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short note on personal ethics
ethical decision making model
ethical decision making model
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Introduction
It is the purpose of this paper to explain the process by which I have come to develop my own ethical framework and apply this framework to an ethical dilemma. I have discovered through my research that an ethical framework is a collection of guidelines, usually in question format, that function together to support and reinforce the ethical decision-making process. Ethical frameworks can be designed and applied in both personal life settings and professional work environments. By implementing an ethical framework, whether for personal use or for a professional environment, individuals, team-members and leaders can be assured that the decisions they are making are thought-out and their actions are ethical.
When I started to think about developing an ethical framework my first thought was of Isaac Newton, who is commonly known for the idea that, for every action there is a reaction. This thought became the foundation upon which I began my research. I obtained articles that contemplated the role of values, personality, and emotions within the ethical decision-making process. I paired this research with a well-developed ethical framework by Santa Clara University and James Rest’s Model of Moral Action. These developed ideas and ethical decision-making foundations allowed me to contemplate, identify and understand how I could come to ethical decisions and how these decisions would determine my ethical actions.
Ethical Framework: Starting with Research
Outlined in Organizational Ethics by Craig Johnson (2012) are the “Components of Personal Ethical Development” (Johnson, 2012, p. 49). This is where my research began; I felt that it was important to first identify my current state of moral behavior and values. “...
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...ics , 31 (2), 175-187: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25074527
Johnson, C. E. (2012). Organizational Ethics: A Practical Approach. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Moberg, J. D. (2000). Time Pressure and Ethical Decision-Making: The Case for Moral Readiness. Business & Professional Ethics Journal , 19 (2), 41-67: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27801220
Sims, R., & Keon, T. L. (2000). The Influence of Organizational Expectations on Ethical Decision Making Conflict. Journal of Business Ethics , 23 (2), 219-228: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25074237
Sharma, P., & Bhal, K. T. (2003). Impact of Personality Factors on Ethical Frameworks and Ethical Decision Making. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations , 38 (3), 297-317: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27767850
Robinson, D., & Garrett, C. (2008). Introducing Ethics: A Graphic Guide. London: Icon Books, Ltd.
Ethical decision-making is the responsibility of everyone, regardless of position or level within an organization. Interestingly, the importance of stressing employee awareness, improving decisions, and coming to an ethical resolution are the greatest benefits to most companies in today’s world (Weber, 2015).
Ethical frameworks assist managers during the decision-making process. Complex decisions can create moral distress. Moral distress occurs when an individual encounters a situation which
Trevino, L. K., & Nelson, K. A. (2011). Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right. New York: John Wiley.
Trevino, L., & Nelson, K. (2011). Managing business ethics - straight talk about how to
Workplace ethics engages in judgements and collective agreements regarding a suitable guide of behaviour. The ethical decision making framework (EDM) presents, business decision is ethical or unethical.EDM provides an indication of traditional decision making process and issues that manipulate ethical decisions. Employees tend to fraud because they can experience the unfair treatments or situation that they face. Manages may ask employee to work long hours, and then they can take additional time off. Good performance leads to remunerations and appreciation managers than workers.
In today’s global society, a Code of Ethics policy is used to label established, acceptable behaviors among that industry’s business associates, potential investors, and the corporation’s executive officers and employees, and most important, the consumer (Ethics Resource Center, 2003). In an attempt to promote an increased efficiency and productivity potential level, among employees and prospective clients, a corporation’s standard Code of Ethics should guide its members toward a more in-depth examination of their personal moral activity, and how these actions affect the people or acquaintances they encounter. A company should utilize this strategy as a model for the professional behaviors and responsibilities of its constituents, and proves the occupational advancement of that business. Ethics are important in every level of a corporation, but specifically in the day-to-day actions of its members, and the image the company broadcasts to its associates is fundamental in building a stable business foundation. These pledges are a vital communication tool used to covey the firm’s standards for business operations, and predominantly, its relationships with the surrounding communities (Ethics Resource Center, 2003).
For this paper Washington Mutual has been selected to show how the ethical decision making process can be achieve. When it comes to business ethics in the workplace Washington Mutual has designed what can be considered a well balanced workplace with behaviors that are aligned with their moral values and business ethics. Business ethics are sometimes depicted as resolving conflicts where one option can appear to be the correct choice. There are many different ethical dilemmas that are faced by managers and leaders everyday that are highly complex and have no clear choice or guidelines to assist in making the choices for resolution. There are times when an employee has to decide whether or not to cheat, lie, steal, or break their contract. These ethical decisions are real-life situations where they are forced to make on a daily basis. This is why it is ultimately important that all employee know the six steps to ethical decision making that the company uses.
Many ethical dilemmas are philosophical in nature, an ethical issue can be described as a problem with no clear resolution. In order to solve the issue or dilemma a consensus between the parties involved must be reached. There are several reasons to come to an agreement over an ethical dilemma, it is the basis for all aspects of personal and professional dealings. Each one of us is part of a civilized society and as such it is our responsibility to be rational, honest and loyal in our dealings with others. (Alakavuklar, 2012) states that individuals make decisions for different situations in business life involving various ethical dilemmas. Each time either consciously or unconsciously individuals may follow some ethical approaches
Human beings are confronted with numerous issues throughout his or her lifetime that would require him or her to examine the best action to take to avoid the damaging consequences. In most cases, individuals restrain his or her action to take into consideration the consequences that may lead to the right or wrong behavior. One’s ethical and moral standards are first learned at an early age from his or her culture, how he or she is raised, religious background, and social system. Scientifically, there are various ethical theories, such as the virtue theory, deontological ethics, and utilitarianism (Boylan, 2009). By understanding these theories one can compare, contrast and uncover the reasoning behind his or her ethical and moral standards.
In this level, societal, organizational, and industry culture determine the decision-making process. The societal values shape the manner in which ethical decisions are made at both the organization and individual levels. On the other hand, the industry culture defines the ethical patterns of a particular organization. Though a company may be operating independently, the interactions within the industry set a pattern of certain behaviors that affects the individual and corporation ethics. For instance, intense competition may push an organization into making a morally wrong decision to heighten revenues and stay competitive. Organizational culture also shapes the ethical atmosphere of the company. Dissolution can also be caused by contextual factors. The situation affects; whether the individual or group realizes the component of the decision; the decision itself; and whether the group or individual carries out the unethical action (Jackson,
Everyone in this world has experienced an ethical dilemma in different situations and this may arise between one or more individuals. Ethical dilemma is a situation where people have to make complex decisions and are influenced based on personal interest, social environment or norms, and religious beliefs (“Strategic Leadership”, n.d.). The leaders and managers in the company should set guidelines to ensure employees are aware and have a better chance to solve and make ethical decisions. Employees are also responsible in understanding their ethical obligations in order to maintain a positive work environment. The purpose of this case study is to identify the dilemma and analyze different decisions to find ways on how a person should act
Stead, W. E., Worrell, D. L., & Stead, J. G. (1990). An integrative model for understanding and managing ethical behavior in business organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, 9(3), 233-242. Doi: 10.1007/BF00382649
Making good ethical decisions requires a trained sensitivity to ethical issues and a practiced method for exploring the ethical aspects of a decision and weighing the considerations that should impact our choice of a course of action. Having a method for ethical decision making is absolutely essential. When practiced regularly, the method becomes so familiar that we work through it automatically without consulting the specific steps.
Catherine Rainbow. (2002). Descriptions of Ethical Theories and Principles. Available: http://www.bio.davidson.edu/people/kabernd/indep/carainbow/theories.htm. Last accessed 22cnd Mar 2014.
Treviño, L. K., & Nelson, K. A. (2007). Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right Fourth ed., Retrieved on July 30, 2010 from www.ecampus.phoenix.edu