Data consistently shows that Southern U.S. has higher violent-crime rates than other regions of the United States (Anderson, 2001). The heat hypothesis and the southern culture of honor hypothesis are among the many explanations for the high violence rates in the south. The heat hypothesis claims, heat increases aggressive behaviors (Anderson, 2001). However, Baron and Bell tested the hypothesis and found contradicting results. They found, high heat reduces aggression if there are other discomforting factors involved. Accordingly, Baron and Bell found, aggression increase if heat is the only discomforting variable upon a person. Cohen tested the southern “culture of honor” and found significance in the explanation. He states, crimes rates are high in the southern region of the states because southerners, specifically southern men, are taught to defend their honor. Therefore, if disrespect is directed towards a southerner, they use violence and aggression to regain their pride (Cohen 1996).
Baron and Bell examined the heat hypothesis by testing the aggression levels of southern and northern undergraduate students from Purdue University. They conducted two experiments to test different variables. The first experiment was designed to measure the aggression levels of participants in three temperature conditions (cool, warm, and hot temperatures). Participants were then primed with either positive or negative affect. Aggression was measured by the shock levels participants chose to upon the confederate. Additionally, participants received “post questioner” to assure the validity of the variables. In the second experiment, the participants were assigned to a cool or hot temperature conditioned room. Then each group received a positive ...
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... to the high crime rates in the south Baron and Bell suggest a cool drink to reduce aggression as a solution. Anderson suggests controlling temperatures in work school and others settings could reduce aggression (Anderson 2001).Cohen however does not imply any solutions, just an explanation to the high crime rates in the south.
Reference
Anderson, C. A. (2001). Heat and violence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10, 33- 38.
Baron, R. A., & Bell, P.A. (1976). Aggression and heat: The influence of ambient temperature, negative affect, and a cooling drink on physical aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 33, 245 – 255
Cohen, D., Nisbett, R. E., Bowdle, B. F., & Schwarz, N. (1996). Insult, aggression, and the culture of honor: An “experimental ethnography”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 945 - 960.
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The Top 10 Most Dangerous States in US 2014 The saying goes “better safe than sorry”. But when was the last time you checked how safe is the State you live in? With the national crime rate increasing over 1% annually, crime remains a big concern for many States in the US. Every year, the FBI compiles statistics of crime in the United States and the most violent of them include murder, robbery, rape and aggravated assault. With Tennessee and Nevada topping the list of most dangerous States, it’s always
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easier because I narrow the search option, which focuses solely on success rate and failure rate of prisoners after
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geographic location. These issues may include, but are not limited to Drug and Alcohol Abuse, Teen Pregnancy, Crime, Underage Drinking, Racism, Sexism, Pollution, Social Discrimination, Poverty, Gay marriage, Censorship, Human Trafficking, violence, abuse, and racism. 2.
3 Case Study: Gauteng Province, South Africa In the context of this class and the concept of planetary urbanism, I chose this case study from South Africa to offer another perspective on gated communities in a global context. As I’ve mentioned before, Western gated communities are better known that such enclaves from other parts of the world. Additionally, South Africa offers an extensive background on crimi-nal activities and urban fear among the population. The following case study by Karina Landman
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