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chapter 1 an overview of nutrition
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Principles of Epidemiology
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Epidemiology in nutrition: Objectives: The professional in nutrition will be able to interpret with the epidemiological approach to health and disease situations which raises their professional performance, with special attention to the prevention within the resolution of problems. Describe the natural history with ecological sense of proper nutrition and diseases associated with deficiencies in the food and nutrition. Determine in the previous pathologies the Levels of prevention and actions at each level. Use the concept and methodology of risk approach for the detection of causality and for the prioritization of actions in the control or solution of nutritional diseases in communities and individuals. Manage the systematics information of morbidity and mortality, learn about their uses and limitations and describe from its, the health - disease in the country in pathologies associated with failures of feeding and nutritional situation. Formulate from the above what issues requiring epidemiological research and select correctly the type of methodology to be used: ...
In an effort to analyze the natural history of a disease, an epidemiological triangle is used. An epidemiological triangle is comprised of a susceptible host or individual, environment, and a causative agent. The host tends to have low immunity, poor nutrition, and a concurrent disease. The host tends to have poor
1. Shelton, A. M., Zhao, J. Z., & Roush, R. T. (2002). Economic, ecological, food safety, and social consequences of the deployment of Bt transgenic plants. Annual review of entomology, 47(1), 845-881. This paper do the research on the potential ecological and human health consequences of Bt plants, including effects on nontarget organisms, food safety, and the development of resistant insect populations.
Nutrition is essential to human’s life, but still people need to take care the quantity and quality necessitated. Most research studies agreed the way e...
In an agricultural society people started to farm and there were less to no hunting which changed their diets dramatically. When people were hunting and gathering they were getting a healthy and a well-balanced diet. Before agriculture people ate many various wild plants and animals therefore, they had better nutrition. For example, the Kalahari Bushmen’s daily intake was “2,140 calories and 93 grams of protein” (Diamond 2). Also when Diamond is comparing the two societies, he talks about the balance of nutrients and diet, also he states that the “Kalahari Bushmen eat a variety of 75 or so different wild plants” and receive more calories than needed. As the people switched over to agriculture, the amount of food they had become more plentiful and predictable but unhealthy. Nowadays, more people are overweight especially in the western area of the world. This proves that people before agriculture were healthy and had a decent
The science of human nutritional requirements i.e. Nutrition is a dynamic science and all is not known, discoveries are being made almost on a daily basis and apart from this the difficulty on determining the singular nutrient effect the human body is virtually impossible.
Nutritional anthropology applies the anthropological approach to nutritional disciplines by studying and understanding how the interactions of social and biological factors affect the nutritional status of individuals and populations. Dettwlyer conducted a medical anthropological research assessing the nutritional status of individuals living in a population in Mali, Africa. She defined it as to be a biocultural approach because the research did not only pertain to the biological system of the people but cultural dogmas, infant feeding practices, socio-economic status, political-ecological factors also contributed as much. Death rates and child malnutrition rates are very high in Mali, it being one of the poorest countries of the world. Therefore, Dettwlyer being a nutritional anthropologist extends her study to the children of Mali who are malnutritioned as a result of their birth in poor families; because their mothers have a low status in their prosperous extended family households; ethno-cultural tenets, etc.
Childhood hunger problem occurs everywhere in this world and we people need to start helping these children if we have the ability to improve the issue.
Holistic nutrition assesses the health history, diet habits and the lifestyle of an individual patient to determine the cause of underlying health issues and the most organic approach to deal with the health problem (Rustad & Smith, 2013). Rustad & Smith argues that community education plays a significant role in the practice of holistic nutrition to change the current nutrition behaviors amongst populations which are detrimental to health. Evidence based nutrition are guidelines that have been developed to assist in nutrition decision making which promotes appropriate nutrition care for specific diseases such as diabetes. In such cases, a nutrition is based on a systematic process and treatment algorithms derived from evidence analysis (Dollahite et al.,
To conclude this summary, “Malnutrition is under assessed and under managed problem in the elderly population. Malnutrition is fixable if people take it seriously. If a patient is not eating all of their meals let a dietician know and they can come speak with the elder and let them know the importance of good nutrition. The elderly already have enough issue with their health deteriorating. If the elderly become more educated about nutrition it can also increase their health.
Epidemiology Epidemiology is the study of the demographics of disease processes, including the study of epidemics and other diseases that are common enough to allow statistical tools to be applied. It is an important supporting branch of medicine, helping to find the causes of diseases and ways of prevention. It can, using statistical methods such as large-scale population studies, prove or disprove treatment hypotheses. Another major use of epidemiology is to identify risk factors for diseases. Epidemiological studies generally focus on large groups of people and relate to a target population that can be identified.
The objectives of this essay is to identify and address the global health issues as whole including causes of these issues and impact of these issues. Also it is aim to address the preventive measures to reduce the global issues and report the methods for global health issues identified and understand the global health priorities with regards to major health issues throughout the world.
Discussions throughout this essay will focus on the relevance of epidemiology to public health; firstly the concepts of epidemiology will be discussed alongside two examples of why epidemiology is relevant in the 21st century.
Public dieticians and public nutritionists share many of the same roles within a community with both focusing on the health and well being of a population. They work to make people aware of healthy food choices and lifestyles by sending clear and constant messages into the community (Ministry of Health, 2007). In order for this to happen public dieticians/nutritionists work to reduce nutritional misinformation published by the media. They also advise other health professionals such as General Practitioners to ensure they are sending the correct nutritional messages to their patients (Ministry of Health, 2007). Public dieticians/nutritionists treat and educate individuals and small groups to prevent health problems at a personal level. However their main focus is that of populations and so they plan community-based campaigns to target larger groups of people and work to change health and nutrition policies to prevent large onsets of dis-ease. Winterfeldt, Bogle & Ebro, 2013). They do this by working in schools to educate the youth and by holding conferences and educational talks for adults in the wider community (Ministry of Health, 2007).
Proper nutrition is one of the most essential elements to being healthy and living a long life. People deal with food every day, and food has been a part of life since the beginning of civilization. What we eat becomes our diet, and our diet plays a major role in deciding how healthy we are and how well our body functions. Without proper diet, our body cannot carry out the functions it needs to perform. Most people have some common knowledge on what is good and what is bad for the human body to consume. Fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains are some common items people think of when they think of healthy foods. However, it is not enough just to know what foods are good for your body, it is also important to understand why certain foods are good for you and what they do to help the body function.
Epidemiology research, understanding of study design and methods, hypothesis formation, and writing a scientific poster help me develop pertinent research skills to success in a future in biomedical science. I aim to earn a Ph.D. in biomedical science and continue in health science that will positively impact the population. I believe that public health can fit together with biomedical science to find insight to molecular mechanisms and complex understanding of what diseases are seen in research fields like epidemiology. I am passionate about public health and epidemiology foci of nutrition so working on a project to prevent and dec...