Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Social class and society
Social class / poverty
Self-identity and fashion
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Social class and society
In James B. Twichell’s article, “What We Are to Advertisers”, he argues about how each person has a certain identity and it is shown in “You Are What They Eat: The Influence of Reference” a study conducted by Jennifer Edson Escala and James R. Bettman. Twichell believes that the type of clothing people buy shapes their identity. He argues that what a person buys can help advertisers target a certain social group or class. According to Twichell, social groups like “high class businessmen” relate with how an identity forms through buying certain brands of clothing. In “You are What They Eat”, Escala and Bettan states that identity forms through how brand name clothing makes a person feel and see themselves.
In “You Are What They Eat”, the authors discuss about the theoretical development of why people buy certain brands. For example, Twichell states “Mass production means mass marketing, and mass marketing means the creation of mass stereotypes” (Twichell 192). In the example, Twichell means that as more products are created, they are advertised, and after they are advertised, many people of certain identities will buy the products. When people are becoming part of a stereotype, it leads to more consumption of similar products relating to brand names. An example that would support Twichell’s argument is how businessmen relate themselves with certain brands of clothing because a businessman stereotype is neat and proper. Most businessmen or “young” businessmen usually buy clothing buy clothing at stores like “Express”, “Lord and Taylor”, “Mens Wearhouse”, and many others.
An example from “ You Are What They Eat” that proves Twichell’s argument is, “The set of associations can then be linked to consumers’ mental representations of...
... middle of paper ...
...ászló Zsolnai. Frugality: Rebalancing Material and Spiritual Values in Economic Life. Bern: Peter Lang, 2008. PDF.
Coleman, David. "Don't Step On My Steel-Toed Shoes." New York Times (2008). Academic Search Premier. Web. 29 Oct. 2011.
Escala, Jennifer Edson. "You Are What They Eat: The Influence of Reference YOU ARE WHAT THEY EAT ESCALAS AND BETTMAN Groups on Consumers’ Connections to Brands." Journal of Consumer Psychology13.3 (2003): 339-48. Duke.edu. Web. 29 Oct. 2011.
Norton, Anne. "The Signs Of Shopping." Signs of Life in the U.S.A.: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers. Ed. Sonia Maasik and J. Fisher Solomon. Boston: Bedford of St. Martin's, 1994. 101-06. Print.
Twichell, James B. What We Are to Advertisers. Signs of Life in the USA: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers. Ed. Sonia Maasik and Jack Soloman. 6th ed. Boston: Bedford, 1997. Print.
the USA: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers. Ed. Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2011. 296-304. Print.
Fowles, Jib. “Advertising's Fifteen Basic Appeals.” Eds Michael Petracca, Madeleine Sorapure. Common Culture: Reading and Writing About American Pop Culture. Boston: Pearson, 2012. 54-72. Print.
In the 1997 article Listening to Khakis, published in the New Yorker, Malcolm Gladwell effectively paints a vivid picture of the thought and science that goes into advertising campaigns. Gladwell begins his paper by focusing on the Dockers’ advertising campaign for their line of adult male khaki pants, which he labels as extremely successful. This campaign was the first line of successful fashion advertisements aimed directly toward adult males (Gladwell, 1997). This campaign was cunningly simple and showed only males wearing the pants being advertised with the background noise filled with men having a casual conversation (Gladwell, 1997). This tactic was used because studies showed that Dockers’ target market felt an absence in adult male friendships. (Gladwell, 1997). The simplicity of the advertisements was accentuated as to not to deter possible customers by creating a fashion based ad because, based on Gladwell’s multiple interviews of advertising experts, males shy away from being viewed as fashion forward or “trying to hard” (Gladwell, 1997).
Thomas Frank’s book entitled The Conquest of Cool: Business Culture, Counterculture, and the Rise of Hip Consumerism takes a poignant look at the advertising world of the 1950’s and 1960’s, exploring how advertising played a role in shaping the next generation of consumers. Frank points out that he believes many misunderstand how important the key industries of fashion and advertising were to the shaping of our consumer culture, especially in getting Americans to rethink who they were. The industry of advertising was not conforming to the upcoming generation, instead the new consumer generation was conforming to the ideals of the advertising industry. Frank believes that the advertising and fashion industries were changing, but not to conform to the new generation, instead to shape a new generation of consumers.
You go pick one either because the picture is better or you saw the commercial the other day and you want it. During the length of this paper we will talk about two important writers, Kalle Lasn the writer of “The Cult You’re in” and Benoit Denizet-Lewis the writer of “ The Man Behind Abercrombie & Fitch”. They both talk about similar topics that go hand and hand with each other, they talk about the consumers “Dream”, how companies recruit the consumers, who cult members really are, how people are forced to wear something they don’t want, and about slackers. What is the dream we all have? Think about the main things that you strive for in life.
Something people might frequently worry about is self-identity, and how to express who they are. When looking for an outlet to do this, the easiest way to show what kind of person someone is, clothes are usually the first choice: a black t-shirt with a cynical saying, or maybe some skinny black jeans. Whether the advertising agencies created the personalities that come with clothes or took advantage of what was already there, clothes are often sold as something more than just clothes. Companies must ask how to convince consumers to buy their product instead of the competitors’, regardless of price difference. Particularly Levi’s jeans, a 150+-year-old American business, has been trying different approaches to packaging the type of consumers that buy their jeans.
In “The man behind Abercrombie and Fitch.” An interview conducted by Benoit Denizet-Lewis displays a glimpse into the life of Mike Jeffries and his views of his company only hiring “good-looking” people and targeting “good-looking” people to wear his clothes. This has been done in order to force his audience to recognize that the issue of acceptance one’s peers and exclusion of a community mentioned by Mike Jeffries, is a result of cultural perceptions and individual self-image. Denizet-Lewis skillfully shows that while Jeffries remarks of not wanting the “not-so-popular” kids to shop in his stores, it poses a question to consumers asking what change in our attitudes will come or if there will be any change at all. Thus comes the issue of how consumers today have a shift in the reasoning behind why one buys clothing and the motivating factors that influence one to buy certain clothing. Denizet-Lewis also demonstrates the different messages that controversial advertisements and statements affect different groups of people and how what they project is really what people desire, though deemed by many people as unacceptable or inappropriate. The author also examines how in the news media, the image has become more important than the message and how images have taken precedent over actual issues and character. As a result of this, various communities have formed by the construct of selling to “beautiful people” and how popular appeal has become an extension of a person.
Lots of people at a high level in society use the products they own to represent their social status. As what Solomon says in his article, “advertisers have been quick to exploit the status signals that belong to body language as well.” (169) Advertising gives them a good chance to show their material success, and the advertised products make them more of individuality. For example, Michael Jordan owns a Ferrari 512 which is a super sports car with an unaffordable price. Ferrari’s advertising tells the world how excellent and expensive the car is, so that his car could shows his wealth and success in his career and also his energetic and positive personalities. Being advertised, Jordan’s Ferrari is not just a vehicle but a symbol of his identity. There is no doubt that this advertised car makes Jordan much more of
“Animal Entertainment” refers to any animals used to act, perform, or fight for the enjoyment of humans. zoos, circuses, and bullfighting are all examples of animals used for entertainment. While many applaud these firms for putting on a spectacular show, many others argue that the animals are treated unfair. All of these animals are taken out of their natural environment and forced to perform acts not typically in their behavioral range. If one pays close attention at the circus, for example, it is visible how these animals are treated. Trainers threaten tigers with a whip and often hit elephants with metal on their legs. These techniques are inhumane and best explain why animals should not be used for entertainment. The use of animals for entertainment is a form of animal abuse because of the way the
Trainers in the circuses beat the animals in order to do certain tricks. PETA states that trainers use tight collars, whips, beatings, and torture as a daily occurrence for circus animals. Elephants are hit with bullhooks on a daily basis on the skin around the eyes, under their chin, inside their mouth, and behind their knees and ears. Bears’ noses are broken and their paws are burned to teach them how to walk on her hind legs. In order to make chimpanzees manageable, trainers knock their teeth out with a hammer. An LCA investigator recorded large amounts of beatings, using baseball bats, pitchforks, and electric prods at Carson & Barnes Circus. “Animal rights, at its heart, is the most unextreme philosophy I can imagine. It is about nonviolence. It is about compassion. It is about not harming and not causing suffering and not killing when we don’t have to. That’s it. It is really, truly that simple.” – Stephanie Ernst
Seger, Linda. "Creating the Myth." Signs of Life in the U.S.A.: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers. 4th ed. Ed. Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2003. 316-325.
Blum, Deborah. “The Gender Blur: Where Does Biology End and Society Take Over?” Signs of Life In the USA: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers. Ed. Sonia Maasik. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2000.
Attention getter: Lion, tigers, and bears, oh my! When the circus comes rolling into town, many people are excited to go and that is all that is talked about; about the clowns, the trapeze artists, the ring leader, the elephants and all the other marvelous wonders of the circus. But would you all still be excited to go if you knew the truth about the circus and the animal trainers of how they treat the animals? Because in reality, for our spirits to raise at the circus, they break the spirits of all the animals, especially the elephants.
Consumers today continue to be fascinated by personal appearance and fashion styles. Fashion, and the way we present ourselves through clothing
There have been many instances where I am stopped and commented on what I’m wearing. Depending on a single item of clothing, I am either a “certified hippie”, “lesbian”, or “law student”. This has brought me to raise an important social question: How have fashion and advertising built identity stereotypes? Stereotyping can have a strong and negative impact on a person, especially younger generations that are now at an influential stage in their mental development. By subjecting them to these stereotypes based on what they wear, they may begin to think of and see themselves as society claims, rather than who they are or aspire to be. By conducting further research on stereotyping in fashion designs through their advertisements, the aim of this research is to understand the history and social ideas behind fashion. By thoroughly understanding the problem, a solution would be easier to reach. In order to gain further insight on the matter, two practitioners have been selected: Dr. Rebecca Arnold and Dr. Roman Meinhold.