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Physical effects of smoking
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Argument against Smoking Mind over Matter
“Nicotine patches and gum are common -- and often ineffective -- ways of fighting cigarette cravings, as most smokers have discovered. Now a new study from the American Friends of Tel Aviv University (AFTAU) shows why they're ineffective, and may provide the basis for more successful psychologically based smoking cessation programs” (American Friends, 2010). With smoking some feel that willpower can help people to overcome their weakness, but for some there needs to be more. And the American Friends of Tel Aviv University feel that it is a waste of money and time to invest medication, patches and gum on a person when they feel that there is a less expensive way of controlling a smoking person’s addiction. To make an assumption of using willpower and refusing to see the medical aspect of this addiction, because having it not even a factor is no way to formulate a hypothesis.
One of The American Friends of Tel Aviv University (AFTAU) research appeals is based without reality and reason of the typical a person with stress and real life issues that they have to deal with every day and with smoking this is the main way a smoker feels they can find relief. And to totally ignore the medical aspect of this problem that affects millions. It was “found that the intensity of cravings for cigarettes had more to do with the psychosocial element of smoking than with the physiological effects of nicotine as an addictive chemical” (American Friends, 2010). There is more to this subject of smoking than just wanting to smoke socially, and in this article that was not written for an audience to understand the full inner workings of the smokers mind. This always plays an integral part to any research ...
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...: Surprising new study shows cigarette cravings result from habit, not addiction. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 21, 2011, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2010/07/100713144920.htm
Associated Press. (2008). Can’t quit Smoking? Blame it on your Genes. MSNBC.com. Retrieved from: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/23919596/ns/health-addictions/t/cant-quit-smoking-blame-your-genes/#
Brooks, M. (2010). Genes affect smoking behavior, lung cancer risk Reuters.com. Retrieved from: http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/04/26/us-genes-smoking-idUSTRE63P4ZQ20100426
Jost, K. (1999). Closing in on Tobacco, Can the Industry Survive the Latest Battles? CQ Researcher, (Vol. 9 number 43)
AFTAU, http://www.aftau.org/site/PageServer?pagename=about_aboutaftau
Zickler, P. (2004). Genetics Plays a Role in Tobacco Use. National Institute on Drug Abuse (Vol. 15). Greenhaven Press.
Volkows, N. D., & Muenke, M. (2012). Human Genetics. The genetics of addiction, Vol 131(6), 773-777. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00439-012-1173-3
The tobacco industry seems like a beneficial addition to our economy. It has basically been a socially acceptable business in the past because it brings jobs to our people and tax money to the government to redistribute; but consider the cost of tobacco related treatment, mortality and disability- it exceeds the benefit to the producer by two hundred billion dollars US. (4) Tobacco is a very profitable industry determined to grow despite government loss or public health. Its history has demonstrated how money can blind morals like an addiction that is never satisfied. Past lawsuits were mostly unsuccessful because the juries blamed the smoker even though the definition of criminal negligence fits the industry’s acts perfectly. Some may argue for the industry in the name of free enterprise but since they have had such a clear understanding of the dangers of their product it changes the understanding of their business tactics and motives. The success of the industry has merely been a reflection of its immoral practices. These practices have been observed through its use of the media in regards to children, the tests that used underage smokers, the use of revenue to avoid the law, the use of nicotine manipulation and the suppression of research.
Borio, Gene, “Tobacco Timeline: The Twentieth Century 1900-1949—The Rise of the Cigarette.” Chapter 6. 1993-2003.
Smoking cigarettes is a detrimental practice not only to the smoker, but also to everyone around the smoker. According to an article from the American Lung Association, “Health Effects” (n.d.), “Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S., causing over 438,000 deaths per year”. The umbrella term for tobacco use includes the use of cigarettes, cigars, e-cigs and chewing tobacco. While tobacco causes adverse health consequences, it also has been a unifying factor for change in public health. While the tobacco industries targets specific populations, public health specifically targets smokers, possible smokers, and the public to influence cessation, policies and education.
Smoking is a lifestyle, a habit, and a trend. Smoking has become a social activity among teens, connecting them through the craving of a smoke. Smoking is seen as seductive and cool in the media and movies which influences teenagers to smoke even more. The World Health Organization has stated that “Tobacco kills around 6 million people each year. More than 5 million of those deaths are the result of direct tobacco use while more than 600,000 are the result of non-smokers being exposed to second-hand smoke.” As of April 2016, only 7% of teenagers in the U.S. smoke, but it is said that tobacco use will kill 8 million people annually by 2030. 99% of adult smokers start in their years as teenagers. Smoking is an epidemic that has taken control of people’s lives since 1881 and the media since the early 1900s. Smoking currently kills about 440,000 people a year in the U.S. I feel that it is an issue because it is the #1 most preventable way to die, but people still continue to smoke because of how it looks and how they are perceived as a person if they do. The fact that people become addicted to a trend that will attribute to their death for the sake of being thought of as cooler, is a problem that needs to be addressed.
Every year cigarette smoking is responsible for 500,000 premature deaths (Nugel), you do not want to be just another statistic, do you? America’s first cash crop was tobacco. That means that tobacco has been around for a really long time. It was not until 1865, though, that cigarettes were sold commercially. They were sold to soldiers at the end of the Civil War (Dowshen). From then, cigarettes spread like wildfire, and it was not until 1964 that anyone made a stand about the negative effects of tobacco and cigarettes. People start smoking for all different reasons, some to fit in and some to “escape”. Regardless, it is a horrible habit. 3900 children will try their first cigarette today. Amongst adults who currently smoke, 68% of them began at age 18 or younger, and 85% at 21 or younger (American Lung Association). And of all those people, 70% say if they were given another chance they would never have picked up that first cigarette (Tobacco Free Maine). Smoking is responsible for 1 and 5 deaths in the united states, and is the number one preventable cause of death (NLH). Smoking burns and there is no doubt about that, but before one picks up that cigarette, understand the negative effects on not only oneself, but others affected by ones poor choices, like second-hand smoke. Because of smoking cigarettes, many types of cancer, decrease of life quality, and negative health effects have become all too common in the world today.
Smokers understand how hard it is to quit. They admire those who were able to quit. We understand the risk of smoking and the obvious side effects that could result in death. Although all the studies show the death effect of smoking, many of us are still unable to quit. In the essay, Phillip brought his girlfriend to a social gathering, where she pulled out a cigarette and started smoking.
The author’s purpose in this essay is to show how smoking can be beneficial in some ways. Brimelow presents his credibility with studies from the International Journal of Epidemiology, New England Journal of Medicine, and Journal of the American Medical Association (Brimelow 142). He notes that smoking can both calm and stimulate people. Smoking has been shown to calm people while driving if they take long puffs. Smoking has also been shown to stimulate if taken in quick, short puffs. Brimelow reiterates this by telling us that “Current understanding is that nicotine is ‘amphoteric’ –that is, it can act to counter both conditions, depending on how it is consumed” (142). This is a reason how smoking can be beneficial.
“New Study Shows Smokers Underutilize Proven Treatment and Services For Quitting.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2014. .
In order to develop a fixed negative reinforcement schedule, I divided my cigarettes into groups allowing myself only three cigarettes a day. I placed my daily ration of cigarettes into envelopes and labeled them for each day of the week. I smoked one cigarette after lunch, one after dinner, and one later at night. I would reward myself with a cigarette after attending classes and eating lunch. I would then reward myself with another cigarette after homework and dinner. Through the course of my week, I violated my regimen only twice. On Wednesday and Friday, I “bummed’ a cigarette from one of my friends. After feeling guilty about violating my regimen, I repented for hours, and swore to myself that I was going to beat my addiction. Primary negative reinforcers also helped me stick with the plan such as improved stamina during physical exercise and more money in my pocket.
Sturgess, Jessica E., et al. "Pharmacogenetics Of Alcohol, Nicotine And Drug Addiction Treatments." Addiction Biology 16.3 (2011): 357-376. Academic Search Complete. Web. 12 Feb. 2014.
An addiction is the state of being enslaved to a habit, practice, or something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming. There are many forms of addictions but the most common addiction is smoking. According to the American Cancer Society, on average about 45 million Americans currently smoke cigarettes. About twenty three percent are male adults and eighteen percent are female adults. Many smokers do not realize the serious effects of smoking until it is too late. It wasn’t known until the past twenty or thirty years what the harmful effects of smoking were. Many people who smoke started because of peer pressure, the desire to be labeled as “cool”, or just did not have the resources to understand the risks. Whatever the reason is, there are many results that are irreversible. There are several negative effects to smoking cigarettes; there is a high financial cost, it effects one’s own health physically and mentally, and can have serious effects on other people.
One of the biggest problems that people are faced with on a day-to-day basis is cigarette smoke. The sole cause for 480,000 deaths each year just in the United States is accredit to cigarettes(CDC). For a lot of the smokers the habit of smoking happens to assist them when under stress and dealing with issues that are unmanageable. Some smoke to appeal to their peers or simply because it “feels good.” Smoking one cigarette can lead to a major addiction. The effects of smoking hurt oneself and those amongst us. Smoking Kills as the ad portrays this revolver and cigarettes as the bullets, and also lists the side effects of smoking. Cigarettes causes cancer, increases the risk of you getting a stroke, highly addictive and causes a lot of health problems. Nearly 16
ASHTON, H. and STEPNEY, R. (1982) Smoking Psychology and Pharmacology. 1st. ed. Great Britain: Cambridge University press.
Consequently, tobacco which contains many harmful chemicals damages human beings’ health day by day. Although people are aware of the bad effects of smoking, they still smoke for one reason or another. When the current situation is considered, it is clear that smoking which has been spreading all over the world is not only the problem of a country or a territory but the problem of mankind because smoking brings many disadvantages for humans like diseases. I personally believe that it is important to help children remain lifelong non-smokers because they are our hope for a non-smoking future.