Consequence of the Disappearance of Honey Bees in America

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Beginning in 2006, United State started to have a shocking news of huge numbers disappearance of honey bees. Colony Collapse Disorder Preliminary Report by Diana Cox-Foster and Dennis vanEngelsdorp (2006) was mentioned, A beekeeper in Pennsylvania Dave Hackenberg is the first beekeeper reported the disappearance of honey bees phenomenon to entomologists. In an usual autumn day, Hackenbery check his bee’s hive in beehive as usual, he was surprised to find that only queen bee and young worker bees still alive, others all dead. Even more surprised him, he look around and tried to find out the dead body of bee, but he cannot find any of dead body, all of that just disappear. As more and more countries across the world apear this phenomenon, it was defined as Colony collapse disorder. In fact, there are also a lot of dead bees records in previous time, but mostly cause by beekeepers lack of care, malnourished of bees or the excessive use of pesticides that is totally different from Colony collapse disorder. This disorder has the following symtoms: a large number of worker bees disappeared quickly and the dead body cannot be found. And only queen bee and a few young workers bee alive in the hive with rich honey and pollen.

The book What’s Killing American Honey Bees? Was written by Oldroyd, Benjamin P.’s (2007, pg.3) clams “Colony collapse disorder is a phenomenon in which worker bees from a beehive or European honey colony abruptly disappear. The causes of Colony collapse disorder are still unknown, but many causes have been proposed as causative agents: pesticides (in particular those of neonicotinoid class; infection with Varroa and Acarapis mites; malnutrition; various pathogens; genetic factors; immunodeficiencies; loss ...

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Dennis vanEngelsdorp, Diana Cox-Foster, Maryann Frazier, Nancy Ostiguy, and Jerry Hayes. 2006. Colony Collapse Disorder Preliminary Report. Mid-Atlantic Apiculture Research and Extension Consortium – CCD Working Group:22.

Oldroyd, Benjamin P. 2007. What’s Killing American Honey bees?. PLoS Biology 5 (6): 3

Seth Borenstein. 2013. (update: May 3). Multiple causes for colony collapse. Mediawork. http://www.3news.co.nz/Multiple-causes-for-colony-collapse---report/tabid/1160/articleID/296401/Default.aspx

Johnson, R. 2010. Honey Bee Colony Collapse Disorder, CRS Report for Congress, Congressional Research Service

Alison Benjamin. Brian McMallum. 2009. A World Without Bees. Guardian Books. Bardford.

Anonymous. 2013 (vist: Feb. 10). Mystery of Honey Bees Disappearance. Tai Wan National Science Council. http://web1.nsc.gov.tw/ct.aspx?xItem=13242&ctNode=439

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