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pornography and the effects
background of the study about pornography
pornography and the effects
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Pornography today is only a click away, sometimes not even that far, and often times making unrequested appearances on the edges of otherwise innocuous websites. Indeed, a 2008 online survey about pornography exposure concluded that 9 out of 10 male and 6 out of 10 female respondents were exposed to it during adolescence (Sabina, Wolak, & Finkelhor). Those numbers are not likely to decrease, given that pornography is a profitable business with an estimated 13 billion dollars yearly revenue (Jackson, 2012), and that it has never been as easily available as it is now since about 95 percent of the current U.S teen population has full access to an internet connection (Madden, Lenhart, Duggan, Cortesi, & Gasser, 2013). Amidst consumers, pornography appears to be popular. In an anonymous survey of 688 Danish young adults, a great majority reported that pornography had a positive effect on their lives, this being particularly significant for males (Hald & Malamuth, 2008). Another study with American college students (Weinberg, Williams, Kleiner, & Irizarry, 2010) suggested that for many consumers, porn could be a way to learn about sexual practices and make them seem more appealing. However, such positivism is not as clear cut on research. Duggan and McCreary (2004) found that reading magazines focused on “improving” male physique was linked to poorer self-image on both gay and heterosexual males, and that porn consumption by gay males was linked to increased body image anxiety. The present study aims to see whether the same pattern of results holds true about women: Would women who watch porn have lower self-esteem? In general, pornography seems to be a less pleasing experience for females than for males. According to a Swedish survey ... ... middle of paper ... ...ype of media that seems to be distinctively harsh against them. I hypothesize that because media consumption by itself is associated to negative self-image, and pornography seems to evoke violent connotations, the more pornography a woman consumes the lower her self-esteem will be and that this effect will be even more significant for violent porn. To test this, I will administer a survey to as many females as I can recruit from introductory psychology and sociology classes at a University for course credit. The survey will ask for basic demographic information such as age, and gender identification, include a self-esteem assessment, and inquire about pornography watching habits such as frequency and kind. I therefore have a 2 (self-esteem: high/ low) by 2 (type of porn: violent/ non-violent) design with both self-esteem and type of porn as within-subjects variables.
Wong, D. 2009. A qualitative study of male youth experiences of viewing pornography. Journal of Youth Studies. 12(2) 163-173.
Bauserman, Robert. “Egalitarian, sexist, and aggressive sexual materials: attitude effects and viewer responses.” The Journal of Sex Research. V. 35, no.3 (1998). P. 244-53.
Today, technology is everywhere exposing us to advertisements that sexually objectifies both men and women. The sexual objection of men and women is damaging to how people view themselves, it is also mentally and physically damaging, we see this in the short expository documentary, "The sexy lie", by: Caroline Heldman. Caroline Heldman claims that the industry today objectifies the human body as a sex object in movies, video games, music, etc. She uses an interesting title, a strong, grounded opinion and plenty of visuals to get through to her audience, such as the multitude of pictures of sexual objection in advertisements that she shows throughout the documentary. Her main focus is on the sexual objectification of women, however throughout her talk, she addresses the men in the audience about how
þ....Pornography is the graphic sexually explicit subordination of women, whether in pictures or in words, that also includes one or more of the following: (i) Women are presented dehumanized as sexual objects, things, or commodities; or (ii) women are presented as sexual objects who enjoy pain or mutilation; or (iii) women are presented as sexual objects who experience sexual pleasure in being raped; or (iv) women are presented as sexual objects tied up or cut up or mutilated or bruised or physically hurt; or (v) women are presented in postures of sexual submission, servility, or display; or (vi) womens body parts - including but not limited to vaginas, breasts, and buttocks- are exhibited ,such that women are reduced to those parts; or (vii) women are presented by whores by nature; or (viii) women are presented being penetrated by objects or animals; or (ix) women are presented in scenarios of degradation, injury, torture, shown as filthy or inferior, bleeding, bruised, or hurt in a context that ,makes these conditions sexual. þ
Pornography has a tremendously evolved from being shunned in the past to its increasing popularity in today’s media and culture. Numerous popular media such as the television show Sex and the City and Howard Stern’s television and radio broadcast popularize pornography and porn stars. Therefore, the popularization of pornography has become normalized into today’s hypersexual media. Gail Dines concluded how porn becomes normalized in today’s culture, “ The more sanitized the industry became, the more it seeped into the pop culture and into our collective consciousness,” (26) Dines believed the creation of Girls Gone Wild, publicity of Jenna Jameson, and Vivid Entertainment had an major impact on our cultural shift towards the acceptance of pornography.
Younger couples are very exposed to the availability of pornography. The world is much past the ...
People who watch pornography get an immediate response and of course the outcome, a positive reinforcement. “It is impossible for men to watch porn and not b...
Pornography is becoming the most popular secret in all of America. Only 13.9% of young men don’t view pornography, and of those who do, 51% of male students and 32% of female students first viewed pornography before age 13 (Gilkerson). 21.3% of college males watch it daily or multiple times a day (Gilkerson).
Again, there are different ideas of what is considered pornographic from artwork, movies, and books. While one may look at a painting that depicts nude forms or read a book that includes sexual acts may not see this as a form of pornography while others would find it morally offensive. Feminist would argue that the morality of porn is it is degrading and humiliating to those involved, not of its sexual nature. Their concern is that it promotes sexism and violence against women or children. “What is objectionable about pornography…is its abusive and degrading portrayal of females and female sexuality, not its content or explicitness” (Rodgerson & Wilson, 1994) However, others may feel that it is sexually liberating and in no way degrading to those involved. Those women feel in control of their sexuality and choose to participate in acts as a way of expressing themselves while feeling it has no barring on their moral character. While others would argue that it promotes immoral behavior which would lead to criminal acts or an unhealthy obsession with sex. “The most commonly feared adverse effects of pornography include undesirable sexual behaviors (e.g. adultery), sexual aggression, and loss of respect for traditional family structures and values, loss of respect for authorities, and a general nonspecific moral decay.” (Hald & Linz,
Fisher, William, and Azy Barak. “Internet Pornography: A Social Psychological Perspective On Internet Sexuality.” Journal of Sex Research. 38.4 (Nov. 2001): 312-24.
Since, the 1960s’ women in the United States have made significant progress in many diverse fields. Today, women can be found having significant positions in business, politics, sports, etc. The ability for women to choose which position they would like and in what field, was an option not always available to them, this right was won through much struggle. The fight for equality is not over however, because women still trail men in the amount each gender gets paid, with women being paid on average less than men. Another issue with gender in this country is the way women are portrayed in the media. I had an opportunity to read five different articles and each article was able to show that differences still exist between men and women with regards to the media and how each gender is portrayed.
One of the most obvious effects of pornography on the Internet is the easy access that juveniles have to it. All it takes is the click of a mouse and there they are, thousands of nude photos, of women and men doing all sorts sexually explicit of things. Many teens first come across these sorts of thing accidentally. But is it really accidental if advertisement, spams, and e-mail advertising free porn sites pop up every five minutes? How can teens stay away from these kinds of things if they're right there in font of them? "In a 2001 poll by the Kaiser Family Foundation, 70 of 15-to 17-year-olds said they had accidentally come across pornography online." [1] This leads us to wonder does someone actually want teens to view these sites. If porn is meant to...
The first reason why I agree that watching porn would have a negative impact on my sex life is because porn shows women doing a lot of sexual moves that not everyone can do which gives the men’s high expectations because they expect their partners to do the same for pleasure. Pornography also leads man to have higher expectations when it comes to women’s body. The first thing a person notice when they search up porn is women with big breast and a big behind. The woman in the video or picture are usually displayed with big butts, boobs, and an hourglass body. When men watch porn women are left feeling ‘“self-conscious and dissatisfied with their
To some, pornography is nothing more than a few pictures of scantily clad Women in seductive poses. But pornography has become much more than just Photographs of nude women. Computer technology is providing child molesters and child pornographers with powerful new tools for victimizing children. Pornography as "the sexually explicit depiction of persons, in words or images, Sexual arousal on the part of the consumer of such materials. No one can prove those films with graphic sex or violence has a harmful effect on viewers. But there seems to be little doubt that films do have some effect on society and that all of us live with such effects.