Adult and Embryonic Stem Cells

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We must start at the basic, what are cells? Cells are the basic unit of living things. We all have trillions upon trillions of cells that make up our body. Our body has three main cell types which are: Ectoderm, Mesoderm, and Endoderm. Ectoderm cells are in the skin, hair, eyelids and nerves cells for bones, Mesoderm cells are in muscles, tendons blood vessels and kidney construct the linings of two tubes within the body and Endoderm cells are in digestive tubes and respiratory tube. There are also stem cells.” Stem cells are unspecialized cells that have two defining properties: the ability to differentiate into other cells and the ability to self-regenerate.” (Kochar)There are different types of stem cells; embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are meant for growth. Some come different parts of our bodies and also known as building block cells. Adult stem cells repair cells. Alexander Maksimov, Russian histologist, who discovered and forwarded the existence of stem cells as part of his theory of hematopoiesis in 1908. He came up with the term stem cells. Adult stem cells serve to replace specialized cells if it needed. These cells cannot reproduce like embryonic stem cells. Unlike Embryonic stem cells, these cells cannot make all cell types in the organism, though they can generate multiple types. They are specialized for specific body parts. There are 3 different types of Adult Stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and Endodermal stem cells. Hematopoietic stem cells are meant to replace blood cells. They are the most important stem cells because they construct the body. Mesenchymal stem cells are for the replace cartilage, bone, tendons, heart muscle, nerves, ligaments, hearing... ... middle of paper ... ...B. Hurlbut. http://alterednucleartransfer.com/index.php?page=4a&view=1. Bethesda (April 28, 2002). Stem Cell Basics. National Institute of Health, turning discovery into health. http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/basics/pages/basics1.aspx. Kochar,Preeti Gokal. (December 2004)What are stem cells?. http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/stemcell/overview.php. Murnaghan,Ian. (5 October 2013 ) Totipotent Stem Cells. Exploring stem cells. http://www.explorestemcells.co.uk/TotipotentStemCells.html. New Hope Fertility Center. (n.d) Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjL2XoNIO54 RepressedGeek.(n.d). Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bbZiOiPVG6c. Kaulitzki, Sebastian. (June 28, 2010). Scientists Grow New Lungs Using 'Skeletons' of Old Ones. Science Daily. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/06/100624092522.htm.

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