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Theoritical financial ratios
Usefulness of financial ratios
Theoritical financial ratios
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A ratio is a comparison of two values to gain information about a company’s performance, and provide pertinent information for comparative analysis, and is one of the most common tools of managerial decision making. However, there are four main categories of financial ratios: profitability (ROI), liquidity (current ratio), leverage (debt ratio), and efficiency (annual inventory turnover)—with several specific formulas prescribed within each. Although, some industry leaders caution in the use and interpretation of financial ratios it’s important for leaders to utilize the formulas during their analysis. The Importance of Ratios: Ratio analysis is critical for helping leaders understand their financial statements. Ratios are useful for identifying positive and negative trends and measuring the overall financial health of a company. …show more content…
Yet, using 1.02 as the benchmark we were able to determine that AT&T Inc.'s current ratio deteriorated from 2014 to 2015, but slightly improved from 2015 to 2016. This means that AT&T liabilities are greater than its assets and organizational leaders should reassess its collection/credit processes or its inventory turnover. Nevertheless, financial ratios meanings differ depending on the financial data used to calculate them. Therefore, the best way to distinguish between “good” or “not so good” measurements is to understand the concept behind each ratio. Let’s apply two separate measurements and dissect its meaning as it reflects AT&T measurements. To receive AT&T’s current ratio you must divide the company’s current assets by its current liabilities, which in AT&T’s (see current ratio trend above) case we determined that the company has more assets than liabilities. This suggest that AT&T has money left over to service its debt. Therefore, it’s better to have a higher current ratio than a lower current ratio (Chron,
This is an essential ratio which discloses about the liquidity position of a company. It is determined by dividing the current assets and current liabilities of the company. In this case, the Exxon’s current ratio is decreasing which indicates about the decreasing liquidity of the company. Current ratio of Chevron is far ahead than Exxon. This ratio is fluctuating for Chevron, but the fluctuation is minor and not drastic. Exxon ratios are fluctuating within 1.0 to 0.84, whereas Chevron ratio is always greater than 1.50. This clearly indicates that Chevron is in better position in meeting its obligations when compared to Exxon. If this decline continues for Exxon then there are chances where the company cannot meet up its short-term obligations and lead to financial distress.
From the table 3 it is indicated that the current ratio of British Petroleum is higher than one both in the recent financial statements i.e. of 2014 and in the financial statement of previous year i.e. of 2013. In 2013 the current ratio of British Petroleum is 1.33 which indicates that the company has sufficient current assets to satisfy it short term liabilities. However, the current ratio in 2014 is 1.37 (BP Global, 2014) indicating increase and depicting that is in position to satisfy its short term debts. Thus this indicates the strength of company in satisfying its debt.
The current ratio measures the ability of a business to pay back their liabilities. Kroger’s current ratio for both years was under one, which shows that Kroger has more current liabilities than current assets. This could predict that Kroger is not in good financial health at this time. However, some of their competitors have current ratios under one too. The grocery store industry trends to have lower liquidity ratios, because they keep lower levels of current assets. Their ongoing sales help pay upcoming liabilities. Still, business owners and investors would be looking for a current ratio over one at least.
Current Ratio – For the last three years was growing from 3.56 in 2001 to 3.81 in 2002 to 4.22 in 2003. The reason of grow is increased in Assets. Even though Liability was growing, Asset grow was more significant.
b) Debt Management Ratios: Debt management ratios help us to analyze a company's use of its financial leverage. The following debt management ratios have been examined to measure AT&T Inc.'s financial risks and the probability of default. b.1) Financial Leverage Ratio: Financial leverage ratio is also an important financial tool to evaluate the financial health of a business; it helps to measure the extent to which a company is using the long-term debt. In general, high leverage is an indication to be at a risk of bankruptcy (Financial Leverage, 2011). An analysis of AT&T Inc.'s financial leverage indicates that it has been increased in the last five years from 2.40 in 2010 to 3.39 in 2014.
In regards to the corporation’s balance sheet, it is necessary to place an importance on liquidity ratios to demonstrate the company’s ability to pay its short term obligations such as accounts payable and notes that have a duration of less than one year. These commonly used liquidity ratios include the current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio. All three ratios are used to measure the liquidity of a company or business. The current ratio is used to indicate a business’s ability to meet maturing obligations. The quick ratio is used to indicate the company’s ability to pay off debt. Finally the cash ratio is used to measure the amount of capital as well short term counterparts a business has over its current liabilities.
It simplifies the comprehension of financial statements. Ratios tell the whole story of changes in the financial condition of the business.
The ratio of 1.7 for the last two years indicates consistency, although a lower number is preferred. As a company produces high value product, this could be a satisfactory ratio. By comparing it to 2011 when a ratio was 2.9, in the last two years a ratio improved
Monea, M. (2009). Financial ratios – Reveal how a business is doing? Annals of the University Of Petrosani Economics, 9(2), 137-144. Retrieved from http://www.upet.ro/eng
Ratio analysis are useful tools when judging the performance of a company by weighing and evaluating the operating performance (Block-Hirt). There are 13 significant ratios that can separate by four main categories, profitability, asset utilization, liquidity and debt utilization ratios. The ratio analysis covered here consists of eight various ratios with at least one from each of these main categories. These ratios were used to compare and contrast the performance of Verizon versus AT& T over the years 2005 and 2006.
I have leant that ratio analysis offers better insight of a company’s financial position on the short-term and long-term basis. However, I would recommend that investor advice should be based on ratio analysis that considers ratios from several years. This will ensure that the investor is making an informed decision based on the company’s financial ratio performance trend.
Ratios traditionally measure the most important factors such as liquidity, solvency and profitability, as well as other measures of solvency. Different studies have found various ratios to be the most efficient indicators of solvency. Studies of ratio analysis began in the 1930’s, with several studies of the concluding that firms with the potential to file bankruptcy all exhibited different ratios than those companies that were financially sound.
Before beginning an analysis of a company it is necessary to have a complete set of financial statements, preferably for the pas few years so that historical trends can be obtained. Ratios are a way for anyone to get an idea of the financial performance of a company by using the information contained in the financial statements. Ratios are grouped into four basic categories, liquidity, activity, profitability, and financial leverage. This document will use a variety of these ratios to analyze the firm, Sample Company, as of December 31,2000.
Any successful business owner or investor is constantly evaluating the performance of the companies they are involved with, comparing historical figures with its industry competitors, and even with successful businesses from other industries. To complete a thorough examination of any company's effectiveness, however, more needs to be looked at than the easily attainable numbers like sales, profits, and total assets. Luckily, there are many well-tested ratios out there that make the task a bit less daunting. Financial ratio analysis helps identify and quantify a company's strengths and weaknesses, evaluate its financial position, and shows potential risks. As with any other form of analysis, financial ratios aren't definitive and their results shouldn't be viewed as the only possibilities. However, when used in conjuncture with various other business evaluation processes, financial ratios are invaluable. By examining Ford Motor Company's financial ratios, along with a few other company factors, this report will give a clear picture of how the company is doing now and should do in the future.
The current ratio and quick ratios for the year 2003 are at 2.5 and 1.3, which are both higher than the industry average. The company has enough to cover short term bills and expenses. Both the current and quick ratios are showing an upward trend compared to 2001 and 2002. The current assets decreased by $ 20,264 to $ 1,531,181 and the current liabilities also decreased considerably by $255,402 to $616,000, a 29.3% decline, thus making the current ratio jump to a 2.5. The biggest decline was seen is accounts payable which decreased by $170,500 to $230,000, a decline of 42.6 %.