Early Universe
Discuss the first three minutes after the Big Bang and describe processes responsible for creation of atomic matter.
At t=0 there was no space and no time.
The prevalent theory today, describing the origin of the universe and where it all began is the Big Bang theory. Scientists believe that our almost 14 billion-year-old universe could at one point fit in the palm of one’s hand. In the beginning there was nothing. No space and no time but then came light. A tiny speck of light appeared and inside this tiny fireball was space – this was beginning of time. Time could now flow, and space could expand. The notion that everything in the Universe, all the matter, all the energy and all the galaxies were once contained in a region smaller than the size of a single atom today came from American astronomer Edwin Hubble in the 1920’s. He observed that other galaxies were speeding away from ours, and the further they were, they faster they seemed to travel. The Universe was therefore expanding and the Big Bang theory was born.
Vesto Slipher first discovered the expanding universe due to the redshift of galaxies. The redshift of galaxies is an application of the Doppler effect. The spectrum of a galaxy shows spectral lines due to light absorbed by specific chemical elements in the galaxy. If the wavelength is increasing, and is shifted to the red end of the spectrum, this would imply that the galaxies are moving further apart. If the shift were towards the blue end of the spectrum, this would suggest that they are moving towards each other and hence closer to Earth. Although Slipher observed that a few galaxies did have a blueshift, the majority of galaxies displayed a redshift. Edwin Hubble was then able to use Slip...
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...BIG BANG TIMELINE. [online] Patrickgrant.com. Available at: http://patrickgrant.com/BBTL.htm
Haystack, (2014). Astrochemistry. [online] Available at: http://www.haystack.mit.edu/edu/pcr/Astrochemistry/3%20-%20MATTER/nuclear%20synthesis.pdf
Mastin, L. (2014). Timeline of the Big Bang - The Big Bang and the Big Crunch - The Physics of the Universe. [online] Physicsoftheuniverse.com. Available at: http://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/topics_bigbang_timeline.html
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Nave, R. (2014). Deuterium Abundance. [online] Hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu. Available at: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/astro/deuabund.html
Van Flandern, T. C. (2002). The Top 30 Problems with the Big Bang. Meta Research Bulletin 11, 6-13.
Throughout history there has always been discussions and theories as to how the universe came to be. Where did it come from? How did it happen? Was it through God that the universe was made? These philosophies have been discussed and rejected and new theories have been created. I will discuss three theories from our studies, Kalam’s Cosmological Argument, Aquinas’s Design Argument, and Paley’s Design Argument. In this article, I will discuss the arguments and what these arguments state as their belief. A common belief from these three theories is that the universe is not infinite, meaning that the universe was created and has a beginning date. Each believe that there was a God, deity, or master creator that created the universe for a reason. They also believe that
The Big Bang theory is a theory that states that the universe originated as a single mass, which subsequently exploded. The entire universe was once all in a hot and dense ball, but about 20 million years ago, it exploded. This explosion hurled material all over the place and all mater and space was created at that point in time. The gas that was hurled out cooled and became our stellar system. A red shift is a shift towards longer wavelengths of celestial objects. An example of this is the "Doppler shift." Doppler shift is what makes a car sound lower-pitched as it moves further away. As it turns out, a special version of this everyday life effect applies to light as well. If an astronomical object is moving away from the Earth, its light will be shifted to longer (red) wavelengths. This is significant because this theory indicates the speed of recession of galaxies and the distances between galaxies.
Only after Vesto Slipher, Hubble and others discovered in the second decade of this century that the universe was expanding, it could give a satisfactory explanation for the paradox.
Nave. (2000, August). Expanding Universe. Retrieved January 24, 2014, from Index to Hyper Physics: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/astro/hubble.html
For centuries humans looked up at the sky and wondered where we came from and why we are here. It was this fascination that lead scientists and philosophers to explore the Universe for answers. Over time these answers varied depending on what religion, ideas and technology was available to them. Some believed in an Aristotelian Universe centred around the Earth where others believed in the Copernican Universe which placed our sun in the centre. Most theories were dispelled due to the religious connotations and that it went against their belief of creationism. Like with all theories the specifics of this developed over time, and there have been many countless advances since the first proposal.
Davies, Paul. " Did God Create the Universe." The Intellectual Journey. 2nd edition. Ed John Apczyski. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson Custom Publishing. 2002 75- 88.
For over a hundred years now a battle has been raging over the origin of the Universe and man. Soldiers of Science have drawn the battle lines with each side using various scientific and non - scientific theories as their weapons.
Overbye, D. (2014, March 17). Space Ripples Reveal Big Bang’s Smoking Gun.The New York Times. Retrieved March 21, 2014, from http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/18/science/space/detection-of-waves-in-space-buttresses-landmark-theory-of-big-bang.html?_r=0
The Big Bang Theory is one of the most important, and most discussed topics in cosmology today. As such, it encompasses several smaller components that attempt to explain what happened in the moments after creation, and how the universe we know today came from such a fiery, chaotic universe in the wake of the Big Bang. One major component of the Big Bang theory is nucleosynthesis. We know that several stellar phenomena (including stellar fusion and various types of super novae) are responsible for the formation of all heavy elements up through Plutonium, however, after the advent of the Big Bang theory, we needed a way to explain what types of matter were created to form the earliest stars.!
The Big Bang is a theory that the universe was created in a very large
Impey, Chris. How It Began: A Time-traveler's Guide to the Universe. New York: W.W. Norton, 2012. 123+. Print.
Linde, Andrei, Dmitri Linde, and Arthur Mezhlumian. "From the Big Bang theory to the theory
In today’s society, many topics create a very substantial amount of controversy between different groups of people. From abortion to the healthcare reform, there are countless topics of discussion. One of the major and ongoing controversial topics in the religious society is the Big Bang theory versus Creation. One side of the controversy is, predominately, the scientific community, with the other end obviously being the religious community.
The big bang theory is an attempt to explain how the world began. The big bang theory begins with what is called a “singularity.” This term is used to describe an area in space which defies all the known laws of physics. Singularities are thought to exist at the core of black holes. Black holes are areas of intense gravitational pressure. The pressure is thought to be so intense that matter is pressed together into an infinite amount of pressure. The dense hot mass of the singularity slowly expanded. This process is called inflation. As the singularity expanded the universe went from dense and hot to cool and expansive. Inflation is still continuing on today which means that the universe is continually expanding.
Since the dawn of intelligent man, humanity has speculated about the origins of the universe.