Defining Ombudsman
1. A man who investigates complaints and mediates fair settlements, especially between aggrieved parties such as consumers or students and an institution or organization.
2. A government official, especially in Scandinavian countries, who investigates citizens' complaints against the government or its functionaries.”
Later on, the word “ombuds” has been defined by the www.answers.com , as “commissioner, agent”, derived from the Old Norse umbodh, “charge, commission, administration be delegacy.” Ombudsmanship is a Swedish concept, as in 1809 the office of riksdagens justitieombudsman, was formed, which was responsible to serve as an “agent of justice, that is, to see after the interests of justice, that is, to see after the interests of justice in affairs between the government and its citizens.” The term concept was later adopted by different regions of the world and is being practiced at large up to this date.
Who is a corporate ombudsman?
In corporate context, as defined by The Merriam Webster’s dictionary, “an ombudsman is a representative of the organisation’s consciousness. An advocate of ‘fairness’, he is expected to resolve conflicts and employee concerns in the organisation, guided by the principles of justice, objectivity, confidentiality and independence.
...zations need somebody outside the company, constantly asking good questions in order to avoid ethical situations. Another important duty for board members is to have understanding of director’s activities to avoid conflict of interest. The main area of concern is investigating reports of ethical misconduct by directors. These investigations can be serious affairs requiring thoroughness and tact. Even if initial incidents appear to be frivolous, investigations can uncover serious ethical lapses. The board can have external investigators under corporate governance program to investigate all reports and conduct of directors.
The three things required for whistle blowing to take place are- wrong-doer (who commits the wrong-doing), whistle-blower (who observes and reports the wrong-doing) and recipient (who receives the report of wrong-doing) (Near & Miceli, 1996). Often whistle-blowers face retaliation for their actions which, according to a research by Near & Miceli (1996), correlates to ‘situational characteristics’ and occurs more often when the whistle-blower uses external rather than internal sources of reporting. There is a large literature dedicated wholly to Nancy Olivieri. The several hundred pages of reports were written-“Naimark Report” commissioned by the HSC, “Thompson report” commissioned by CAUT and “Report of inquiry committee” of CPSO (Schafer, 2004).
It used to be that whistleblowers were applauded, and they still are in the private sector, but it seems as if government whistleblowers are criticized and many are even criminally charged. There is certainly a different take on their activities. In fact, some advocates counsel federal employees not to come forward with information because if they do, their lives will be destroyed (Shulman, 2007). What often happens is that they will never be able to work in their careers again in the same capacity (Shulman, 2007). Many whistleblowers not only lose their jobs, but they lose their families and friends, and much of their money ends up going to attorneys (Shulman, 2007). Indeed, in today’s day and age, there is a surge of whistleblowers prosecutions, and it is quite worrisome (Burghardt, 2011). Are the rights of citizens being eroded in order to protect bureaucratic secrets? Many case studies in this area support the notion that thing have gone awry. First, we shall look at the concept of whistleblowers
In the 1970’s, Ralph Nard coined the term whistleblower referring to when a referee blows a whistle to indicate an illegal or foul play. Oxford dictionaries define whistleblower as “a person who informs on a person or organization regarded as engaging in an unlawful or immoral activity.” This can be in either the government or corporations. The debate on whistleblowers continues to be pertinent in light of recent scandals. Many believe in the value of transparency, but disagree about the correct way to achieve it. This is why we created laws, such as the Whistleblower Act and the Espionage Act. The Whistleblower Act was put in place in order to protect “[A]ny disclosure of information” that a covered employee “reasonably believes” evidences “a violation of any law, rule, or ...
Mediation is one of the oldest forms of ADR. The mediator works with both sides in the dispute to facilitate a resolution. The mediator will talk to both sides separately as well as jointly in order to help both sides evaluate their options. Although the mediator can propose solutions to both parties, the mediator does not make a decision resolving the matter. There’s no requirement that states the mediator need to be a lawyer.
Bureaucracies are an important sense of strength in a democracy because they serve as sources of stability. While elected officials may leave office and may be
Honest and trustworthy and should be able to be trusted to handle money and confidential information on behalf of the
Post (2006) states that if democracy requires that citizens experience their government as their own, as representing them, they must experience the state is some way responsive to their values and ideas (p.27). Moreover, I believe that the democratic governance is the foundation of bureaucratic ethics. Bureaucracy addresses public systems, provides structure, and efficient to establish rules and for the way we operate. However, Goodsell (2004) argues that the diversion of bureaucracy is positive although there is a lot of untrusted amongst the administration. In agreement with Goodsell, (2004) he states that the opposed arguments indicate that the bureaucracy has a poor performance are excessive power, and oppression of the individuals. Lastly, ( article) ) proclaims that the government blocks all forms of communication outside of the
Ever since I can remember, I have always tried to negotiate for my family and friends during an argument or disagreement. I enjoy helping opposing sides of a quarrel come to an acceptable conclusion. Because of my mitigation abilities, many of my friends have suggested that they could see me becoming a lawyer when I grow up. However, I have little patience for all of the legal maneuvering and formalities found in a typical courtroom proceeding. I had all but dismissed this career path until I heard about the role of an arbitrator. Arbitrators function as a mediator between two parties that cannot come to an agreement about something but do not want to bring it to court. Since arbitrators typically do not carry out their hearings in a courtroom, they are usually more flexible and less strict than a typical court proceeding. After doing a little research, I decided that I wanted to become an arbitrator. My journey to become an arbitrator will be a very hard path to follow but will be very rewarding in the end. With this in mind, there will be many educational requirements that I will need to fulfill. Beyond obtaining a Bachelor’s or Master’s
The Office of Inspector General was set under the Inspector General Act of 1978(Public law 95-452) and established in March 29, 1989 to provide independent and objective audits, investigations and reviews of the FCC operations and programs. The inspector general therefore pioneers the detection and prevention of fraud, waste and abuse in FCC’s operations and programs. The reports and finds of the investigations, audits and reviews are compiled semi annually by the Inspector General and presented to the chairman and the United States Congress. These reports are a source of information to the chair, commissioners and United States congress on the deficiencies and general operation of the FCC. The FCC chair supervises the Inspector General operations.
In the world of commerce, employment, and other social relations, businesses and individuals strive to choose either arbitration or mediation (conciliation). There are situations when parties submit their cases to arbitration bodies for mediation and, vice versa, when mediators are requested to resolve the dispute through the arbitration award. The arbitration and mediation traditions vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but their general ideas still remain similar. However, while a mediator in a single process possesses no entitled authority to render an award, an arbitrator is vested with more procedural powers and can execute a mediator’s functions. Furthermore, despite the flexibility of arbitration and mediation procedures, as well
... with the aggrieved worker and representative meeting with the supervisor involved, followed by an appeal system with strict time limits and ultimately ending in binding arbitration. When management and the union cannot resolve a grievance submitted by a union, the union must decide whether to proceed to the final step of the grievance procedure: arbitration. Arbitration is an adversary proceeding like a trial in court. An arbitrator’s function is usually to interpret the collective bargaining agreement between the parties, not to apply his or her standards of what is right in a given situation. The courts have sought to compel labour and management to a peaceful resolution of grievances through arbitration. The Supreme Court has given support to the arbitration process in a series of decisions, and judicial deferral to arbitration has become a basic tenet of national labour policy.
According to Villanueva (2013 internet source)Public administration involves government officials or public officials that apply particular policy and approaches inside a specific sphere or level of government, normally in the local level of government. Public administrators must ensure and promise that all facets of a particular policy or approach in a state are fulfilled and applied in the correct way.
The word ‘police’ is derived from the Greek word politeia or its Latin equivalent politia. The term politeia stands for the ‘state’ or ‘administration’. In present context the term ‘police’ connotes a body of civil servants whose primary duties are to preserve law and order, to prevent and detect crimes and enforce law
What is public personel administration? Publis is define as a group of people that have the same interest.Personel definition is man power or human resources in the organization. Administration is define as the act of planning,organizing,directing and controlling of the people,machines,system and technologies to achieve certain objective on the organization. From that we can conclude the public personel administration is about an art of managing people or human resources or man power who work in the organization. Beside that we can say that Public Personel Administration is the design of formal sysstem in an organization to ensure effective and efficient use of human talent to accomplish organizational goals.(Mathis & Jackson,2004). According to Dessler, The policies and practices invovled in carrying out the “people” or human resources aspect or a management position including recruiting,screening,training,rewarding and appraising(Dessler,2005)