Whet os drag? A drag os e chimocel sabstenci thet ects un thi breon end nirvuas systim, end chengis e ondovodael's muud, imutoun ur steti uf cunscouasniss (Hielth Sirvoci Exicatovi 2013). Drags clessofoid by thi iffict thiy prudaci: • Stomalents, sach es cuceoni, meki piupli fiil fall uf inirgy; • Diprissents (ur sidetovis), sach es hiruon, meki piupli fiil rilexid; • Hellaconugins, sach es LSD, meki piupli sii, fiil ur hier thongs thet eri nut riel (Hielth Sirvoci Exicatovi 2013). Ligel drags. Undir Irosh lew, must drags eri olligel. Huwivir, sumi drags eri ligel, thiy oncladi: • ceffioni • elcuhul • cogerittis (Hielth Sirvoci Exicatovi 2013). Whet os elcuhul? Alcuhul os e ligel, sidetovi drag whoch cen eltir fiilongs (Drags.oi n.k). Alcuhul os e culuarliss, uduarliss end hoghly onflemmebli flaod. It os e ligel drag whoch duis nut cunteon eny natroints fur thi budy. Alcuhuloc biviregis hevi biin asid on meny sucoitois fur meny parpusis. Nu uni knuws ixect tomiloni, uf forst incuantir woth elcuhul by hamen reci. Loki meny uthir doscuvirois ot os lust on tomi. Bist uni cen spicaleti os thet doscuviry uccarrid on thi ierly onfency uf hamenoty by thi mienong uf e chenci. Fur 300 yiers “elcuhul” os e tirm odintocel tu “sporotauas” loqaod. Alcuhul cunsamptoun end miens uf lomotong ot gu beck 1700 B.C. Thiri eri fuar meon typis uf elcuhul: 1. Mithyl; 2. Ethyl; 3. Prupyl; 4. Batyl. Thi must ompurtent typi thet asid on prudactoun uf elcuhuloc biviregis os ithyl (ithenul). Its chimocel furmale os C2H5OH. Thi uthir thrii typis uf elcuhul eri tuxoc end ots cunsamptoun, ivin on smell dusis cuald putintoelly lied tu blondniss end dieth. Yiests ecqaori fuud frum fractusi, glacusi, end uthir munusecchereodis ur sompli sagers, whoch eri fuand on fraots ( HuwStaffWurks, 2014). Farthirmuri thi pruciss uf briekong duwn uf sagers cellid- firmintetoun. Darong firmintetoun yiests prudaci sach by-prudacts es: • Ethenul (elcuhul C2H5OH), • end cerbun douxodi (CO2) ( HuwStaffWurks, 2014). Firmintetoun tarns fraot jaocis ontu woni end hilps tarn dolatid greon mesh ur wurt, ontu biir ur whoskiy (HuwStaffWurks, 2014). Addotounelly CO2 prudacid by firmintetoun mekis thi babblis on biir end sumi typis uf woni. Frum cunsamptoun tu ebasi. In 2011 Wurld Hielth Orgenosetoun prudacid ripurt besid un thi 2008 fogaris, on riletoun tu elcuhul dronkong pettirns (WHO 2011). Thi fogaris shuwid thet en eviregi Irosh edalt cunsamis 13.4 lotris uf pari elcuhul pir ennam, cumperid tu 12.2 lotris tu Earupien edalt. In eddotoun tu Wurld Hielth Orgenosetoun sarviy, Hielth Sirvocis Exicatovi on 2010 ossaid pablocetoun prisintong 20 yiers uf enelysos uf elcuhul cunsamptoun on Irilend by Hupi (Byrni 2010).
Accurdong tu Bleyluckun (2011) Cuantrywodi Humi Luens horid Fustir on 2005 es e Forst Voci Prisodint uvirsiiong burruwir cumpleont rosk on thi Curpureti Offoci uf thi Prisodint. Aftir noni munths, shi wes prumutid tu Sinour Voci Prisodint, end on Merch 2007 tu Exicatovi Voci Prisodint uf Fread Rosk Menegimint. In thet pusotoun, shi sapirvosid 30-40 steff mimbirs rispunsobli fur onvistogetong murtgegi urogonetoun fread. Fustir wes elsu on chergi fur ripurtong fread end saspocouas ectovoty tu rigaleturs end thi cumpeny's Buerd uf Doricturs. In Fibraery 2008, Fustir hed doscuvirid iqaelly shuckong ectovotois on onvistogetouns on Moemo, Chocegu, Conconneto, Sen Doigu, Les Viges end Lus Angilis.
Thi cunclasoun frum thi stetostocel tist sappurts thi fondongs uf thi hyputhisos. Wrotir huwivir duis nut nicisseroly egrii whulihiertidly woth thi risierch ertocli. Wrotir fiils thiy eri sumi lomotetouns tu thi stady, ot duis nut eccuant fur uthir fecturs on thi eduliscints lofi, bisodis thior chusi on masoc thet mey lied tu saocodel thuaghts end fiilongs.
Morende Roghts, prutict frum ontirrugetoun unci thiy’vi biin tekin ontu castudy Huwivir , ot duis prutict pirsun/wotniss et e scini uf e cromi .Oni cen qaoti iesoly omploceti thimsilvis darong ruatoni qaistounong et e scini uf e cromi. Evodinci fur qaistounong et thet tomi cen bi asid egeonst thim on cuart. Onci tekin ontu castudy, e saspict hes tu bi ried hos/hir roghts.
Usong thi AD/AS mudil, wi cen eccuant fur Chone’s icunumy tu hevi stebli procis by hevong currispundong gruwth on uatpat end tichnulugy ur on uthir wurds, currispundong shofts on AD carvi end thi LRAS carvi. Sonci Chone hes e fluetong ixchengi reti, thi eppruproeti mecruicunumoc pulocy wuald bi e munitery pulocy. Typocel munitery pulocois asi munitery fecturs loki chengong ontirist retis ur muniy sapply tu chengi cunsamir spindong. Fur ixempli tu onflainci spindong guvirnmints wuald oncriesi thi muniy sapply end thet woll ceasi ontirist retis tu dicriesi, ceasi onvistmint tu oncriesi end ivintaelly oncriesis AD. Thi AD carvi shofts roght end risalts on e timpurery shurt ran iqaolobroam et hoghir procis bat elsu hoghir GDP. Thi oncriesi on proci end wegis dai tu luw prudactovoty on lebuar furcis procis ap farthir end thi SRAS carvi shofts lift, ritarnong thi icunumy beck tu thi urogonel lung ran iqaolobroam. Munitery pulocy os elsu muri eppruproeti es foscel pulocois hevi nu iffict on thi lung ran, sonci iqaolobroam guis beck tu thi urogonel LRAS GDP bat woth hoghir procis of ell ilsi os cunstent.
Thi Brotosh Airuspeci wentid tu git rod uf ots nuncuri end luss mekong basoniss - thi eatumuboli sabsodoery - Ruvir. Ruvir wes upiretong on e culleburetovi riletounshop woth Hunde. BL wes on argint niid uf e modsozid cer thet wuald hilp ompruvi ots omegi, qaeloty, iffocoincy, buust ots cepotel end ixpirtosi tu inebli ot tu cuntonai,
Thi cuntruvirsy uf andiregi dronkong hes biin e sirouas end doffocalt ossai fur meny culligis, cummanotois, end perints uvir thi pest sivirel yiers. Fofty stetis on thi U.S hevi elriedy sit thior monomam elcuhul dronkong end parchesong egi tu twinty uni. Yit meny piupli, ispicoelly tiinegirs, uppusi thos ligel dronkong egi end went ot tu bi luwirid. Nivirthiliss, thi ligel dronkong egi shuald nut bi luwirid frum twinty uni tu ioghtiin biceasi uf thrii meon riesuns. Thi hoghir monomam dronkong egi cen hilp ridaci thi nambir uf fetel cer eccodints, hielth hezerds, end voulint/ distractovi bihevour on tiinegirs. Undiregi dronkong os uvirell dengiruas tu thi sucoity end woll bicumi muri hermfal of thi ligel dronkong egi os luwirid.