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literature review of classroom management techniques
literature review of classroom management techniques
classroom management and organisation
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Students that exhibit disruptive behavior in the classroom will continue to do so until the behavior escalates into circumstances that intimidate and challenge the safety of others in the classroom, if left unchecked. That is why classroom management in so important to implement on the first day of school. “Management is nothing more than motivating other people.” (Iacocca) In a well-managed classroom, a teacher has to spend little time disciplining students. The Canters behavior management cycle has three easy to follow steps. Utilizing a case study is the simplest way to illustrate the effectiveness of Canters cycle.
Canter method enables teachers to take charge of their classroom by observing the rights of the students as well as those of the teacher. As a student, in Miss Jones’ Class, John, would know the teacher's expectations without having to guess. John is an 11 year old, in the sixth grade at Washington Elementary School. John comes from a single parent home. His father is not in the picture. His mother works two jobs, so his grandmother cares for him. At home, he is in charge; his grandmother has no control over his behavior. His family life affects John’s behavior in class; he dislikes having to follow the rules at school. The main problem he is having in the classroom is talking; He disrupts class by talking out of turn. The first step in the behavior management cycle: “effectively communicate explicit directions.” (Canter, 2006, p. 50) “I need everyone’s attention. That means your eyes on me, nothing in your hands and no one is talking.” Canter’s model promotes a supportive classroom, which allows teachers to teach and students to learn. Student are taught to behave and teachers use praise and other rewards ...
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...have more time to teach, and discipline will take less time. “In motivating people, you've got to engage their minds and their hearts. I motivate people, I hope, by example - and perhaps by excitement, by having productive ideas to make others feel involved” (Murdoch)
Works Cited
Anne B. Bucalos, A. S. (2005). What Kind of "Managers" Do Adolescents Really Need? Helping Middle and Secondary Teachers Manage Classrooms Effectively. Beyond Behavior, 14(5), 9-14.
Canter, L. (2006). Lee Canter's Classroom manageent for Academic Sucess. Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree.
Iacocca, L. (n.d.). BrainyQuote.com. Retrieved October 2, 2011, from BrainyQuote.com: http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/l/leeiacocca149257.html
Murdoch, R. (n.d.). Brainy Quotes. Retrieved October 2, 2011, from brainyquote.com: http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/r/rupertmurd109359.html
After completing the “Cooperative Discipline” course through the Regional Training Center, I am planning on revising my behavioral management techniques to follow the cooperative discipline model in my eighth grade English classroom. The cooperative discipline, or the hands-joined style, is a more appropriate approach to managing behaviors in my classroom than the hands-off or hands-on styles. With the hands-off style, there is too much freedom and not enough structure in the classroom, and with the hands-on style, defiant students are likely to rebel against the teacher’s strict rules. However, with the hands-joined style, “students are included in the decision-making process and therefore are strongly influenced to develop responsibility and choose cooperative behavior” (Albert, 2012). When students are provided with clear expectations but are still part of the decision-making process, they are more likely to behave appropriately in the classroom.
Savage, T. V., & Savage, M. K. (2009). Successful classroom management and discipline: Teaching self-control and responsibility (3rd ed.). Retrieved from https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781452286754/pages/61650061
Williams it’s very busy with learning stuff everywhere. The classroom has different section called ‘centers’ like the library. In the middle is where the desk are placed they are grouped into 5-6 student at each table. I immediately noticed some negative behavior management on the part of the teacher by yelling at the students that wasn’t listening to her instructions. Another behavior management tool that doesn’t seems to work completely well was the point system that give or take a point from any student based on their behavior or action throughout the day. Most students seem to not be so thrilled or fazed by losing a point or when they gained one. But the teacher used this system quite frequent to make her point and take action. An action taking by the teacher that I felt was problematic is when she questioned a student that was better behaved, if another student was misbehaving. This action could lead to negative behavior for child-child interaction and
(2005, Charles) The premise of Assertive Discipline is that both teachers and students have the “need and right” (2005, Charles) to a caring and respectful classroom environment. Teachers are required to facilitate learning and assist students in reaching their full potential. This is accomplished by teachers clearly and confidently articulating class expectations and teaching student’s what behavior is “acceptable and unacceptable” (Marsh 2010 p233). Cooperative behavior is encouraged by “incentives and recognition” (Lyons et al., 2014) whilst unruly behaviour is managed with a “hierarchy of sanctions” (Lyons et al., 2014). Equally, teachers also have the right to facilitate learning in a proficient manner without interruptions from students and have support from administrators and parents. (Berghuis, 2005,
In regard to classroom management, much of the research cites effective classroom management as the tool or the blueprint for an effective classroom. One article refers to classroom management as a master plan for success, creating “an air traffic control analogy” to explain the extent of the impact of classroom management on student and teacher success (Mundschenk, Miner, & Nastally 2011, p. 98). Classroom management is critical in the classroom because it provides the framework of the classroom and influences how things are run. In most cases, classroom management pertains to “setting limits”, help students “monitor their behavior and academic progress” through feedback, and establish “safety and transition routines”-- all helpful tools to help both teachers and students become successful in the clas...
My personal philosophy in regards to classroom management is grounded in the empowerment of teachers to recognise and modify student behaviour with the support of the school community. Educational psychologists can provide the skills that teachers may use in the classroom without the need for them to complete full degrees in this field (McDonald, 2010, p. 81). This behaviourist approach, known as Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA), will enable a classroom
Discipline is important in maintaining a positive classroom environment and influencing a child’s development. During my field experience at S.H. Elementary, I have observed Mrs. Branson using various techniques to reinforce positive behavior in her 3rd grade classroom. Mrs. Branson’s teachers 3rd grade in a charter school located in the south suburbs of Minneapolis. Her class consist of 23 diverse student learners from various racial, ethical, cultural, and economic backgrounds. Each student acquires individual wants and needs, and exhibits a range of behaviors. Mrs. Branson practices operant conditioning techniques to acquire the good behavior she wants and needs from her students.
Classroom management is one of the most essential skills to becoming an effective classroom teacher. Teachers who possess the ability to manage their classroom are able to create an environment where learning is the focus (Burden & Cooper, 2004). Although teachers may be well prepared and skilled with classroom management, at some point in time they will encounter a student or students whose behavior hovers authority and the functioning of the class. There is no simple way to deal with these difficult situations, but there are strategies to help. The first step is to identify the purpose of the behavior. A Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA), is a systematic set of strategies that are used to determine the underlying function or purpose of a behavior so that an effective intervention plan can be developed (NPDC, 2014).
plan. The first hurdle many new teachers have to overcome is the ability to maintain control of
As a teacher managing problem behavior in your classroom can be one of the most challenging tasks. Behavior problems can range from disruption of lessons to acts of violence against fellow students and teachers. Children’s emotional setbacks and life challenges can also contribute to behavior issues at school. A study done by the Justice Center and the Public Policy Research Institute found that six out of ten students suffered from an “emotional disturbance” and were expelled or suspended between seventh and twelfth grade (Firke, 2011). This same study showed that discipline varied greatly between schools. This report also revealed the urgent need for a more thoughtful technique in school discipline policies. In many cases teachers have exhausted their classroom management strategies without success. Behavior Modification is aimed at improving school and classroom behavior, and can give teachers additional tools to help them to deal proactively and effectively with behaviors that are disruptive to students and teachers in the classroom. When children are disruptive in the classroom it can cause a lot of problems for their classmates and their teacher. Yet, in the long run, it's the disruptive child themselves who is most impacted, on both a social and educational level (Epstein, Atkins, Cullinan, Kutash, & Weaver, 2008). Behavior modification techniques should be used in school, to change the negative behaviors, and increase the positive behaviors seen in these children.
Classroom management is a key element to establish a successful learning environment in any classroom. An effective classroom management plan creates a positive learning environment. Classroom management is affected by the characteristics of the students and their behavior. Students’ behavior is influenced by their age, academic abilities, goals, interests, and home backgrounds (Evertson, Emmer, and Worsham, 2006). Teachers need a diverse array of classroom management skills to facilitate learning. A classroom with a proper management plan will spend less time in disciplining and more time in learning. Students in effectively managed classrooms know and follow clearly defined rules and routines. A classroom management plan should provide for several important factors that influence proper discipline in the classroom (Edwards, 2004).
Classroom management describes the process of ensuring that classroom lessons run smoothly. It is the groundwork for the classroom. When constructed well there is room for growth and progress, as well as penalties for non-compliance. Without good classroom management, learning is inefficient and the teacher becomes stressed. A stressed teacher leads to unruly students, which is where discipline comes into play. Discipline is “the enforcement of order – that is, ensuring instructions are carried out – is often regulated through punishment.” (Discipline, 2011) Teaching children to behave appropriately in different circumstances is discipline, this is done with punishment, or loss of privileges. Discipline is necessary in order to have a harmonious classroom.
Behaviorism used learning concentrates entirely on observing, measuring, and modifying behavior. Since Watson, Pavlov, and Skinner began this theory teacher can better discipline their students. Using operant conditioning teachers can use positive reinforcement to get all the students to behave during class. There are few drawbacks to this theory, but there are drawbacks to everything in life.
As stated earlier, I believe Classroom Management is the key to how learning can take place and students can feel safe participating. I hope to create an environment that is conducive to learning and involves all my students. I believe the most important part of classroom management is not the behavior problems but creating a good rapport with the students, encouraging them to succeed and setting high expectations for them. As well as using an engaging a curriculum, I believe you can create this environment and it will limit the behavior problems in your classroom from the
In the past few years it seems that schools have really lost touch with the discipline of students. With the increasing frequency of school shootings and acts of violence it seems that the students are running the show instead of the teachers and administrators. There are many factors that are involved in creating a great classroom or a horrible classroom. From the way the teachers punish misbehaving students or the way they reward them when they do something right, to how involved the parents are with their children's education. The purpose of this paper is to explain how classroom management, when used effectively by the teacher, can produce an excellent learning environment for students.