Chapter I
The Problem and its Setting
Introduction
In recent years, increasing awareness of water pollution and its far reaching effects has prompted concerted efforts towards pollution abatement. There are so many pollutants (bacteria, heavy metals, chemical, etc.) found in water. If we do not find solutions to clean our water, our marine animals will die.
According to Prof. Mercedez Cabling of Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology that the condition of Nabao creek was in danger. So, we decide to have an experiment that can help in degrading pollutants in water but in a cheaper way, we will only use peanut shell. Peanut shell is one of the biggest food industry waste product, could be use to extract those pollutants in water. Peanut shell can absorb chemicals in water.
The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of peanut shell in degrading pollutants in water and with the help of charcoal filter. Though the industry uses many chemical processes to remove heavy metals for wastewater, most of them are highly expensive. This new method seems to be cheaper and eco-friendly.
Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to determine the potential of peanut shell as tools to degrade pollutants in water and to clean industrial-wastewater pollutants. Especially, it sought to answer the following questions:
1. What are the effects of the said experiment applied to the water as a treatment of filtering?
2. What are the limitations and the boundaries of the said experiment to avoid side effects and harming the environment?
3. Is there any significance among the treatment applied on clean other polluted creeks in the Philippines?
4. Hypothesis
Based on the foregoing experiments of the resea...
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...se more peanut shell and soaked the peanut shell in a short period of time.
Appendices
Nabao Creek
Get water from Nabao Creek
Peanut shell
60g peanut shell 40g peanut shell
20g peanut shell
Water with Peanut shell
After we filter with peanut shell
Charcoal
Filter the water with Charcoal Filter
Result of the Study
Bibliography
Bekman S.(2009)10 Water Purification: Physical Treatment: Activated Charcoal Filter;retrieve from http://stason.org/TULARC/sports/survival-water-treatment/10-Water-Purification-Physical-Treatment-Activated-Charcoa.html on September 25,2009
For this whole project on the Conodoguinet creek we are trying to figure out whether or not the creek is polluted. Therefore in this project we had to form a hypothesis. My hypothesis was,If we test the Conodoguinet Creek for signs of acid rain, eutrophication or other types of pollution, at the instant when we perform the experiments we'll know whether or not the creek is polluted. Eutrophication, which is excessive richness in nutrients in a body of water due to runoff, causes a dense growth of plant life and death of macroinvertebrates due to lack of oxygen, has been a problem in the Conodoguinet Creek. In conjunction with Eutrophication, Acid rain which is, a rainfall that damages or harms the water environment has also been a key factor
Set the cup inside another beaker, fill the cup with 2 cm. of wet sand.
The water will now be void of chlorine and this factor will no longer have an effect on the results.
Lead is a naturally occurring metal used in various industrial goods from pipes, paints, and well linings. Lead is a greyish heavy metal that is harmful if swallowed or breathed in. Lead can be handled without gloves, but should be limited and a thorough hand cleaning is needed afterwards 1. Lead originates from the Greek word “Protos”, which means first 2. Lead is known to be introduced into groundwater by contact with old lead pipes, runoff of lead based paint, leaded gasoline leakage, and automobile air emissions 3. Lead poisoning can greatly affect people such as “brain and nervous system damage, and particularly mental development impairment in children; reproductive system interference including effects such as premature infant and low births; circulatory system damage such as O2 absorption decrease and increase in blood pressure; and kidneys malfunctioning” (Kinder, 1997) 4. Lead contamination can be found anywhere lead is used or refined. As it is a naturally occurring metal, lead tends to seep into the ground easily with the assistance of water and its abundant use in manufacturing. Lead is transported into the system mainly by leeching by contact into the water source by older lead pipes, fittings, and various lead lined containers 5. Currently there is no other viable way to remove lead contamination from groundwater other than to pump and treat either in mass quantities or through reverse osmosis, distillation, or carbon filters 6. The main course of action and most reliable is to remove the source of the lead from contact with water 7.
The environment is the topic of conversation at every level of nations, governments, institutions, and private homes. As the population and globalization grow it aides in the expansion of industries that causes pollutants of chemicals and particles in the air and the waters on the planet. The needs and demands for energy to support the growth of industries occurring around the world have provided opportunity for expansion of nuclear power plants and coal power plants. With every facility that opens for operation the increase of pollution occur to the environment. Pollutants in the water and air have had a negative effect to the health of the citizens as well as the ecosystem. The research will focus on industrial pollution and its effects to the water supply, in turn its effects on public health and the environment. The population growth and demand throughout the industrialized and developed world, has provided a pass to industries over the years to operate without oversight. Prior to the societal and governmental concern or attention, industries disposed of industrial pollutants and toxic materials into the waterways and ocean. The process manufacturing took to dispose a large amount of waste has been unconventional throughout the centuries. Manufacturing disposal is a source of water pollution and many industrial facilities waste is washed away absorbed into the water system, which in turn goes into rivers, lakes and oceans.
The methodology adopted in this paper was the following. First, the composition and the life cycle of plastics were briefly discussed. Second, the benefits from plastics were elucidated and their inevitability in India established. Third, the ecological harms and health hazards caused by plastics were elaborated. Fourth, the viability of command-and-control measures for addressing these harms and hazards was 21 investigated. Finally, the competence of market-based solutions in this regard was
Oroian, Viman Oana I. "Damaging Effects of Overall Water Pollution." BioFlux (2010): 113-15. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.
The main source of freshwater pollution from the palm oil industry comes from processing wastes. For every metric tonne of palm oil produced, 2.5 metric tonnes of effluent are generated from processing the palm oil in mills. Being the average biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of palm oil processing effluent 25,000 parts per million, it makes it illegal to discharged it. This is the case in some countries like in Malaysia where the BOD level must be below 100 parts per million before effluent can be legally discharged into streams.
There are countless sources of water pollutions that exist today due to our industrious and technologically advanced lifestyles. However, the most vexing is caused by the most basic necessity for survival, Agricultural Pollution. Agricultural Pollution is defined as, “ liquid and solid wastes from all types of farming activities, including run-off from pesticide and fertilizer use, and from feedlots; erosion and dust from ploughing; animal manure and carcasses; and crop residues and debris. In essence Agricultural Pollution is a nonpoint source water pollutant since it comes from various locations and cannot be pinpointed” (EPA-web). Although there are many practices already in place that will decrease the pollution, increase productivity, and save farmers money in the long run, the farmers are careful to change practices.
Plastic waste harmfully affects the environment because , fish and other marine animals are getting toxins in them. We consume the fish that may have the toxins from plastic . We all know that all creatures are apart of the food-web , so if one species of an animal starts to die the who...
Phytoremediation is a novel, efficient, environmentally friendly, low-cost technology, which uses plants and trees to clean up soil and water contaminated with heavy metals and/or organic contaminants such as solvents, crude oil, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and other toxic compounds from contaminated environments. This technology is useful for soil and water remediation.
“Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water. In almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities.” (Conserve-Energy-Future) Rivers, streams, canals, lakes, and oceans are receptacles for every imaginable kind of pollution. Even though water has the capacity to break down or dissolve many materials, especially organic compounds, pollution in our bodies of water are becoming a large problem. Pollutants such as metals, plastics, and some chlorinated hydrocarbons remain in the water and can make it poisonous for most forms of life. Even biodegradable pollutants can damage a water supply for long periods and the life forms within the water start to suffer damage due to pollution.
Today's waters are constantly being treated like sewage dumps or trash cans. We use them as garbage cans every day polluting the water more and more. "Pollution is often by way of rivers, drains and outflow pipes." Causing an outflow of sewage into our ocean waters. This is not only affecting the community but also the marine life and other sea creatures living in the ocean." This pollution includes human sewage and domestic waste water, factory outflows of acids and poisonous metals, engine oil from roadside drains and garages, farm chemicals washed off the land by rain, building-site rubble, nuclear waste from power plants, and oil from wells, refineries, and tankers." Stating that most of today's waste is from factory or factory ran products that shouldn't be polluting the water
Increased in population, urbanization, agriculture and industrialization are the reasons behind the downgrade of the water quality in the Philippines. As per Water Environment Partnership in Asia (WEPA, 2014), water contamination’s belongings costs the Philippines roughly $1.3 billion or PHP65.9 billion annually. Greenpeace reported that the water contamination in the Philippines is generally wastewater from the accompanying sources such as Industrial; the metal shifts as per industry like lead, mercury, chromium, cadmium and cyanide; Organic agricultural like rotted plants, dead creatures animal’s excrements, soil spillover and non-natural pesticides and manures; Household sewage contains pathogens that undermine human well-being and life; and lastly the Different sources such as Oil, substance spills or mine and elicit dumping directly or near water sources. (Marrone, R.
Water plays such an important role in our daily lives. 70% of our body is composed of water. 70% of the earth surface is also made up of water, but out of the 70%, only 1/3 of water is consumable. In fact, this amount has been continuously to decrease as more and more industries began to pollute and damage the water. For example, many toxic chemicals may be released into the water thus making the water impure. Such pollutions and damages lead the water to be contaminated and inconsumable as it may cause severe diseases. Water purification can remove all the unnecessary bacteria and viruses from the water that is hazardous for our health. Water purification may also improve the flavor and appearance of water. It removes the unpleasant odor. Therefore, water purification became one of the most useful and popular process used by people all over the world today. It is by far the most recommended and safest water treatment that is commonly used to purify damaged water into consumable water. Water purification provides us with safe, pure and clean water to consume and use.