Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure. Their radius is generally in the range of a few nanometers. It is a hollow structure with the walls formed by one-atom-thick sheets of carbon, called grapheme, and thus belong to the fullerene structural family forming from a single structural component. The difference in the types of CNTs id formed on the basis of the specific angle at which the graphene sheet is rolled. Hence there are three types of nanotubes based on the rolling angle:- 1. Armchair 2. Zigzag 3. Chiral On the basis of number of CNTs encased:- 1. Single-walled nanotubes(SWNTs) 2. Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) Properties Individual nanotubes naturally align themselves into "ropes" held together by van der Waals forces called pi-stacking. They are very stiff with tensile stregnths in 13-60 Gpa range though, they cannot bear compressive stress and break easily when force in radial direction is applied. They can be conductive or semi-conductive based on the type of CNT, and are generely anisotropic in nature.All nanotubes are very ...
Fast and fatigue resistant fibers are faster in contractions. Fast and fatigue resistant fibers maintains force production after contractions. These fibers are the opposite of slow fibers, instead they have a high ATP and glycolytic activity and have a low oxidative capacity. The fast fatigable have high contractions rates and large forces, but they cannot maintain tensions...
Total deformation of connecting rod after applied pressure of 16 Mpa is shown in figure no. 8.Small end of connecting rod will show the maximum deformation & there will be no any deformation at big end of connecting rod as it is fixed. The maximum deformation of 1.252 e-8 mm will occur at small end.
The first term that I noted during the movie was Conductive Polymers. Conductive polymers are almost always organic meaning a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. These polymers have extended delocalized bonds which are bonds found in a molecule that do not belong to a single atom or covalent bond. They are conjugated systems of double bonds and in a aromatic systems. The conjugated systems are atoms covalently bonded with alternating single and double bonds. When the electrons are removed or added into the valence bands the electrical conductivity increases. The conductive polymer has a low conductivity until the electron is removed from the valence band called (p-doping) or (n-doping) until it becomes more conductive. The movement of the charges is what is responsible for electrical conductivity. These polymers are plastic which are organic polymers and with mechanical properties such as flexibility and elasticity.
These include, high strength, low weight, high chemical resistance and high cut resistance. This material does not corrode or rust and is also unaffected when placed in or under water.
Berger, M. (n.d.). Carbon Nanotubes could make t-shirts bulletproof. Retrieved March 11, 2014, from Nano Werk: http://nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotids1054.php
Nanotechnology is the manipulation of structures at nano levels. It uses incredibly small materials, devices, and systems to manipulate matter. These structures are measured in nanometers, or one billionth of a meter, and can be used by themselves or as part of larg...
This maximises the intermolecular forces between the chains as they are able to pack closely together. However, this reduces the flexibility and is therefore quite rigid and strong. This isotactic polyvinyl chloride structure occurs very little. Another structure that is produced very little is the syndiotactic PVC. The syndiotactic PVC has a regular arrangement and has similar properties of flexibility, rigidity and strength to the isotactic PVC as shown in Figure #.
Laws such as the lever law and Euler’s Buckling Theorem come into play when testing and competition begins. A structure of wood and glue surely has much more to offer than meets the eye.
When put together on a plate, the noodles then become a tangled mess. The mixtures of the polymer strands will give some viscosity, a cross-linking reactant, is also present in slime to give it the non-newtonian liquid behaviour. The tangled reactants are ions that help the polymer strands connect with weak ionic bonds for a limited time. These bonds, ironically, are strong enough to hold the polymer strands together, yet, but not strong enough to make the entire thing a
early 1990’s, no such material was known. In 1991, carbon nanotubes were discovered. Although not
Graphene refers to a single layer of graphite, with sp2 hybridized carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal...
This is know as resistivity. The factors I can investigate are : Ÿ Temperature Ÿ Length Ÿ Cross-sectional area/width Ÿ Material (resistivity) The factor I shall investigate is the length of a wire. Background Knowledge Resistance is when electrons travelling through the wire are impeded by the atoms within the wire. Since the electrons are charge carriers when they collide with the atoms in the wire less pass through.
These tetrahedrons together form a 3-dimensional network of six-membered carbon rings (similar to cyclohexane), in the chair conformation, allowing for zero bond angle strain.
There are formulas to calculate electrical conductivity and resistivity. Conductivity is defined as the inverse of resistivity (a high conductivity means a low resistance), I=V/R or current equals voltage over resistance. This is known as Ohm’s Law. Electrical resistance is calculated by the formula, R=V/I or resistance equals voltage over current. Ohm’s law however does not hold true if temperature changes. Materials that obey Ohm’s law are known as ohmic or linear because the potential difference across it varies linearly with the current. In addition, whether or not a material obeys Ohm’s law its resistance can be described in bulk resistivity. Furthermore, over sizable ranges of temperature, this temperature depe...
Graphite is another form of carbon. It occurs as a mineral in nature, but it can be made artificially from amorphous carbon. One of the main uses for graphite is for its lubricating qualities. Another is for the "lead" in pencils. Graphite is used as a heat resistant material and an electricity conductor. It is also used in nuclear reactors as a lubricator (Kinoshita 119-127).