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conflict resolution of interpersonal differences
conflict resolution of interpersonal differences
Theory of cultural conflict
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Recommended: conflict resolution of interpersonal differences
‘The more people fail to communicate to each other, the more they develop personal assumptions that could lead to conflict.’ (aipc.com, 16/02/14)
There are many issues which may arise in regard to cross-cultural conflict, from both sides of the interaction. It is acknowledged, for instance, that this writer, like everyone else, has his own preconceptions that will influence how he processes data and behave, and which are primarily due to the ‘accident’ of his cultural up-bringing. These ‘prejudices’ may influence the way he works with others, especially if they go unrecognised by him.
Fortunately, there are known and effective ways to resolve conflict which take cultural considerations into account. Also, such conflict can be reported to and discussed with supervisors, and if necessary, there is further assistance which can be provided. (Open Colleges 2011, p. 54)
Issues that commonly fan the flames of cross-cultural conflict are age, gender, social and political history, cultural history, where the person was born, marital status, the social norms of the milieu in which they grew up - preconceptions, biases, physical, psychological or emotional problems, also sexual mores and religious sensibilities. (legacy.communitydoor.com.au, 14/02/14)
One’s own inculcated preconceptions related to culture, may easily contribute to misunderstandings when working with clients. (For example, having grown up in Australia, a nation considered multicultural, this writer has access to some knowledge about other cultures represented in the region – and some likely erroneous preconceptions, not only regarding cultures encountered, but more so regarding, for instance, Melbourne’s experience of Greek culture, alien to him.
Even within mos...
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...nt to be aware of, and to have addressed these potential obstacles.
By employing appropriate techniques, this writer can more effectively assist people of other cultures. He needs to be aware of the related issues, his own biases and attitudes - not allowing them to influence his counselling - and being aware that if necessary, there are people that can be of assistance or, in extremis, take over responsibility where there is perceived danger to any person. (skillsyouneed.com, 13/02/14).
Works Cited
skillsyouneed.com
legacy.communitydoor.com
aipc.com
Weiten, W., Lloyd, M., Dunn, D. Hammer, E. (2009). Psychology applied to modern life: Adjustment in the 21st century. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth
Open Colleges (2011). Student workbook: Work effectively with culturally diverse clients and co-workers. Strawberry hills NSW: Open Colleges Pty Ltd,
“Cultural competence is the ability to engage in actions or create conditions that maximize the optimal development of client and client systems” (Sue & Sue, 2013, p. 49). Multicultural competence includes a counselor to be aware of his or her biases, knowledge of the culture they are evaluating, and skills to evaluate a client with various backgrounds (Sue & Sue, 2013). Client assessment involves gathering information pertaining to the client’s condition. Making a culturally responsive diagnosis involves using the DSM-IV-TR axis (Hays, 2008). Following the axis backwards is ideal to discovering the client’s diagnosis, understanding the client’s ADDRESSING outline will help to come to a closer resolution for a diagnosis.
Weiten, W., Lloyd, Margaret A., Dunn, Dana S., Yost-Hammer, Elizabeth. (2009). Psychology Applied to Modern Life; Adjustment in the 21st Century. (9th ed). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
Remember, self-reflection is vital to becoming a culturally-competent counselor. The counselor should consistently re-examine their worldview and personal beliefs about diverse individuals and other cultures. The idea is for the counselor to explore their own prejudices, emotions, and preconceived notions of those that differ from themselves. Remaining curious and willing to learn about culturally distinct groups is a practical way of working effectively with varied clients in counseling and understanding what barriers and prejudices are typical in their
...st century psychology : a reference handbook / 1.. Los Angeles, CA [etc]: Sage cop. 2008.ISBN/ISSN: 9781412949682 1412949688OCLC:774927767.
Nevid, J., & Rathus, S. (2005). Psychology and the challenges of life: Adjustment in the new
Nevid, J.S. & Rathus, S. A. (2013). Psychology and the Challenges of Life: Adjustments and Growth. (12 ed.) Hoboken, NJ: Wiley & Sons Inc.
When interacting with a person from a different culture, there are many obstacles that one may, and probably will, face during the time spent together. Laray Barna, author of Stumbling Blocks in Intercultural Communication, refers to these obstacles as “Stumbling Blocks” and states the six main ones in her article. These main stumbling blocks faced are the following: assumption of similarity, language difference, nonverbal misinterpretation, preconceptions and stereotypes, tendency to evaluate, and high anxiety. Every one of these blocks create feelings of unease when faced, specifically the feelings of misunderstanding and frustration. Learning to overcome these blocks is the key to having successful interaction with different cultures.
Lloyd, Margaret A., Dana S. Dunn, and Elizabeth Y. Hammer. Psychology Applied to Modern Life: Adjustment in the 21st Century. By Wayne Weiten. 9th ed. Australia: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2009. 75-137. Print.
Abigail, R. A., & Cahn, D. D. (2011). Managing conflict through communication. 4th Ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Interpersonal conflict is very common with many relationships. It occurs when two people can not meet in the middle or agree on a discussion. Cooperation is key to maintaining a healthy debate. More frequently; when dealing with members of your own family, issues arise that include conflict and resolution. During this process our true conflict management style appears “out of thin air”. (Steve A. Beebe, 2008, p. 191).
Cultural creativity: This step consists of creating a synergistic solution including people from different cultures. After analyzing the situation, my suggested solution is to encourage mutual respect within the whole team and specifically the two members of the conflict. To encourage mutual respect I would first dialogue with the two parts involved to discuss our cultures, differences, and similarities my intention with this exercise is to create cultural awareness, get to know each other and break stereotypes and prejudice. Second, communicate ground rules, it is imperative to let them know that disrespect and discrimination it is not tolerated at all, Third, explaining to them why it is important to create a common ground. Suggest some behaviors, for instance, be cordial, but respect each other’s personal
4. Pedersen B. et al. (1996) ( ed.) Counselling Across Cultures, Sage Publications Inc.: USA
Nevid, J.S., & Rathus, S.A. (2005). Psychology and the challenges of life: Adjustment in the new millenium (9th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
The word 'culture' is often described in terms of concrete ideas or social artifacts. Gary R. Weaver describes some common conceptions such as "good taste," "art or music," or "something that people in exotic foreign lands had."1 However, culture in the context of international assignments relates to how people perceive the world and the influence this perception has on their actions. It is culture on the interpersonal level. Different cultures can perceive the same thing differently, which leads to miscommunication and misunderstanding when one crosses into another culture not their own.
A situation that I have experienced where a cross-cultural misunderstanding took place was at the university where I used to work for 7 years. I was a member of the abroad universities validation unit (committees responsible for validation of our university with some English universities). Regarding Faculty of Pharmacy, our committee included five old professors and 4 young teaching assistants including me. The five old professors were not open-minded enough to deal with other academic systems, and unfortunately they could not communicate effectively in English.