There are many different kinds of psychological perspectives such has the Socio-cultural and Psychoanalytic approach. Looking at these topics within Psychology, it is understood that Psychology is about human behaviour and the environmental factors that influence this behaviour. To understand the case study of Tumi, the perspectives mentioned above will be applied with the aid of psychological knowledge to explain her unfounded experiences.
The interpretation of human behaviour varies and so came about different perspectives or aspects of Psychology, one of them being the Psychoanalytic approach discovered by Sigmund Freud in 1917 (Santrock, 2003). This advance emphasized the unconscious thoughts, relating to biological instincts and society’s demands, as well as early family experiences (Santrock, 2003).
Nolen-Hoeksema et al., (2009) describes the unconscious as the beliefs, attitudes, impulses and feelings which we are unaware of, yet still influence our behaviour. She went on to say that they are expressed in imaginings, slips of the tongue, and observable behaviour. Freud believed many of the impulses that are forbidden or punished have originated from inborn instinct, a fixed pattern of behaviour, and must be dealt with or it gets forced out through the unconscious (Nolen-Hoeksema, Frederickson, Loftus & Wagenaar, 2009). Some argue that people are not masters of their own minds and that behaviour is significantly predisposed by how people manage their sexual urges (Weiten, 2012). The most common method in therapy was “free association” in which the patient was instructed to say whatever comes to mind, this was a way of bringing the unconscious wishes into awareness (Nolen-Hoeksema et al., 2009). Freud also treated his p...
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In Psychology, various different explanations of behaviour and the intellect have been presented and debated over the years such as the psychodynamic, behavioral, biological and humanistic approach. The biological approach aims to provide explanation is concerned with how behaviour is affected by physiological systems and mechanisms (Barnes, 2013). This approach assumptions usually explore physiological and evolutionary explanations to behaviour. In opposition to this, the Psychoanalytic approach presents an explanation to psychological occurrence by exploring
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The psychoanalytic perspective grew out of subsequent psychoanalytic theories (1901, 1924, and 1940) following decades of interactions with clients with the use of an innovative procedure developed by Sigmund Freud that required lengthy verbal interactions with patients during which Freud probed deep into their lives. In a nutshell, the psychoanalytic perspective looked to explain personality, motivation, and psychological disorders by focussing on the influence of early childhood experiences, on unconscious motives and conflicts, and on the methods people use to cope with their sexual and aggressive urges. The Biological perspective on the other hand looks at the physiological bases of behaviour in humans and animals. It proposes that an organism’s functioning can be described in terms of the bodily structures and biochemical processes that cause behaviour. This paper attempts to examine the similarities and differences between the psychoanalytic perspective and the biological perspective with the key focus on the core assumptions and features of these perspectives as well as their individual strengths and weaknesses.
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The psychoanalytic perspective was first discovered by Sigmund Freud which uncovers the nature of the mind and leads to the discovery of the unconscious. The unconscious is layered underneath as the proprietary element of the individuals mind, it is built over time and is only revealed through dreams, and slips. The development of the unconscious can be built at an early stage, as it shapes our personality. The individual does not have access to the unconscious as it’s deep in the mind and we find these events and feelings unacceptable for our conscious.
The field of psychology has opened different hypothesis from a variety of theories with the aim of studying the behaviour of humans being as a result they concluded with five psychological perspectives. Behaviourist, Biological, Psychodynamic, Cognitive and Humanistic perspectives are the deduction after a depth study of mental activity associate to human behaviour. In this essay I will be comparing two psychological perspectives according to aggressive behaviour.
The thought process that drives the psychodynamic theory is that our histories greatly influence the people we turn out to be. The psychodynamic theory emphasizes the importance that relationships, especially those developed in the early stages of life, have on our development. This theory is also motivated by the assumption that our emotions or states of mind are the driving forces behind our actions (Dean, 2002). This theory focuses on childhood trauma, and how this can influence the way a person acts for the rest of his or her life. Freud was the first practitioner to make the parallel between internal and external factors. He realized that people
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The five major theoretical perspectives in psychology are biological, learning, cognitive, psychodynamic, and sociocultural perspectives. Each one of these perspectives searches for answers about behavior through different techniques and through looking for answers to different kinds of questions. Due to the different approaches, each perspective form their own assumptions and explanations. Some perspectives are widely accepted while others struggle for acceptance.
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In conclusion, Freud’s reputation and fame grew enormously especially in the field of social science; he continued to write effectively until his death. In his lifetime he produced more than twenty volumes of scientifically sound work and clinical studies. After a life of hard work, resilience, dedication, and vigor in research, he died of cancer while exiled in England in 1939. He is truly one of the main contributors and founding fathers of physiological
Psychoanalysis is an approach to the understanding of human behaviour by Freud and other famous psychologists. It is a method of treating mental and emotional disorders by discussion and analysis of one’s thoughts and feelings. It relies on the therapist’s ability to make the unconscious conscious and to help guide the patients to resolve their underlying conflicts. It is based on past experiences, but there is limited empirical evidence that supports this theory as it deals with the emotional side of psychology and lacks scientific rigour, partly because there are too many variables involved to enable it to be a controlled study. But that doesn’t mean to say that it is not true, it is just extremely difficult to confirm.
Personality is an individual’s characteristic pattern of feeling, thinking and acting. Psychodynamic theories of personality view human behavior as a dynamic interaction between the conscious mind and unconscious mind, including associated motives and conflicts (Myers & Dewall, pg# 572, 2015). These theories focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences. Psychodynamic theories are descended from Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis, which is his ideology of personality and the associated treatment techniques. Psychoanalysis attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. This theory also includes the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions. He proposed that childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations influence personality. Freud’s historically significant psychoanalytic theory became part of the human cultural legacy.