Introduction
The origins of the market in electronic communications lie with the development and exploitation of the telegraph around the middle of the 19th century. You will find an excellent account of the development of the telegraph and some of the lessons this holds for the modern world in Tom Standage’s book, The Victorian Internet (readily available via Amazon).
The telephone was invented (allegedly) by Alexander Graham Bell who in 1876 was granted a United States patent (174465) which in a mere six pages specified what are recognisably still the key features of the telephone system. You can see a copy of the patent at the USPTO Website. .
Superlatives almost become exhausted in describing Bell’s patent. It was the most heavily litigated award of all time with more than 600 law suits raised challenging its validity. Perhaps the most serious challenge was raised by the Western Union Telegraph Company which held a dominant position in the telegraph sector. This claim was settled in 1879 . Western Union accepted the validity of Bell’s patent and agreed to keep out of the telephone business. In order to maintain Western’s key business in the telegraph sector, Bell agreed not to use the telephone business for ‘transmission of general business messages, market quotations, or news for sale or publication in competition with the business of Western Union.’ Other challenges persisted but in what was only the second most significant event of the year 1888 its validity was upheld by the US Supreme Court, (The Telephone Cases 1888 U.S. 1) in what is reportedly the longest judgement delivered in US patent history (some 197,000 words). The patent has frequently been described as the most valuable grant of all time.
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...e government retained a special or retained a ‘golden share’ which gave it a power of veto over certain aspects of the business. To a considerable extent, therefore, competition in the British market was initially between two organisations with strong public sector connections.
It was announced in 1983 that no further licences would be issued to long-distance fixed-link operators for a period of 7 years. This was on the basis that in order to encourage Mercury to invest in the development of a network, it would require assurance of a stable competitive environment. The move, therefore was one from monopoly to duopoly although even at this stage it was recognised that the emerging market in mobile communications would provide alternatives to traditional fixed link operations. Licences for the creation of mobile networks were granted to Cellnet and Vodafone in 1983.
Debate continues to who should be credited with inventing the telephone. In 2002, even the US Congress succumbed to the truth and “changed its mind” on the issue gave credit to the real inventor and rewrote history that the original telephone was in fact invented by Antonio Meucci. Bell was a cunning opportunist who took all the credit for a more brilliant scientist’s work. The House of Representatives voted to recognize telecommunications genius Antonio Meucci as the father of modern communications. Credit usually goes to the person with the patent and in the history books Alexander Graham Bell as the inventor of the telephone after Bell was awarded US Patent Number 174,465, Improvement on Telegraphy, on March 7, 1876.
We all hear the term “monopoly” before. If somebody doesn't apprehend a monopoly is outlined as “The exclusive possession or management of the provision or change a artifact or service.” but a natural monopoly could be a little totally different in which means from its counterpart. during this paper we'll be wanting into the question: whether or not the govt. ought to read telephones, cable, or broadcasting as natural monopolies or not; and may they be regulated or not?
Has the question of “who even thought to invent the telephone or metal detector?” ever came into your head? Or been going through the internet and came across the name Alexander Graham Bell and wondered who it was? Well Alexander was the inventor of many things like the telephone, and the metal detector. Bell was a very smart man who came from a very smart family.
The telephone was said to be invented by Alexander Graham Bell, some critics believe that the real inventor was a man named Elisha Gray. After many debates people commonly now believe that Alexander Graham Bell invented the first telephone. Inspired by his deaf parents he wanted to invent something that people could use easily and was easy to access. So he worked on his invention day and night for many days. Eventually He got the perfect thing that he had been looking for. He had finally invented a device that you could hear human voices through technology. On March 7, 1876 after all of Alexander G. Bell’s hard work he patented his great invention...
The second anti-trust suit filed in 1974, United States vs. AT&T, had two major issues. The first was that AT&T's relationship with Western Electric, which AT&T retained in the 1956 settlement, was illegal. The second issue ignited by MCI who was attempting to penetrate the large business market was the fact that AT&T monopolized the long distance...
Since then, inventors have created a wide range of inventions, an invention that has once again been reinvented was the telephone, the idea was first created back in 1874, but it wasn’t until March 1876, when Alexander Graham Bell first uttered, "Mr. Watson -- come here -- I want to see you." That was the day that the multiple telegraph had been disgarded.
Throughout the 1970s, concerted industry efforts at the federal, state and local levels resulted in continued lessening of cable restrictions. These changes, couples with cables pioneering to satellite communications technology, led to a pronounced growth of services to consumers and a substantial increase in cable subscribers.
The company he formed was first called the Bell Patent Association, and by the time the U.S. Government broke the company up because the thought it was a
There were also many inventions during this time. One of which is something most of us in the twenty-first century can’t live without, the telephone. It was invented in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell (Farah 611). 69 years earlier, the first practical steamboat was designed by Robert Fulton (Farah 606). But there was more to the 1800’s than just science and inven...
On March 3, 1847, the inventor of the telephone, was born.Mr.Alexander Bell who was married to Mabel Gardiner Hubbard and had four children. He attended the University of Edinburgh and the College of London and was a teacher of the deaf and a scientist. Mr. Bell invented the telephone in 1876 and made his first call on March 10th. Bell was born and raised in Edinburgh.
On March 10th, 1876, a revolutionary invention was created by Alexander Graham Bell. The telephone was invented to send vibrations from one receiver to another electrically (History.com ‘Speech Transmitted by Telephone’ accessed on March 11, 2014), and due to Alexander Graham Bell accidentally discovering that he could hear the sound of a ‘clock spring twanging’ (Marry Bellis, ‘The History of the Telephone’ accessed on March 11, 2014), that was possible. The invention of the telephone permitted new levels of communication, allowed families connect around the world, and improved military systems, but also served negative consequences, such as breached privacy. If two people wanted to have a conversation, they would have to write letters back and forth, but with the telephone they were able to pick up the receiver, dial the number, and be connected in a matter of minutes. Telephones enabled long-distance communication, which allowed families to converse despite their location. Military officials and soldiers were also able to stay in touch through field telephones as well as keep contact with the president. Although telephones were originally placed in general stores or other major city locations and homes/neighborhoods that were wired (Elon.edu ‘World Changes Due to the Telephone’ accessed on April 2, 2014), telephones became commonly used in homes in the early twentieth century when telephones began to connect internationally.
...he Telephone ~ Bell worked on the harmonic telegraph with his assistant, the electrician Thomas Watson. However, Bell thought of another idea; he believed that he could create a device that would transmit speech electrically. Secretly, he and Watson worked on this device. The first successful two-way conversation of clear speech by Bell and Watson was made on March 10, 1876 when Bell spoke into the device, “Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you.” The men were jubilant after Watson heard the message and came to Bell’s side. Bell did not want to patent the device, since he believed that he needed to improve on it. However, Hubbard found out about the device and applied a patent for it without Bell’s permission. Coincidentally, Bell’s rival Elisha Gray applied for a patent for a telephone-like device, but since Bell’s patent was applied for first, he won the patent.
Many inventions revolutionized society and one example is the telephone, which was introduced to society in 1876. The inventor, Alexander Graham Bell developed this idea and the telephone made him famous because communication would never be the same after the development of the telephone. The telephone made an incredible impact on society. The impact could be seen through the quickness of communication, business, easier communication in wars, and some negative effects too.
beginning in 1998, surf the Friends lists.”( qtd. in Boyd, Ellison) On the other hand a timeline display of the history shows that in 1969 “CompuServe was the first major commercial Internet service provider for the public in the United states…” In 1971, “the first email was delivered.” I agree that the first step to the whole explosion began with the email. Through email people were primarily communicating with each other through the internet and having the ability to use the Short Message Service (SMS) to be ...
The evolution of mass communications has gone through major developments; from etching the beginnings of an alphabet into a rock the size of a standard dinner table to letting a computer recognize words spoken into a speaker as it types away what it hears. Dating back to around 1700 B.C. when the first alphabet was said to come into existence, society has come far in different fields of communications. Nothing made as large of an impact in the world of communications as the revolution of the Internet. Although the impact has been large, the Internet was certainly not the first to revolutionize communications. When many cities started to arise and become industrial-based, there became a need for more technological advancements. When there was one change in the way of living, a domino effect occurred and many more advancements and developments took place. The mass communications of writing, printing, mass media and entertainment have all influenced how we use the Internet and new technology developments today.