Comparative Analysis of Modernization

2472 Words5 Pages

Comparative Analysis of Modernization
Afghanistan and Japan

Introduction:
“The concept of modernization comes from a view of societies as having a standard uni-linear evolutionary pattern, as described in the social evolutionism theories” (Modernization). Modernization is the process of transition from a traditional and pre-modern society to a modern society. Societies must follow this process to achieve modernity. Also, urbanization and industrialization are two other processes that are linked to modernization. It can be said that thesetwo are the vehicles for the achievement of modernity.From the 16th to 19th century, modernization was introduced in European countries (Twente)through a long process of war making and state making. Europeans build up their military, economy, and culture via this process and became modernized countries. Then in 20th century, the term modernization was transferred to the whole world. Modernization theory was used very well in some countries which were eager for the rapid development including Japan.By looking at the history of modernization in the whole world, we cognize that the process of modernization succeed in some societies but failed in some other societies despite of their effort to apply the process. Afghanistan is one of those countries that has actually failed in the process of modernization; however Japan is an example of countries who have succeed in becoming a modernized society. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the process of modernization theories that have failed in Afghanistan but were successful in Japan and obstacles that this process faced in Afghanistan.
Historical Background of Modernization:
Afghanistan:
The first modernization process of Afghanistan was started ...

... middle of paper ...

...zation, W. i. (n.d.). What is Modernization. Retrieved November 25, 2013, from http://www.chsbs.cmichedu/fattah/courses/me/03.htm
Sikal, A. (2004). In A. Sikal, Independence and Radical Modernization, In Modern Afghanistan: A History of Struggle and Survival. New York .
Smelser. (1988). Modernization Theory, In D. Harrison. In The Sociology of Modernization and Development. New York, and London: Unwin Hyman Ltd.
Tilly, C. (1985). In C. Tilly, War making and State making as Organized Crimes (pp. 174-182). Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
Tilly, C. (1985). In C. Tilly, War Making and State Making as Organized Crime (pp. 170-172). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Twente, U. o. (n.d.). University of Twente. Retrieved December 1, 2013, from http://www.utwente.nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20Clusters/Media,%20Culture%20and%20Society/Modernization%20Theory/

Open Document