Introduction
Ansar al-Islam (AAI) issue titled the magazine and TV in September 2001, when it killed forty-two Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) fighters. This was awakened up the Kurds, who rapidly built up a conventional defensive front. It was very clearly apparent that the Kurdish was the main objective as priority of the new jihadist war, (Schanzer 2004: 43). The group was established in Kurdistan region in 2001 as a Salafist Islamist organization imposed a strict application of the Sharia in some villages around Halabja city, near the Iranian border. After the US invasion of Iraq, AAI became a clandestine insurgent group, which fought against the Kurdish political parties and the US armies and its Iraqi allies. Currently, the group is intense their operations more broadly, particularly following the activation against some of slippers cells, and penetration several new foreign cadres into Iraq.
This paper firstly describes the rising AAI as militant organization from its historical origins in Kurdistan/ Iraq, as well as, significant challenge for the power and the authority. Secondly, it describes the group as brutal and violence terrorist organization, and theoretically explains the main objective of the group. Thirdly, it will analyse three vital aspects of AAI, and indicates how the group was externally funded and military sponsored, as well as, its affiliation with Al-Qaeda. Finally, the paper will conclude by arguing the challenges for AAI to resilient the sleeper cells and springs back to its shapes after its toppled.
The Rise of Ansar al-Islam
After the Iraqi government withdrew in three provinces in north of Iraq, Kurdish forces have took power the region in October 1991, numerous opposition factions operat...
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...ne of the most dangerous terrorism organization which is entirely affiliates in al-Qaida network, and it has waged and fully sponsored from externally such as Al-Qaida, Iran and Wahhabi groups in Saudi Arabia; with its main target to attack secular parties in Kurdistan and a vital the USA interests in Iraq. It has been assumed that, affiliation with al-Qaida led the group to grow much more rapid. AAI was labelled as terrorist group, and then it toppled by the Kurdish soldiers backed the USA Special Forces in 2003. The groups’ survivors and its clandestine cells have been resilience and commencement their operation soon again due to significant political challenge and security weakness in Iraq. Since then AAI has become a prominent insurgent group active, carrying out various operation such as kidnappings, suicide bombing and guerrilla attacks in Iraq and Kurdistan.
Sunni’s comprise the modern Ba’ath party in Iraq, which came to power in the 1960’s after Arabs losing the six day war to Israel. The Ba’ath Party is a highly centralized, authoritarian, socialist reform party with strong communist ties opposing imperialism and colonialism. During Saddam’s rule, Ba’athists received preferential treatment. Fallujah, with cities like Tikrit (Saddam’s home town), formed the power base for the Ba’ath party.
Likewise, Goodwin illustrates how the use of categorical terrorism can be seem being used by Al-Qaida during the attacks of 9/11. Nonetheless, it is evident that Al-Qaida is unusual in terms of using terrorism to influence the rise of unity rather than trying to overthrow a standing state. For the purpose of instigating a pan-Islamic revolutionary movement, Al-Qaida tries to unite all Islamic people under one state to develop umma, or Muslim community. The logic of Al-Qaida remained that if their “revolutionaries” could illicit a reaction from the powerful US state, resulting in oppression of the middle-eastern region, that Al-Qaida could, as a result, unite all Muslims to counter this suggested oppression. Although the end goal of Al-Qaida clear failed, it does suggest the organization’s attempt at implementing categorical terrorism.
van Bruinessen, Martin. "Kurdistan." Oxford Companion to the Politics of the World, 2nd edition. Joel Krieger, ed. Oxford University Press, 2001.
Al-Qaeda is an Islamist group that was founded by Osama bin Laden in the 1980s. Al-Qaeda is the same group that carried out the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Al-Qaeda means "the base". In 2010, the Al-Qaeda magazine had a step by step guide to making a pressure cooker bomb. The brothers were planning to do some of the same acts in New York City.
For approximately the past three decades, a terrorist group has come to plague the world with its activities (Gunaratna, 2002). This group is known as Al Qaeda. Al Qaeda, when translated means “The Base”. It is a terrorist organization that seeks to remove western influence from the Middle East and spread its radical Islamic views. Al Qaeda’s most prominent leader was Osama bin Laden, until his death during a raid upon his compound in Pakistan. The Al Qaeda’s motivation stems primarily from extreme and deeply rooted religious beliefs. Their most used method of attack is through suicide bombers and improvised explosive devices. This organization has also used chemical warfare and at this time is believed to still actively seek to utilize chemical and biological agents as means to battle.
Deliberate killings, human bombs, dozens of vicious groups, and a growing sense of insecurity trouble Iraq (Tirman). Cluster bombs and landmines’ have caused many deaths to innocent civilians. People forced from their homes in fear of their lives and their family’s lives. When some refugees tried to go home, they were killed.
Conflict has also been a significant part of Iraqi history since the Akkadian wars of 2340 BC. The rise of the Babylonian dynasty in 1700 BC gave way to the Assyrian dynasty in 1340 BC. The Assyrians were eventually overthrown in the seventh century BC by the Persian Empire of Alexander the Great. (2) The Arabs conquered the region in the early expansion of Islam in the eighth century AD, followed by the Mongol invasion in 1258. The last of the great dynasties to rule th...
The topic of my paper is types of terrorism. There are several types of terrorism for which to choose for my paper, state, dissident, religious, left-wing v. right-wing, and international. In this paper I have chosen state terrorism, religious terrorism, and international terrorism as the types of terrorism that I am going to discuss. I will discuss what they are in my own words and give examples of two different groups for each type that represent that type of terrorism. Then I will compare and contrast the three types of terrorism that I chose.
Iraq’s history is one of both prosperity and violence, and dates back to the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia. While dominated by a variety of civilizations, the region enjoyed a relatively stable society. Since the birth of Islam, the religion has been the dominant cultural belief of the region, and has made its way into the laws and ruling of the region. (InDepth Info, 2010)
Rivkin, David B., Jr., and Lee A. Casey. "The New Iraqi Constitution." The Heritage Foundation. The Heritage Foundation, 16 Sept. 2005. Web. 20 Mar. 2014.
Al Qaeda is a terrorist organization established in Peshawar, Pakistan, between 1988 or 1989 by Osama bin laden and his teacher Abullah Yusuf Azzam. Al-Qaeda is an international terrorist network that considered the top terrorist threat to the United States. Al Qaeda is seeking to get rid of all westerns from Muslims territory and replace their own Islamic regime. They are a group of people who work to gather to plan act of terrorism against Muslim and non Muslim especially United State. Al Qaeda believes that they are fighting a holy war against enemy of their religion. People from many countries have joined this group including Afghanistan, Pakistan and Britain. This paper is going to present a brief historical background of Al Qaeda that how it emerged with their ideology, view, believe, and goals they have and also it presents the Activities which this group has been done before and after the very massive attack they had in US in September 11, 2001 and the international responses to this act of violence. Finally this paper will end up with comparing this Organization (Al Qaeda) with Reverend Mike Bray the Christian terrorist.
...most distressed by outcome of a war, could exercise only inadequate control on the issue of armed action against Iraq. Most of the regional actors discarded the U.S. policy towards Iraq with varying intensity as they feared insecurity after Iraq’s disintegration (Reuters, 2003) whereas; Jordan decided not to endanger its rewarding ties with Washington. Another key actor at this level is the Baathi party in Iraq which was based on tribal division, domestic oppression and economic enticement. Under Baathi regime military, bureaucracy and security services was divided into several competing institutions which reinforced Hussein’s dictatorship in Iraq. In the post war Iraq, the USA in collaboration with the Iraq National Congress and the Supreme Council of Islamic Revolution started to make Iraq a democracy that is similar to the American political culture and values.
This group was created in 1978 and continues to expand its power today. It began as a branch of Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood. This terrorist group has several goals ranging from creating a Islamic state to continuing the armed struggle against Israeli occupation of Palestine territories. Their acts of terrorism to date have included suicide bomb attacks against Israeli civilians to attacks on suspected Palestinian collaborators.
The abrupt end of decade long dominating regime in three weeks had created a political vacuum, that is evident in shifting coalitions and divisions among religious groups, ethnic groups, regional groups and even classes (Barnett et al. 2003, 25). US did not realize, moreover, the depth of the hostility between Kurds and Arabs, Sunnis and Shiites, and the members of different tribes and local religious groups. Furthermore, to deal with destruction in Iraq new plan was decided by the US. The plan was to pull out all troops and hand over the responsi...
Their branches consist of the Iraqi Army, Navy, Air Force, Iraqi Air Defense, and Iraqi Special Forces. A few wars they have been a part of are World War 1, 3 Persian Gulf Wars (Operation Desert Storm and Operation Iraqi Freedom), and a Civil War (currently with ISIS). On 16 January 1991 the Gulf War started with thousands of bombing raids in an effort to evict Saddam Hussein and his Iraqi forces from Kuwait. On 23 February 1991 the ground war started; it ended in a US and multi-national forces victory after 100 hours fighting by ground forces. On September 11, 2001, militant Islamic terrorists hijacked commercial airliners and flew them into the World Trade Center in New York and the Pentagon, killing nearly 3,000 people (history.com). The U.S. automatically stepped up investigations into Iraq’s possible connection to the terrorist organization, Al-Qaeda, who were responsible for the attacks. In 2003, President George W. Bush declared war on Iraq and initiated Operation Iraqi Freedom. In 2003 Saddam Hussein was captured and was hanged in 2006. His death marked a milestone in U.S. history and in 2011, all troops were brought home ending the War in Iraq. Currently there is a Civil War going on in the country of Iraq with a group known as