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ecological value of seagrass
the effects of pollution on sea turtles
ecological value of seagrass
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Turtles have been around for about 230 million years (Dobbs 1). In that time, they have seen the rise and fall of the dinosaurs and the rise of mankind. Marine turtles have been around for about 65 million years (Dobbs 1). This family has withstood the test of time and is being threatened by human’s impact on the sea. All six of the marine turtles occurring on the shores of America are at least threatened. Marine turtles are very important to the ecosystem but humans are endangering this family directly and indirectly; if humans do not stop their destructive habits, we may lose the influence of marine turtles on the earth’s seas.
Marine turtles play an important role in the ocean's ecology and without turtles we may see an ecological collapse in the oceans. The marine turtles are one of the few animals in the sea that eat sea grass (Godfrey). Marine turtles act as grazing animals that cut the grass short and help maintain the health of the sea grass beds (Godfrey). Over the past decades, there has been a decline in sea grass beds. This decline may be linked to the lower numbers of Marine turtles (Godfrey). Sea grass is important because it is a breeding ground for many species of fish, shellfish, and crustaceans (Godfrey). Beaches and sand dunes are known to not have alot of nutrients. When Marine turtles come to land they well bury their eggs in the sand of the beaches. Not every nest will hatch, not every egg in a nest will hatch, and not all of the hatchlings in a nest will make it out of the nest (Godfrey). All the dead hatchlings make a good source of nutrients for the beaches; the shells of the hatchlings make a good source as well (Godfrey). If marine turtles were to go extinct, then the beaches and sand dunes will lose a...
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...this important and interesting super family.
Works Cited
Dobbs, Kristen. Marine Turtles in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. First edition.Towmville: Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, 2001. Http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/. Australian Government, Jan. 2001 Web. 10 Nov 2009.
Godfrey, David. "Why care about sea turtles?" sea turtles:: Caribbean Conservation & Sea Turtle Survival League. 1995. web. 23 Nov. 2009. /
Milton, Sarah, and Peter Lutz. Oil and Sea Turtles: Biology, Planning, and Response, Ed. Gary Shugenaka. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Aug: 2003. web. 10 Nov. 2009.
Musick, John A. Biology of Sea Turtles. Ed. Peter L. Lutz. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC, 1997. Print.
Shore, Terris. E-mail interview. 18 November 2009.
W, Klemens Michael. Turtle Conservation Washington: Smithsonian, 2000, Print.
Water turtles like to bask out of the water in the sun or under an Ultraviolet (UV) light, which provides the same effect as the sun would, so for this you need a place they can climb out and bask. This is also so they can rest from swimming in the water.
The efforts taking place through different conservation organizations and the State of Florida are making a mixed impact on the survival of Manatees and Sea Turtles. The decline in manatee population has decreased, but due to low reproduction rates, more needs to be done to avoid extinction. The sea turtle outlook is more species specific. Some species of turtle are seeing stabilization in population, while others are not. The State of Florida has a large array of custom license tags that support the conservation efforts taking place within the State. The proceeds go to benefit the local marine life in Florida. With financial resources, state and local cooperation, and through constant research and observation, we are able to learn more about both of these gentle animals. With human awareness of those living in Florida, these two animals will survive
Pickrell, John. “Ichthyosaur’s Turtle Supper Causes Extinction Debate”. National Geographic News.com 5 August 2003. 22 March 2004.
Crowder, L.B., Crouse, D.T., Heppel,S.S., &Martin, T.H. 1994. Predicting the impact of turtle excluder devices on loggerhead sea-turtle populations. Ecolocical Applications (4), 437-445
Jose Urteaga is describing a leatherback turtle that has arrived to lay eggs on the beach. Jose works in Nicaragua, Central America. The area is home to five of the world 's seven sea turtles. Nearly all of the turtle species are threatened. The leatherback turtle is critically endangered.
They affect it by maintaining balance in the sea’s food chain. Leatherback turtles rely on huge quantities of jellyfish for nutrients, they are known to eat almost 200 kg of jellyfish per day. Without these turtles the world’s seas would be abound with jellyfish and, since jellyfish feed on fish eggs, this would further hasten the decline of worldwide fish population. (OCEANA, costaricaturtles) However, the Pacific population of leatherback turtles have declined with 90% the last two decades, due to commercial fishing. (seeturtles)
Manatees, also known a sea mermaids or cows, are on the brink of extinction with funding and environmental protection required to save these amazing animals. Humans are the biggest threat to their existence. Humans have carelessly injured and killed thousands of manatees by slicing and dicing them with boat propellers, all in the name of entertainment. Other negative factors include pollution, environmental reduction due to human encroachment, and poaching with manatees consumed as food. The existence of red tides is another factor posing a natural threat. While manatees may be viewed as large animals in the way of boaters with no real purpose, manatees serve a major purpose by eating vegetation and weeds that cause damage to underwater pipe systems in larger cities. Without them, the removal of this vegetation comes at a huge cost. The existence of one of the most gentle mammals in the world is being threatened. Action needs to be taken now to prevent brutal injuries or death by boat propellers, habitat loss, poaching, and other careless actions that threaten the manatee population.
This particular sea turtle has many unique physical characteristics that set it apart from other sea turtles. These turtles are rather small when compared to others. The average measurements for weight and length are 80 kg and 87 cm (Edelman). “The carapace (top shell) has a tortoiseshell coloring, ranging from dark to golden brown, with streaks of orange, red, and/or black…. [and] the plastron (bottom shell) is clear yellow (Hawksbill Sea Turtle).” Although male and females both look similar, males tend to be more colorful, have a concave plastron, long claws, and a thicker tail and females have a carapace that curves outward. Other features besides color are, two claws on each front limb, two pairs of prefrontal scales on the head, and a toothless mouth with strong jaws that are capable of crushing and biting its food (Edelman) (Hawksbill Sea Turtle, National Wildlife).
For weeks after learning about the topic, I wanted to learn more to add new knowledge for myself. So, I read research papers published by the lab and was astonished about how the topic of climate is discussed; a few of the papers discussed that climate change has a significant impact on the turtles and the sex determination process could be disturbed.
The Great Barrier Reef is home to billions of colorful corals, sponges, fish, and “supports a quarter of all marine species” (Becatoros, “Scientist are Racing…”). One example is sea turtles, who use the reefs shore as grounds for reproduction. Without a healthy reef, there is a high chance that sea turtles will go extinct. Similarly, the reef provides a space for
The green sea turtles have been taken out of the Atlantic Ocean for several years, so now they are an endangered species. Today, the green sea turtles population is growing and in the Florida Refuge they counted up to over 12,000 turtle nests. It is shocking to see how much the refuges care about the green sea turtles. They have been looking out for the turtles for 35 years. It was interesting to find out that these green sea turtles live for a really long time. It takes the turtles 25 years just to mature. This article caught my eye because I love science and animals. Knowing that people are taking care of what used to be endangered animals really means a lot to me. I hate seeing animals hurt or struggling to survive. Because of the refuges
These turtles are mainly protected in Tortuguero National Park, located in Limon, Costa Rica. The area the park is protected on was a group of volcanic islands until the sediment from the mountains filled space and began forming marshy islands. The nesting beaches that the turtles use were formed when sand piled up at the intersection of the land and sea. This area gets a high amount of rainfall and is where freshwater meets the beaches, canals, lagoons and wetlands. This environment is one of the best examples of biodiversity that can be found in the area. It is home to turtles, as well as the organisms found in the sea, wetlands, and
Loggerhead Sea Turtles have many important benefits and attributions not only to the ocean but to humans as well. Since Loggerheads transport nutrients from oceans to beaches through their migrations and nesting they increase the rate of nutrient recycling in benthic, ocean bottom, ecosystems (Wilson et al. 2010). They constantly will be maintaining the coral reef ecosystem as well.
For the last 30 or 40 years, the many different types of coral reef destruction has made heavy impacts on coral. Destruction such as coral bleaching, global warming, pollution, and human harm, reefs have suffered substantially over time. Not only does this affect the economy of nations, but also destroys many lives underwater. Marine life forms such as fish and turtles are greatly impacted by this continuous tarnish to coral reefs everywhere throughout the globe. The future of many lives of underwater animals and the welfare of lives about the surface relies on the hope that coral reefs will one day be safe from destruction.
Seagrass is not just a food source for micro species, but also macro species such as manatees, turtles, dolphins and dugongs (Yamada and Kumagai 2012). These marine organisms are all supported directly and indirectly by seagrasses, with some entirely dependent on it. Seagrass is often underestimated in its significance as the vast role that it plays in the oceans ecosystem is not fully understood. ...