Introduction
In an educational setting disruptive behavior can have a negative effect on students, teachers, and other school faculty members. There have been many studies regarding how children behave in a school setting and how positive changes can be made (Sulzer-Azaroff et al. 1988). A study completed by White and Bailey (1990) addressed how to reduce disruptive behavior of students in a physical education setting. The study used a modified time-out procedure called sit and watch. When the procedure was implemented in two physical education classes, one alternative classroom and one regular classroom, there was a decrease in disruptive behavior. Along with the procedure, there was also a behavioral checklist, for the alternative classroom, and back-up procedures for the regular classroom.
Although the procedure showed that sit and watch was an effective procedure, there may be other reasons for the change. The study by White and Bailey (1990) also discussed that because there were other procedures implemented, besides sit and watch, the procedure alone could not account for the decrease in disruptive behavior and suggested that other studies would need to be performed to verify the results. The back-up procedure in the White and Bailey study (1990) consisted of the students losing either their computer time or losing their free play period for that day or more. Unfortunately, when the study was being performed the teacher decided to use these other procedures, which made it difficult for the authors of the study to clearly state that sit and watch is effective when it is not combined with other procedures.
In the current study, instead of using sit and watch to decrease disruptive behavior in a physical educatio...
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...e Journal ofApplied Behavior Analysis. Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.
References
Bailey, Jon S. and White, Alicia G. (1990). Reducing disruptive behaviors of elementary physical education students with sit and watch. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 23, 353-359.
Horner, R.H., Carr, E.G., Halle, J. McGee, G., Odom, N., & Wolery, M. (2005). The use of single-subject research to identify evidence-based practice in special education. Exceptional Children, 71, 165-179.
Perone, Michael. (1999). Statistical Inference in Behavior Analysis: Experimental Control is Better. The Behavior Analyst, 22, 109-116.
Sulzer-Azaroff, B., Drabman, R. M., Greer, R. D., Hall, R.V., Iwata, B. A., & O'Leary, S. G. (Eds.). (1988).Behavior analysis in education from the Journal ofApplied Behavior Analysis. Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.
Meichenbaum, D. H., Bowers, K. S., & Ross, R. R. (1969). A behavioral analysis of teacher
During direct instruction (fundations, art, social studies, math, morning routine, and music) which was held in the classroom, it was documented that Jayden misbehaved twelve times. For breakfast, lunch, and snack, Jayden displayed inappropriate behavior six times. As for time of day, Jayden misbehaved twelve times before lunch (8:10 am - 11:20 am) and ten times from lunch until dismissal (11:20 am - 2:40 pm). Based on both of the comparisons, majority of the behaviors occurred during direct instruction and before
In my Behavioral Analysis class this semester, we were required to read several research articles detailing various studies conducted within the field of behavior analysis. As this is my major field of interest, I thought it both wise and prudent to share two of the more fascinating studies on my website. Behavior analysis is most commonly associated amongst the general public with rats and a laboratory setting. Pavlov’s conditioning and his dog salivating at the sound of a bell or rats being trained to press levers for food reinforcers most frequently come to mind when asked to give an example of behavior analysis’s capabilities. The field, however, is also extremely capable of creating lasting and effective treatments for people with developmental disorders and addiction.
Milgram, S. (1963). Behavioral study of obedience. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67(4), 371 - 378. Web. 3 June 2015.
It is important for all students to be able to learn in a safe and productive classroom but student misbehavior can be disruptive to that environment. Disruptive misbehavior can be mild and not impact student achievement or it can be serious and affect the entire classroom. Johnny is a fifth grade student who constantly interrupts the class by making faces. A classroom management plan will address Johnny’s individual needs and those of the class.
HYPOTHESIS STATEMENT Sometimes, when preferred staffs are preoccupied with other participants doing activities at the day program and attention is not directly given to Tyrone, Tyrone engages in aggressive behaviours which includes throwing furniture’s or objects to the floor. This is most likely to happen when Tyrone lacks one-one attention from staff at the day program. BEHAVIOUR CHANGE GOALS REDUCTION OF PROBLEM BEHAVIOUR Tyrone would throw furniture’s
The article thoroughly explained how the behavior system worked in their school and gave examples of how the program was implemented and showed improvements. In reading this article, it only provided little information behind the data that was involved in using the program. Overall, the article provided sufficient information has to how the technology can help improve classroom
In light of my School Experience (SE), I will be analysing, discussing and evaluating an aspect of classroom practice. The practice that I have chosen is ‘Behaviour Management’. Behaviour management plays a key role within the classroom and there are a number of techniques used by teachers on a day to day basis. I will look at these techniques in detail, analysing and evaluating them with the work of behaviour management authors and also taking into account my SE observations.
Noncompliance has several negative impacts on an individual. Firstly, noncompliance to requests or instructions can hinder a child from learning. This is especially so for children who engages in noncompliance behaviours maintained by escape. A child’s learning will be affected if he is often out of the class, taking away opportunities for him to learn new skills. Thus, compliance with teacher instructions in classroom settings is critical for effective learning (Martens & Kelly, 1993). In addition, noncompliance affects social skills development as the child may learn to engage in inappropriate behaviours to gain attention or escape from demand. These inappropriate behaviours may in turn affect positive social interactions with his peers and teachers. Secondly, noncompliance also limits access to potential job opportunities, especially for growing individuals with learning and developmental disabilities. Ability to comply to instructions and requests from supervisor is a necessary skill required of an employee. In addition, noncompliance are often made worse when individuals engage in aggression or self-injurious behaviours to escape from demands. Noncompliance, coupled with inappropriate behaviours, ...
Carlson, N.R. and Heth, C.D. (2009). Psychology the Science of Behavior. Toronto Pearson Education Canada.
Movement is one of the most highly debated topics among teachers today, as every individual has his/her own opinions in their teaching philosophy. Teachers must get around barriers caused by the high priorities of standardized testing and low effort to include movement in their classroom; therefore, it puts too much stress on the general education teachers. There are insufficient amounts of space to complete activities requiring movement when in a classroom; therefore, the teachers are incapable of safely navigating students around the room. Some students will refuse to participate in different physical activities, causing frustration when teachers are trying to plan full class activities, and this takes away from academic instruction. It is often that educators exclude these physical activities from the classroom due to stress that is put on the schools to perform higher academically; however, studies show exercise may be a large factor in the student’s performance. There are so many ways to incorporate movement into the lessons that increase the students’ academic achievements while motivating them. As space is limited in the classroom, during the warmer months, teachers can use the outdoors as an engaging experience to refresh the students’ minds and prepare them for new lessons. Physical activities can also be used to reinforce information that was previously taught during lessons to increase the student’s knowledge of the topic. Opinions vary from one person to another, but there is only one way to find the effects that exercise has on the student’s abilities. Physical activity should be incorporated into the classroom because it promotes cognition and academic achievement, improves student behavior and attitud...
Gravetter, F. J., & Wallnau, L. B. (2008). Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences
In conclusion, the theory of behaviorism is based on observable behaviors for easier quantification and data collection. Effective techniques such as behavior intervention and discrete trial training originate from this school of thought. The approaches are very essential in altering the maladaptive behaviors in adults and children (Cherry, 2011). Today, conditioning and the use of reward and punishment are used to help people learn accepted behavior and in other cases to help them stop problematic behavior (Coon & Mitterer, 2008). This has made behavior modification and training easy and possible. Therefore, Dr. John Watson played a tremendous role in the transition of psychology from the work of earlier scholars to the modern scholars.
Mazurek, K. & Winzer, M.A. (Eds.). (1994). Comparative Studies in Special Education. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press.
When one allows some form of behavior to thrive in the classroom without proper guidance, it quickly develops into unacceptable behavior. It is better to prevent classroom incivility than to deal with the consequences later on. The instructors can incorporate their expectations of behavior in the class syllabus and revisit them from time to time. These may include class attendance, lateness, and use of laptops during class, and side talking. Clear policies should be set regarding the punishments for breaking any of the set rules. The institution’s code of conduct and the penalties for grave breaches should also be included so that students are aware of the policies and the expectations of the institution (Miller et al.