The creation of the internet dawned a new way of life for the world in which we live. The internet defies time and space and helps make communication easier and extremely fast, it also helps with networking and connecting people from all over the world making the global implications of the internet absolutely fascinating. Because of this new wave of technology people across the globe are able to communicate and do business with one another on a completely different level. This essay will seek to analyze the global media market the internet has created by researching the history of the internet, its move to a global stand and the global applications that it offers.
History of the Internet
To understand the current global market of the internet, one must first understand how the internet was built. The internet initially started out as the APARNET in the 1960’s, it was set up by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) in September of 1969. ARPA created ARPANET as a way to mobilize research sources in order to build up technological military superiority over the Soviet Union. The original goal was to create an interactive computer network, after this was successful. Scientists wanted to find a way to make the connection to other computers; this created the new concept of a “network of networks” (Castells, 2001: p. 11).
In 1975 ARPANET was transformed by the Defense Communication Agency to make secure connections among the different military branches, which became known as MILNET. ARPANET then became dedicated to research factors and was renamed the Internet and in the 1980’s the Defense Department wanted to commercialize the Internet and there for financed computer manufacturers. By the 1990’s most computers had netwo...
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... world, as its speed is almost instantaneous it defies time and space, and is not constricted by distance and geography. With the use of email and social networking sites people are able to communicate and share different forms of media all over the world. The internet is has created a flow of internationalism and has helped to facilitate to globalization, this is allowing media businesses to become complete and compete on an international level, therefore creating a global media market.
Works Cited
Bakardjieva, M., (2005) Internet Society. London: Sage.
Castells, M., (2001) Internet Galaxy. Oxford: OUP.
Hassan, R and Thomas, J., (2006), The New Media Theory Reader, Berkshire: Open University Press.
Lievrouw, L. and Livingstone, S. (2005) Handbook of New Media, student Edition. London: Sage.
Sleven, J., (2000), The Internet and Society.Cambridge:Polity.
As domestic economies globalize, the line has blurred from where an item is built, where it is sold and where it is serviced. It provides opportunities for individuals in many communities to expand their knowledge and learn about other cultures. Outsourcing has flourished in China and it has enabled its citizens to hone their skills by broadening their education to learn new trades and has created new wealth in a rather lifeless economy. The internet and email has been the main force, for it provides people from all over the world the ability to communicate and learn about each other. The Internet is expanding people’s minds; it facilitates media reform, and to a certain degree may provide legal reform.
Many believe the internet was an over night sensation, that one day, someone invented the internet and it spread in popularity faster than Tickle Me Elmo or the Macarena. Although the internet did have a surge of commercial popularity, with the invention of Mosaic and later with e-commerce, it was created many years ago with the development of military networking technologies. Also, the internet, unlike many pop culture fads of the nineties, will continue to see a growth in popularity and usefulness as a form of media throughout the information age. Sure, the internet became overambitious to the point where many internet start-up companies lost their businesses in the recession of the past few years. The quality of the internet, however, has increased as companies realize that there exists competition and smarter consumers that demand superiority. The internet has taken the world so far in its short commercial life; the future of the internet provides limitless possibilities of a much different future.
Evgeny Morozov’s article “Think again: The Internet” describes the expectations people had about the Internet when it first emerged. People expected the Internet to bring a new era of world peace and to shatter the world’s borders. In the author’s eyes, the actual transformation the Internet brought to the world was the simplification of communication, which is available to almost everyone and the emergence of online shopping. His opinion of the Internet is generally negative; he thinks that it is promoting national borders (his example is the access to free books in Norway, which is only available to people residing in Norway, because it is sponsored by the government), which he calls “Splinternet” (Morozov, E. 2010), and that is is killing foreign news due to cutbacks on foreign correspondents.
From its beginnings, media has always been distributed through networks. Though the networks of today differ greatly from those of before, the basic concept remains the same. There are many definitions of what a network is, and there are numerous types of networks. Media is connected to, and makes use of, more than just one of these types of networks. With the use of today’s expansive and complicated technology, more of these networks are being made accessible to media companies. This essay will be looking at what networks are, the essentially symbiotic relationship between them and media, and will analyse the effects of this relationship on the world at large.
Griffiths, R. T. (2002, 10 11). The History of The Internet, Chapter 2. Retrieved 3 9, 2012, from Leiden University: http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/history/ivh/chap2.htm
What we know today as the Internet began as a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) project in 1969, which was designed to connect several research databases across the country. However, until the end of 1991, the advances were almost completely technical, as the goals set by those responsible in its growth were beyond what the hardware was capable of providing. In 1988, the Internet began to receive attention in the popular press, when the first documented computer virus was released at Cornell University. 1991 marked the beginning of the transition of the Internet as we know it today, with the National Science Foundation’s reinterpretation of its Acceptable Use Policy to allow for commercial traffic across its network, the development of the first graphic interfaces, the formation of the Internet Society, and the formation of ECHO (East Coast Hang Out), one of the first publicly available online communities.
With comparatively new innovations like the internet, global news, and social media, the world in the over the past few decades is larger and more connected than it had ever been before. Humans have access to other cultures and cultural practices in a way that was almost unimaginable to civilizations of the past. Cultures have a chance to commingle and influence each other; economies in an increasingly global market become interdependent on stock and international trade with each other. Countries recently escaping the banner of colonialism both begin to assert their independence and yet still remain forever altered by the culture that was once occupier. The internet and popular culture emerge. Not only do the media have access to different
· James Curran & Michael Gurevitch: (2000): Arnold Publishers “Mass Media And Society: Third Edition”
Internet as a medium has been a thoroughly discussed topic, especially in recent years with the rise of the World Wide Web. Analysis of relevant literature in the topic shows that the internet is not a new medium. This argument can be shown by looking more in depth into what defines a medium and what defines the internet. From that analysis by looking from a historical point of view the internet can be seen as an old medium which uses re-mediation to deliver content to users. The connection between internet and its users has helped the internet influence the way media is viewed today. Although the internet is not a new medium the content it presents is new. The advances in technology have helped the use of the internet reach new heights in terms of interest and it's capabilities are now being utilised by the masses. This rise in popularity has given the implication that the internet is new. These points can be analysed in more depth which has led me to take the stance that the internet is not a new medium.
The internet as we know it developed from a government project to send secure information from one remote computer to another. The DARPA (Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency) began work on the internet in 1973 under the guiding influence of Larry Roberts. He designed the Arpas first network where a machine called an Interface message processor (IMP) would connect individual sites, route messages, scan errors and confirm the arrival of messages at their intended destination. A number of innovations led to the development of the modern internet. First was the development of the computerised bulletin board (today's message boards) by Ward Christensen and Randy Seuss, second was the standardisation of internet access through TCP (transfer Control Protocol) and IP internet protocol, and third was the development of software for information retrieval which would become the WWW. World wide web. (Moschovitis et al)
Gaskins and Jerit (2012) contributed their research on this topic and introduce it by sharing, “these findings have important implications for researchers and industry executives who seek to understand the changing nature of the media environment and its effects on the mass public” (p. 191).
Lule argues that the village encompasses a range of values, knowledge and experience. The function of the global village is to promote interaction between human beings. However, he admits that media is essential in the process of globalization. Hollows (2015) argues that the process of globalization includes several different aspects such as economics, politics and culture. They overlap and interact with each other due to deep historical roots. For Hollows (2015), large Western media corporations are powerful in international markets. They sell media products to other regions. As a consequence, Western nation-states tend to strength their dominance at a global level. Not only does this spread Western values and promote Western cultural identity, but also attracts profits through selling Western products. Foreign media products have a significant impact on local media markets and so impact on the local economy. This economic and cultural influence enables Western countries to also exert political dominance. The developments of media technology is essential to globalization (Lule, 2012). One of the earliest mediums is considered as scrip. The very first forms of writing allowed people to share information with others across long distance and even beyond their own lifetimes. The development of the printing press permitted the transmission of information across the world quickly. Knowledge and values that are rooted in different cultural bases help humans shape the world. Electronic media (film, TV, radio) is the latest breakthrough to foster globalization and digital media enables people to have the ability to gain a wide range of information. According to Lule (2012), one function of the media is to spread cultures, and so to disseminate media products through television, movies and the Internet and interact with
Technology and mass media have been evolving rapidly over the last century. We find proof of this within the development of the internet. Society moved from an era of traditional media to an era we are now in, known as New Media. Dr. Jack Lule, a professor of journalism at Leigh University, defines New Media as media that encompasses all the forms of communication in the digital world, including electronic video games and the Internet. In Dr. Lule’s book Mass Communication, Media, and Culture, he mentions how even this type of New Media is now the most common one we see, traditional media is still loosely in use.
In fact, most media content are no longer merely artistic and informational – they are meant to engage the masses thus to exert profound influence not only on individual development but also on social advancement. No one can deny that in the contemporary world, media, composed of dynamic and various platforms, is widely perceived to be the predominant means of communication. Noticeably, the term media is first used with the advent of newspaper and magazines; yet with the passage of time, the term is broadened by the inventions of radio, television, video and internet, which are all adapted as forms of media that bring the world closer to us. Indeed, media depends on its wild audience coverage, active public engagement and open, two-way communication to create a highly interactive platform through which “humanity, fully connected, collaboratively build and share a global world”(McLuhan 160).Without doubt, media presents a strong impact upon individual and society in the proc...
Nowadays mass media plays a key role in extension of globalization process. The media components such as television, Internet, computers etc. are considered to have a paramount influence on globalization. Also because of globalization process today there is an increased access to a broad range of media, which plays a very important role in shaping human minds and has an immense impact on our society’s personal lives. Thus these two equally important processes interact with each other and provide mutual assistance in the expansion of the sphere of influence.