With traces of humans dating back 50,000 years, Bonn is considered to be one of Germany’s oldest cities (History). The city of Bonn “celebrated its 2000th anniversary in 1989, based on the date of its first written mention by the Roman writer Florus in 11 BC” (History). “Friedrich Schlegel once called Bonn a “friendly” town and it has been a friendly town throughout the whole 2000 years if its existence, which dates back to the foundation of the Drusus fort in the year 13 BC (Schleifer).” Around 11 BC, a Roman army placed a unit in what is present day downtown. However, before this occurred, the army moved members of a Germanic tribe, the Ubii, to Bonna which is Latin for Bonn. After many years, the army released the small camp linked to the Ubii-settlement. Around the 1st century AD, the Roman army then took a spot to the north of emerging Bonna in what is now the section of Bonn-Castell to build a military fort called Castra Bonnensis, which means Fort Bonn. This Fort was used through the 5th century AD and continued to stand in the Middle Ages, where the fort was called Bonnburg. The structures were not of much use until the Frankish kings who were in control at this time decided to use them as part of the city wall in the 13th century. Barbarian invaders destroyed much of the original city of Bonna, and when the time came for the barbarians to take over, the troops switched their allegiances to save themselves from certain death. It is from these barbarians that the medieval city of Bonn began to rise (Bonn). “One well-documented event was the martyrdom of two Thebaean legionaries. The Thebaean Legion was an all-Christian legion, which refused to worship the emperor as a god. As punishment, the Thebaean Legion's commander, Ma...
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...rk: Berghahn Books, 2010. Print.
"Bonn." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 25 Apr. 2014. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.
"Bonn: A Brief History." A Brief History of Bonn. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.
"Bonn Travel Guide." Travel Guide. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.
de Bruyn, Gerd . Post tower : Helmut Jahn, Werner Sobek, Matthias Schuler. Berlin; Boston: Birkhauser Verlag, 1997. Print.
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Flagge, Ingeborg. Architektur in Bonn nach 1945 : Bauten in der Bundeshauptstadt und ihrer Umgebung. Bonn: Rohrscheid, 1984. Print.
Grosser, Dieter. German Unification: The Unexpected Challenge. Oxford: Berg, 1992. Print.
"Hans Riegel Bonn = HARIBO - A Traditional Brand with History." Hans Riegel Bonn = HARIBO - A Traditional Brand with History. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.
Research will be drawn from many sources including several historical studies and online articles. The sources used revolve around Bismarck's attitudes and actions toward German unification and general policy. Sources include works by historians A.J.P. Taylor and James Wycliffe Headlam. The policies of Bismarck during the interwar period were researched as well, through several scholastic journals and written works.
Gottfried, Ted, and Stephen Alcorn. Nazi Germany: The Face of Tyranny. Brookfield, CT: Twenty-First Century, 2000. Print.
Hagen W (2012). ‘German History in Modern Times: Four Lives of the Nation’. Published by Cambridge University Press (13 Feb 2012)
The Songerweg emphasizes the particular model of history that Germany, unlike other Western countries, has gone through. Specifically, ‘proponents of this concept emphasize the peculiarities of German history, such as political institutions, social structures, or mentalities and experience, usually in comparison with other Western countries, to demonstrate the unique course of German history’ (Buse & Doerr, 1998, p. 934). Although initially the theory of Sonderweg viewed the characteristics of German historical development as positive, the situation has changed after the World War II. Specifically, in the 19th and early 20th centuries historians applied the Sonderweg model to stress a focus on the role of strong central state and military as the driving force of the development of the country (Buse & Doerr, 1998). In addition to this, historians regarded social reforms in Germany that were made from ‘above’ rather than being the outcomes of revolution to be a positive feature that depicted German state in a favorable way. Finally, the historical school viewed the course of German industrialization and culture as superior to similar processed in the rest of Western European
The mayor of Cologne, Konrad Adenauer, dedicated the first completed length of the system, stretching roughly 18 miles from Cologne to Bonn in 1932. When the Nazis took over, they built a further 2,400 miles to move military personnel and goods; with an additional 1,550 miles under construction before World War...
Components of a roman town was discussed in detail with help of two examples-pompeii and Rome.This gives the reader the basic understanding of the easy phase of roman architecture and urbanism.
In 1834, when a fire nearly completely demolished the old Palace of Westminster, Britain had a chance to redefine what British architecture was (Richardson p. 111-112). Although throughout Europe Classicism and the Greek and Roman Revival had had a stronghold on secular buildings, by the early 1800 Neo-Gothic was starting to be seen as a nationalistic style of architecture, something that should, together with language, be national (Barry, p.114). While in France the Gothic Revival was mainly used for secular buildings, in Britain it was mainly used for ecclesiastical buildings (Barry, p. 110). It was into this world that August Welby Nothmore Pugin (1812-52) was born.
Treitschke, Heinrich. “History of Germany in the Nineteenth Century and Historical and Political Writings.” The Human Record. By Alfred J. Andrea and James H. Overfield. Vol. 2. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2011. 2 vols. 292-295.
Fulbrook, Mary. A Concise History of Germany. 2nd ed. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Print.
[7] The architectural review. (1993) Waterloo International Terminal [online]. Available From: http://www.engineering-timelines.com/scripts/engineeringItem.asp?id=243 [Accessed 2nd May 2014]
When it comes to living in Amberg, Germany, I will admit to being somewhat biased. Those who are fortunate enough to live within Amberg’s original medieval Town “Egg” (the original town is surrounded by an egg shaped castle wall), are given the opportunity to experience historic beauty, architecture and simplistic life. The original medieval town remains surrounded by the original double wall fortification, four town gates, multiple towers, ramparts and a vast dry moat Much of the populace has resided in Amberg their entire lives, occupying a home which has been in their family for many generations. To this day the City (population: 44,737) (DATEANDTIME.INFO), and inner medieval town center have managed to blend together as they grew, with the original medieval town retaining its quaint charm and atmosphere. My objective is to share a glimpse of the history and charm of this hidden gem, the treasure of Amberg.
Canning, Kathleen. “Responses to German Reunification.” The Journal of the International Institute. 2000. The Regents of the University of Michigan. 07 March 05
...n S Hashim (eds), CASE: Le Corbusier’s Venice Hospital and the Mat Building Revival, Prestel, pp. 118-126.
1992, an unbuilt architecture for the city of Berlin that can be formally read in two different
"The Spoils of Berlin." New African Feb. 2010: 18-33. New African. Web. 9 Mar. 2011. .