Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Contemporary challenges in global business
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Contemporary challenges in global business
Introduction
The global economy faces significant challenges - the increasing unemployment with low or no economic growth (GFmag.com, 2014). In this economic environment, the demand of employment of highly specialized knowledge is limited. Particularly to those hold a doctoral degree, the employment situation is even less optimistic, although to achieve such a degree usually takes a great amount of time and efforts. One of the factors is that the skills of “PhDs” are so specialized that they have difficulty to compete for jobs outside academia. Actually even inside of the academic field, there are still far insufficient faculty jobs for them. It is now more than ever that the PhD candidates shall understand the situation as well as expand the horizons from lab bench to the market.
A concept of “knowledge-based economy”, proposed by (Foray & Lundvall, 1998), was described as “An economy that derives its primary value from knowledge and the management of knowledge - a key goal of the European Union's strategy for sustainable growth and full employment.” (European_Commission, 2013). As a matter of fact, before the proposal of this concept, universities have been no longer just the center of knowledge production and communities of academies. The interaction between university and industry has been established since 1990s (Henry Etzkowitz, 1997; B. Martin & Etzkowitz, 2000; B. R. Martin, 2012).
Universities are playing an increasingly important role towards innovation development. And the understanding of innovation process, along with social progress, is now beyond the traditional linear models (Deakins & Freel, 2003). Innovation is described as a systemic interacted phenomenon, upon which cooperation of three institutional sphere...
... middle of paper ...
...promote commercialization of university knowledge. Technovation, 26(4), 518-533. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.11.005
Rasmussen, Einar, Mosey, Simon, & Wright, Mike. (2014). The influence of university departments on the evolution of entrepreneurial competencies in spin-off ventures. Research Policy, 43(1), 92-106. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2013.06.007
Scott, W. Richard. (2008). Institutions and Organizations : Ideas and Interests (3 rd ed.). Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
Slaughter, Sheila A. , & Leslie, Larry L. (1999). Academic Capitalism : Politics, Policies, and the Entrepreneurial University. Baltimore, Md. ;London: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Triple_Helix_Conference. (2011). from http://www.triplehelixconference.org/th/11/
WIPO. (2014). World Intellectual Property Organization. from http://www.wipo.int/portal/en/
What stands out about American universities today? Is it the academic opportunities offered to students, experienced faculty, or strong sense of community? Or...perhaps they have lost their focus. It is not uncommon for universities to focus their efforts and budgets elsewhere; by building state of the art gyms, for example, remodeling luxury dorms, grooming campuses, or creating more management positions. College students and professors alike are subject to the nationally occurring changes in higher level education. Colleges are becoming commercialized and tuition is rising, but is the quality of education improving? In “Why We Should Fear University, Inc.”, Fredrik DeBoer is able to provide a personal take on the issue of corporate domination
Bolman, L. G., & Deal, T. E. (2013). Reframing Organizations (5th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Tingle begins his article by refuting David Bartholomae’s “Inventing the University”, effectively based on his own social tragedy with the working and middle class. Tingle instantly increases his credibility on the subject as he has experience in both the working and middle class,
Aronowitz, S., & Giroux, H. (2000). The knowledge factory: Dismantling the coporate university and creating true higher learning. Boston, MA: Beacon Press
Newman, John Henry. "The Idea of a University." The Presence of Others. 3rd ed. Ed. Andrea A. Lunsford and John J. Ruszkiewicz. New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2000. 126 - 131.
Quirke, Linda, and Scott Davies. "The new entrepreneurship in higher education: The impact of tuition increases at an Ontario university." Canadian Journal of Higher Education. Canadian Journal of Higher Education. 2002. Web. 8 Apr. 2014.
The biggest question or dispute regarding the cost of higher education is finding the appropriate monetary and economical equation to determine the percentage of personal and public responsibility. The above debate has been in question since the 1800’s when Thomas Jefferson stated; "I think by far the most important bill in our whole code is that for the diffusion of knowledge among the people. No other sure foundation can be devised, for the preservation of freedom and happiness ”. Those important words that called attention to the importance of having an educated citizenry in order to preserve democracy are until this day, words by which legislator...
Meyer , J. W. , and Rowan , B. “ Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth
The Hart Report, on the other hand, also states the same problem of unemployment and the global recession which has left employers focusing on employees not only with specialists’ skills but also a “broader range of skills and knowledge” (page 6-7). The Hart Report clearly reflects what the needs of contemporary employers are, but the question is whether it is the universities or the students themselves who fail to cope with the requirements of the contemporary world which is filled with technological advancement and critical thinking. The Texas Work Source has also played an important role in examining what is actually missing in today’s generation and the reasons behind such a great decline in employment. The central Shafiq 2 problem discussed by all the three reports is the employment crisis which the millennials will be facing due to the educational problems, either in the schools or in the students, and at the same time the increasing demand of symbol analysts. All three reports are an eye-opener for the millennials, as they have clearly demonstrated all the prob... ...
Carlson, Scott. “A President, Fighting For Every Nickel. (Cover Story).” Chronicle of Higher Education 56.30 2010: A1-A19. Academic Search Premier. Web. 11 May 2014.
Lake, P. F. (2013). The rights and responsibilities of the modern university: Who assumes the
Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurship has been an essential part of 3M culture. Evolutionary spin-offs have developed a key...
Bolman, L. G., & Deal, T. E. (2008). Reframing organizations. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons.
Hatch, M. J., & Cunliffe, A. L. (2006). Organization Theory: Modern, Symbolic, and Postmodern Perspectives. New York: Oxford University Press.
Bok, Derek. Universities in the marketplace: The commercialization of higher education. Princeton University Press, 2009.