sharing of the African-American culture. However, the concept of African-American Studies, like many other studies that focus on a specific group, gender, and/or creed, poses problems. Therefore, African-American Studies must overcome the obstacles in order to improve the state of being for African-Americans.
This racial study will define the success of the Civil Rights Movement in the context of Affirmative action in the class-based success of higher education and access to higher paying jobs in the labor markets. Affirmative Action was a major legal victory for the Civil Rights movement, which allowed African Americans and other minorities to find access to higher education as a part of the social mobility platform of the movement. Increased diversity in colleges and universities was a major aspect of this success in terms of raising the awareness and educational background of minorities in the community. Also, Affirmative Action allowed greater access to higher paying job access for minorities that defines the political premise of the Civil Rights
The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. (2006).Black Student College Graduation Rates Remain Low, But Modest Progress Begins to Show. Retrieved from: http://www.jbhe.com/features/50_blackstudent_gradrates.html
Annotated Bibliography Journals: The Journal of the American Denson, N., & Chang, M. (2009). Racial Diversity Matters: The Impact of Diversity-Related Student Engagement and Institutional Context. American Educational Research Journal, 46, 322-353. This article discusses the different forms of racial diversity contribution to students’ educational and learning experiences and the positive effects on students who adopt these diversity opportunities. The author demonstrates how the quality of higher education is substantially heightened by diversity-connected efforts.
President Barack Obama’s administration call for open access for everyone in higher education, has led to an increase of minorities attending college. According to the American Association of Community Colleges, “Community colleges are the gateway to postsecondary education for many minorities, low income, and first-generation postsecondary education students” (www.aacc.edu). Mid-Atlantic Community College located in the state of Maryland is a minority-majority institution. The minority population makes up over 60% of the population however; the completion rates for minority students are under 20%. Research indicate that “students from historically under-represented backgrounds that attend community colleges are