Discussion: Enzymes (catalase) are found in every living organism, helping to speed up chemical reactions. Enzymes function is to break down molecules into smaller substances. In our experiment we are seeing if the enzyme is able to break down the molecules. We are using hydrogen peroxide as the substrate, this is a substrate of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. as the hydrogen comes into contact with the enzyme (potato disks) the enzyme then breaks down the hydrogen peroxide substance into 2 smaller molecules. The enzymes are affected differently by various temperatures. When the temperature of the enzyme increases this starts to decreases the rate of reaction. This is aa result of the kinetic energy increasing. The heat of the enzyme at high temperatures causes the enzyme to denature, changing its shape, so the substrate is no longer able to fit correctly into the active site, breaking the bond between the two of them, therefore rapidly decreasing the rate of reaction. In my results it shows accurate results for my high temperatures take. (65 and 95 degrees). When test 65 degrees, 0 degrees and 95 degrees in the experiment we used a different potato which may have slightly changed the results. We used …show more content…
For a faster reaction rate (more oxygen bubbles in the experiment) and faster collisions between the substrate and active site the kinetic energy needs to increase. Like higher temperatures denaturing the enzyme and decreasing the reaction rate, low temperatures have this affect of the potato enzyme. only 2 out of 3 of the low temperature (0 degrees) were accurate, this is because we didn't leave our potatoes in the ice for long enough in our first experiment which affected our results, so the results of that round had a higher reaction rate because the enzymes were warming up to an optimal temperature as the experiment went
The purpose of this study is to analyze the activity of the enzyme, catalase, through our understanding
Catalase is a common enzyme that is produced in all living organisms. All living organisms are made up of cells and within the cells, enzymes function to increase the rate of chemical reactions. Enzymes function to create the same reactions using a lower amount of energy. The reactions of catalase play an important role to life, for example, it breaks down hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water. Our group developed an experiment to test the rate of reaction of catalase in whole carrots and pinto beans with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Almost all enzymes are proteins and proteins are made up of amino acids. The areas within an enzyme speed up the chemical reactions which are known as the active sites, and are also where the
Investigation of How the Concentration of Catalase Enzyme Affects the Rate of Reaction Aim: To find out how the concentration of Catalase Enzyme will affect the enzyme activity and the rate of reaction towards Hydrogen Peroxide. (H O ) Prediction: I predict that with the higher concentration of enzyme, the likelihood of it breaking down molecules will be greater because there will be more enzymes to work at the substrate and the chances of it colliding will be higher making the activity time quicker. Equipment: · Syringe · Measuring Cylinder (×2) · Knife · Blender · Beakers (×2) · Balance · Hydrochloric Acid in a beaker · Stop clock · Potato · Water in a beaker Preliminary Experiment: In this experiment we will be using an enzyme called Catalase. By using different amounts of this enzyme we will be diluting it with water to test how the concentration of Catalase affects the rate of reaction with Hydrogen Peroxide.
This happens when the temperature is too high; the process is called “denaturing”. When an enzyme reaches a certain temperature, it will have so much energy that it is de-shaped; it is “denatured”. This diagram shows how a denatured enzyme will not work: [IMAGE] The enzymes will hardly work at very low temperatures (they wont be
This enzyme speeds up the break down of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, as enzymes are biological catalysts. [IMAGE]The reaction: Hydrogen peroxide Water + Oxygen Catalase -------- [IMAGE] 2H2O2 2H2O + O2 Apparatus: Hydrogen Peroxide, Several sticks of celery, Stand, boss and clamp, 100ml conical flask, 25cm3 burette, 1800cm3 beaker, Rubber bung with delivery tube, Distilled water, Large container filled with water, 10cm3 measuring cylinder, 10cm3 syringe, 20cm3 syringe, Blender, Knife, Ceramic tile, Electronic balance (correct to 2 decimal places), Sieve, Stopwatch/timer. The variables: There are many possible variables in this investigation, such as pH, temperature, the concentration of substrate and the concentration of the enzyme.
Introduction / Background Information. This is an experiment to examine how the concentration of the substrate Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) affects the rate of reaction of the enzyme Catalase. In this experiment I will be using yeast as a source of catalase. Enzymes are catalysts which speed up specific reactions. Enzymes such as catalase are protein molecules, which speed up a specific reaction within the cell.
This indicated that the effect of high temperature on the activity of peroxidase was irreversible and so if the optimum temperature was restored the enzyme activity will not increase again because denaturation resulted in a permanent change in the shape of the active site of the peroxidase enzyme. In conclusion, the results of this experiment supported the hypothesis that enzymes including peroxidase enzyme are sensitive to temperature changes[George
Results The results were put into a table showing how much distilled water each test tube contained, the weight of the uncooked potato slices before and after being added to the test tubes and the percentage that was worked out by X 100. Potato Dilution Weight Before Weight After % of Change 1 0% 4.76 4.89 +2% 2 20% 5.32 5.22 -2% 3 40% 3.72 3.55 -5% 4 60% 3.05 2.88 -6% 5 80% 4.37 3.99 -9% 6 100% 3.14 3.23
Abstract: Enzymes are catalysts therefore we can state that they work to start a reaction or speed it up. The chemical transformed due to the enzyme (catalase) is known as the substrate. In this lab the chemical used was hydrogen peroxide because it can be broken down by catalase. The substrate in this lab would be hydrogen peroxide and the enzymes used will be catalase which is found in both potatoes and liver. This substrate will fill the active sites on the enzyme and the reaction will vary based on the concentration of both and the different factors in the experiment. Students placed either liver or potatoes in test tubes with the substrate and observed them at different temperatures as well as with different concentrations of the substrate. Upon reviewing observations, it can be concluded that liver contains the greater amount of catalase as its rates of reaction were greater than that of the potato.
* Amount of sugar solution in each test tube. * The potatoes have to have the same mass.
Purpose: This lab gives the idea about the enzyme. We will do two different experiments. Enzyme is a protein that made of strings of amino acids and it is helping to produce chemical reactions in the quickest way. In the first experiment, we are testing water, sucrose solution, salt solution, and hydrogen peroxide to see which can increase the bubbles. So we can understand that enzyme producing chemical reactions in the speed. In the second experiment, we are using temperature of room, boiling water, refrigerator, and freezer to see what will effect the enzyme.
The biggest weakness was the fact that this experiment was not conducted several times to highlight the systematic errors and again, eliminate any random errors that can be avoided. Only a small range of sample size was taken and therefore, different concentrations outside the 0%-10% glucose solution should be tested to have a better understanding of the trend. Drying of the potato varies and this can cause a major effect on the after mass of potato cores.
They speed up chemical reactions without taking part in the reaction. Enzymes are sensitive to temperature and pH and have optimal levels of each variable at which they will function at the fastest rate. For the browning reaction of an apple to occur, three conditions are necessary; 1. The enzyme know as phenolase must be present 2. The target/substrate of the phenolase called phenols must be present 3.
I will make sure that no air gets into the measuring cylinder until the experiment has started. I will keep the surface area of the potato. the same as the other. I will control the surface area of the potato by using a
A cork borer was used to cut potato tubers to cylinders of equal diameter and a ruler was used to cut equal lengths. A stop watch was used to measure the time and the same scale was used to measure all the potato tubers. 10ml pipettes were used to measure the volume of the solution. However, confounding factors can play a role in the results obtained. These confounding factors could be due to errors when measuring the length of the potato tubers and inconsistency when weighing the potato tubers. The moisture of the cylinders of potato tubers might have been different and some might have dried a little more than others when removing excess water. The environments in which the potatoes were grown as well as the storage time of the potatoes before use in the lab are unknown. Each treatment contained three potato tuber cylinders so that there were replicates to ensure the accuracy and validity of the data obtained.