The top-down strategy GSDA followed until 2000 called upon to change the mandate to GW management creating participatory mechanisms. GSDA became bound to involve community in GW management including stakeholders at all levels of the social structure.
A participatory approach is seen as viable means for achieving long lasting consensus and management of resources. Participation is about taking responsibility, recognizing the effect of sectoral action on other users and accepting need for change to improve the efficiency and allow sustainable development of resources(TAC, GWP 2000: 15).
Chapter 5
GSDA Phase III -– Participatory Mode
(Year 2000 onwards)
A few discrepancies of the last 50 years of water resource development and management in the State brought about certain critical challenges requiring immediate attention. The winds of change accommodating participatory approach, that have swept organisations across the world, reached GoM in 2000 when it adopted the sector reform approach in Water Supply and Sanitation Sector. Current chapter discusses in detail the process and challenges GSDA faced in ultimately accommodating participatory approach.
To face new challenges of sector reform and ensure the future welfare of its entire people, State planned to create a new institutional arrangement at various levels to guide and regulate water resources management, to decentralize the responsibility for water resources planning, development, management, and operation and maintenance functions. Various committee reports also recommended community participation in GSDA’s arena.
Katti Committee (1986) gave stress on community based water budgeting whereas Maharashtra Water and Irrigation Commission (19...
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...or the scrutiny.
This would be a new era in GW management. GSDA’s role will be very crucial. The organisation took tremendous efforts in making the draft bill. It organised many workshops to interact with NGOs and experts on this issue. It had several meetings with Principle Secretary and Law Department. As a Director of GSDA during that period, I had an opportunity to work hard in this matter and I am witness to the entire process of policymaking.
GSDA needs appropriate political and bureaucratic support to perform the new community oriented role. It needs to be strengthened bureaucratically by creating a separate wing to look after these participatory activities. Then only it will pave the way for sustainable management of precious natural resource. The role and arrangement of organisation that has been modified since its formation is depicted in figure 2.
Water shortage is a growing problem for most countries in the world. For China, which has 20% of world’s population and only 7% of available water resources, this problem may become catastrophic (Hofstedt 2010, 72). Therefore some actions and measures should be performed to avoid or at least to weaken future water crisis in China. In this work the following three solutions will be proposed and analyzed in terms of efficiency and applicability: water usage efficiency improvement; adopting the local agencies on controlling water resources; reasonable water pricing.
4. United Nations Development Programme, U.N. Human Development Report 2006, Beyond Scarcity: Power, Poverty, and the Global Water Crisis, web. 6 Dec. 2009 http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/hdr2006_english_summary.pdf
This is because only a small part of the population, particularly in developing countries, have access to water of acceptable quality. It is estimated that in some countries only 20% of the rural population has water of satisfactory quality. Based on these statistics, it is clear the urgent need for awareness about caring for water use. Almost without realizing it, we are seriously jeopardizing this essential resource, not for us but for our children's children and their generations, aware that in other parts o...
...nd dealt with in a manner that is beneficial to the environment and to all the people of the region.
O'Connell, E. (2011, January/February). Increasing Public Participation in Municipal Solid Waste Reduction. Geographical Bulletin, 52(2), 105-118. Retrieved from http://www.gammathetaupsilon.org/geographical-bulletin.html
Sustainability is a concept with a diverse array of meanings and definitions – a widely used glamorous, ambiguous, ambivalent and vague concept that is used by different stakeholder groups in various ways. Presumably to avoid noodling over a terminology or to avoid the confrontation with a definition, most widely the concept is broken down a planning process (c.f. e.g. Döring & Muraca, 2010). That is why most common sustainability is understood as sustainable development.1
This paper is divided into three parts and underlines the key information provided in the respective chapter related to the development of environmental regimes. First, it introduces and summarizes the processes involved in the development of GERs. Second, it briefly illustrates these processes to two case studies provided by the authors; ozone depletion and climate change. Finally, the paper ends with a brief personal reaction, also based on readings from Conca and Debelko’s Institutions of Global Environmental Governance, to add perspective to the final analysis.
...r all the decision. Reconciliation of interest, resolving personal conflicts, mutual support and information sharing will require the development of transparent and inclusive process. The agreement among all the stakeholders will help in building the proper policies and regulation with the interest of social and environmental issues.
Just as governmental agencies have run into problems internationally when it comes to agreeing on environmental issues, NGOs have come across similar obstacles in their attempt to protect the environment. The usual rivalry of northern industrialized views opposing those of the emerging southern ideals can be seen at the level of NGOs as well.
Although that SIA is considered to contribute effectively to social sustainability, there are three key limitations of current SIA practices leading challenges to achieve it (Vanclay et.al 2011). Firstly, the limitation of SIA in resource development and design. Secondly, people have traditional understandings about SIA, which limits the effective contribution of SIA to sustainability. Thirdly, the SIA lack of a regulatory agency definition and peer review studies. However, in order to fully achieve potential contribution of SIA to sustainability, three ways are promoted to achieve better sustainable development.
One main causes of water scarcity is water mismanagement worldwide. Water mismanagement has become a crisis of governance that will impact heavily ...
Participation can be seen as “the inclusion of a diverse range of stakeholder contributions in an on-going community development process, from identification of problem areas, to the development, implementation and management of strategic planning” (Schafft and Greenwood, 2003, p. 19).
Government as the highest institutional department also needs to support this program. Giving a full attention and strict organize can be a good way to control the quality of the village’s development.
Water is an integral part of not only human beings but all other creatures in the world. We use it every day for different purposes such as domestic, agricultural and industrial. Water has always been a prestigious resource. However, the majority of people do not appraise water’s worth since they do not face water scarcity; whereas, in third world countries it is one of the most serious problems. Nearly 2.4 billion people have a lack of water resources in the world, shows the investigation done by the Pacific Institute, an Oakland, California-based non-profit scientific research group. Moreover, every year this number is growing gradually and more people are suffering (Bloomberg News, 2010). There are certain causes which deteriorate current situation. The most influential reasons are global warming, pollution by human-beings and overpopulation. It is known that India is one of the countries which face water scarcity so this essay will consider the possible ways of solutions of water shortage in India.
There are different views on good governance agenda among proponents and opponents of the idea. Proponents of good governance see it as a worthy goal not only in and of itself, but also as a means through which to impact a variety of other outcomes, particularly economic growth and development (Gisselquist, 2012). Whereas, the opponents on the other side argue that the use of governance criteria in the allocation of foreign aid effectively introduces political conditionality and imposes Western liberal models of democracy (Ibid). Opposed to the argument there is a widespread consensus that good governance is a necessary ingredient of sustainable development. Owing to this, nations in the world including Ethiopia, regardless of their political ideology, economic development and other factors are striving to ensure good governance.