An Argument Against Citigroup in China Chinese regulations have historically limited the operations of foreign banks, but with the entry of China into the World Trade Organization (WTO), that is all slated to change- in theory. Geographic limitations for foreign banks are to be lifted by December 2006, along with a host of other restrictions that have retarded the growth of Western banks and the Chinese banking sector as a whole. Progress on these liberalizations has been slow, however, and Chinese regulators have even put other limitations in place that will hurt competition in the long run
This is far from the only problem facing the Chinese banking sector. Decades of policy lending have saddled the four state-owned banks with an unhealthy level of nonperforming loans from state-owned enterprises. Asset management companies have been created to manage these nonperforming loans, but the situation is far from stable. A lack of corporate governance has also created an environment where management of banks is opaque and corruption widespread. The risks inherent in this industry are great.
Midway through 2005, Citibank faced significant barriers to growth in China. It had worked hard to become the dominant foreign bank in the country in expectation that the country's banking sector would be opened to all compe...
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...s well as the first international bank to launch two new investment products, Premium Accounts and Market Linked Accounts, in China (www.citigroup.com/citigroup/press/2005/050304a.htm.)
While these were all significant developments, Citibank's pace of growth was non-existent in its Chinese operations. The regulatory changes that Citibank had expected never materialized and as a result, the bank was unable to offer the bulk of the services most important to profitability in China.
REFERENCES
"China: Citibank Opens New Consumer Bank Branch in Shenzen." Corporate press release, March 4,
2005. Accessed at http://www.citigroup.com/citigroup/press/2005/050304a.htm.
Gordon G. Chang, The Coming Collapse of China, (Random House, New York, 2001), Page 124.
On August 12, 1998, Citibank took full ownership and control of the medium-sized Mexican banking group, Confía, dropping the latter's name and logo from the 280 branches throughout Mexico, and from that point on operating it as part of Citibank Mexico. The road that led to this outcome was rocky to say the least, and the fit of the Mexican bank into Citicorp's global organization and strategy was quite different from what would have been expected only months earlier. This discussion describes the sequence of events involved and the ways in which the process was linked to the organizations and people involved. Before starting into the banks' situations and characteristics, an orientation to the time and place is useful.
• JPMorgan Chase’s operations in emerging markets may be hindered by local political, social and economic factors, and may be subject to additional compliance costs and risks.
Citigroup is one of the most well known financial companies in the world. The company has been one of the pioneers of the business financial world. They have contributed in many contemporary ways in the use of banks, and many other financial systems. Citigroup was a representation of the financial market success of the United States, Wall Street, and the financial world. The company has more than 200 years of history, and had been receiving high credibility from worldwide customers. However, after the company’s merger of Citicorp and Travelers Insurance the company was put under new management. Following their boss’ lead, the corporation began to make decisions that were only made with the best interest of the maximization of Citigroup’s profits in mind. This eventually led to the Recession of 2008 and a very rocky road for Citigroup. The company’s actions were similar to that of Netbank, but the end results of the companies differed due to Citigroup’s size. The financial crisis of Citigroup could have been avoided had the necessary precautions been taken, had these provisions been taken it could have possibly helped to avoid the economic recession of the United States as well.
The article also give snap shot of the foreign companies who misjudge the Chinese culture, competition, size the market, and some other factors, have been badly affected by investing in china.
Rawski, Thomas G. "The Rise of China's Economy." Foreign Policy Research Institute. FPRI, n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2014.
The early decades of the nineteenth century saw the establishment of banks in the Caribbean largely as a convenience for the local governments. Throughout much of the nineteenth century, most Caribbean banks operated as an oligopoly with limited government influence – this directly translated into higher profits. However, over time, the banking environment could best be described as complex and dynamic. Competition increased, resulting into greater need for improved customer service, product innovation and cost reduction strategies. In order to achieve this, the banking sector was undergoing major structural reforms characterized by mergers and acquisitions. On July 23, 2001 Barclays and CIBC announced that they were in advanced discussions which were intended to lead to the combination of their retail, corporate and offshore banking operations in the Caribbean.
From the 1970s, there has been a wave of liberalization in China, which was introduced by Deng Xiaoping. This is one of the key reasons to the rise of China to be one of the economic giants in the world. In the last 25 years of the century, the Chinese economy has had massive economic growth, which has been 9.5 percent on a yearly basis. This has been of great significance of the country since it quadrupled the gross domestic product (GDP) of the country thus leading to saving of 400 million of their citizens from the threats of poverty. In the late 1970s, China was ranked twentieth in terms of trade volumes in the whole world as well as being predicted to be the world’s top nation concerning trading activities (Kaplan, 53). This further predicted the country to record the highest GDP growth in the whole world.
1,360,720,000. 1.36 Billion. The population of China is the highest among the world and growing. 30 percent of the world’s population is under 30 years old. China accounts for 20 percent of the entire world’s population. These statistics are staggering. China’s youth is essential to the world and will extremely affect how the entire earth will progress over the next 100 years. The progression of the Chinese people, from childhood to adulthood, is necessary in understanding how the world will change in the future. Determination, taught through the coming of age process, is what propels China to be the world’s largest economy. For centuries, youths came of age through family centered ceremonies and customs in ancient China, now, the coming of age in modern China is rooted in becoming more western.
The Challenge of China Contribution to a Transcultural Political Economy ofCommunication for the Twenty-First Century
Xingzhong, LI Daokui David YIN. "The International Monetary System in the Era of Post-Financial Crisis: What Policy Options Does China Have?[J]." Journal of Financial Research 2 (2010): 005
The rise in China from a poor, stagnant country to a major economic power within a time span of twenty-eight years is often described by analysts as one of the greatest success stories in these present times. With China receiving an increase in the amount of trade business from many countries around the world, they may soon be a major competitor to surpass the U.S. China became the second largest economy, last year, overtaking Japan which had held that position since 1968 (Gallup). China could become the world’s largest economy in decades.
China's development is praised by the whole world. Its developments are not only in the economic aspect, but as well in its foreign affairs. Compared with other developed countries, China is a relatively young country. It began constructing itself in 1949. After 30 years of growth, company ownership had experienced unprecedented changes. Entirely, non-state-owned companies can now be more involved in sectors that used to be monopolized by state-owned companies.
The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. is an American multinational investment banking firm. It is considered to one of the premier investment banks in the world. Some of the business areas where it engages itself are :
It is a known fact that the banking industry plays a huge role in today’s society, the industry has grown rapidly of many decades and still growing. The banking sector is that sector of the society that is actually responsible for the handling of financial assets for other sector of the economy, they do this by investing the financial assets in order to create more wealth in the society while regulating all the activities involved in the process. (What is the banking Sector 2015)
Banks sector is playing an important role in economies. The banking industry, as the classic and the most influential of financial intermediaries, facilitates economic operations. Financial sector in the worldwide country has been changes over these years by looking the changes of financial structure environment and economic conditions. Thus, banks are a very important point to financial system and play an important role as control and contribute growth to the economic sector.